MARIA FERNANDA TOURINHO PERES
Projetos de Pesquisa
Unidades Organizacionais
Departamento de Medicina Preventiva, Faculdade de Medicina - Docente
LIM/39 - Laboratório de Processamento de Dados Biomédicos, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina
LIM/39 - Laboratório de Processamento de Dados Biomédicos, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina
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bookPart Epidemiologia(2021) CARVALHO, Heráclito Barbosa de; LUNA, Expedito José de Albuquerque; GOUVEIA, Nelson da Cruz; ROSSI, Paulo; MATIJASEVICH, Alicia; PERES, Maria Fernanda Tourinho- A global analysis of the impact of COVID-19 stay-at-home restrictions on crime(2021) NIVETTE, Amy E.; ZAHNOW, Renee; AGUILAR, Raul; AHVEN, Andri; AMRAM, Shai; ARIEL, Barak; BURBANO, Maria Jose Arosemena; ASTOLFI, Roberta; BAIER, Dirk; BARK, Hyung-Min; BEIJERS, Joris E. H.; BERGMAN, Marcelo; BREETZKE, Gregory; CONCHA-EASTMAN, I. Alberto; CURTIS-HAM, Sophie; DAVENPORT, Ryan; DIAZ, Carlos; FLEITAS, Diego; GERELL, Manne; JANG, Kwang-Ho; KAARIAINEN, Juha; LAPPI-SEPPALA, Tapio; LIM, Woon-Sik; REVILLA, Rosa Loureiro; MAZEROLLE, Lorraine; MESKO, Gorazd; PEREDA, Noemi; PERES, Maria F. T.; POBLETE-CAZENAVE, Ruben; ROSE, Simon; SVENSSON, Robert; TRAJTENBERG, Nico; LIPPE, Tanja van der; VELDKAMP, Joran; PERDOMO, Carlos J. Vilalta; EISNER, Manuel P.The implementation of COVID-19 stay-at-home policies was associated with a considerable drop in urban crime in 27 cities across 23 countries. More stringent restrictions over movement in public space were predictive of larger declines in crime. The stay-at-home restrictions to control the spread of COVID-19 led to unparalleled sudden change in daily life, but it is unclear how they affected urban crime globally. We collected data on daily counts of crime in 27 cities across 23 countries in the Americas, Europe, the Middle East and Asia. We conducted interrupted time series analyses to assess the impact of stay-at-home restrictions on different types of crime in each city. Our findings show that the stay-at-home policies were associated with a considerable drop in urban crime, but with substantial variation across cities and types of crime. Meta-regression results showed that more stringent restrictions over movement in public space were predictive of larger declines in crime.
- Social segregation and lethal police violence in the city of Sao Paulo, Brazil (2014-2015)(2021) RYNGELBLUM, Marcelo; PERES, Maria Fernanda TourinhoWe aimed to investigate how lethal police violence (LPV) in the City of Sao Paulo (CSP), Brazil, is associated with socioeconomic development when we consider the victims' place of residence and the locations of the fatal injuries. The spatial distribution of lethal police violence rate (LPVR) and its association with the human development index (HDI) was investigated using the Moran's I (Global and Bivariate Local). Between 2014 and 2015 we found 403 police victims in the Health database and 794 victims in the Security Department. We found a non-random spatial distribution of the LPV considering the victim's place of residence (I=+0.12; p<0.001) and the locations where the fatal injuries were inflicted (I=+0.07; p<0.001). We found a negative association between LPVR and the HDI of the place of residence (I=-0.10; p<0.001) and a positive association between LPVR and the HDI of the locations of the fatal injuries (I=+0.02; p<0.001). The results point to different dynamics of LPV in CSP. High mortality clusters are found in areas with lower HDI, when considering the victim's address, and in areas with higher HDI, when considering the address of the violent events. LPV impacts young blacks, poorly educated residents of outskirts informing us about patterns of social segregation.
- Availability and consumption of ultra-processed foods in schools in the municipality of Sao Paulo, Brazil: results of the SP-Proso(2021) LEITE, Maria Alvim; AZEREDO, Catarina Machado; PERES, Maria Fernanda Tourinho; ESCUDER, Maria Mercedes Loureiro; LEVY, Renata BertazziUltra-processed foods are markers of unhealthy eating patterns, and their consumption is high among adolescents. Characteristics of the school eating environment associate with student eating practices. This study aims to investigate the association between the presence of school canteens and the availability of ultra-processed foods in school canteens with the consumption of these foods, inside the school, among adolescents of the 9th grade (14 years) of the public and private schools of the city of Sao Paulo, Brazil. We conducted a cross-sectional study with SP-Proso data, in a sample of 2,680 adolescents. We elaborated multilevel linear regression models to evaluate associations between the exposures: presence of school canteens and availability of ultra-processed foods with outcomes of consumption frequency of ultra-processed foods in the school. We found an association between the presence of school canteens and the higher frequency of consumption of sausages (0.46; 95%CI: 0.24; 0.68), package snacks (0.50 95%CI: 0.19; 0.80), goodies (0.82; 95%CI: (155; L09), and sugary drinks (a 34; 95%Cl: (106; 0.62), as well as a score of consumption frequency of ultra-processed foods (2.37: 95%CI: 1.25; 3.48). The availability of package snacks, goodies, and sugary drinks in school canteens increased the frequency of consumption of these foods. We observed a dose-response effect between the diversity of ultra-processed foods in canteens and the frequency of consumption of these foods. A school food environment with greater availability of ultra-processed products is associated with their higher consumption in school, indicating the need to regulate the sale of food within these institutions.
- The role of social support in reducing the impact of violence on adolescents' mental health in Sao Paulo, Brazil(2021) QUINLAN-DAVIDSON, Meaghen; KISS, Ligia; DEVAKUMAR, Delan; CORTINA-BORJA, Mario; EISNER, Manuel; PERES, Maria Fernanda TourinhoObjectives We investigated whether perceived social support among adolescent students moderated the association between violence exposure and internalising symptoms in Sao Paulo city, Brazil. Methods We tested the stress-buffering model using data from the cross-sectional school-based, survey Sao Paulo Project on the Social Development of Children and Adolescents. Internalising symptoms were measured using an adapted version of the Social Behaviour Questionnaire; serious victimisation, being bullied once/week, school violence and community violence, friend and teacher support were scales adapted by the research team; the Alabama Parenting Questionnaire measured parenting style. Linear mixed-effects models were used to quantify moderation effects of (i) social support between violence exposure and internalising symptoms and (ii) gender between violence exposure and internalising symptoms across schools. Results Across schools, being bullied once/week, school violence, and community violence were associated with a significant (p<0.001) increase in internalising symptoms (e.g., bullied b = 5.76, 95% CI 2.26, 9.26; school violence b = 0.48, 95% CI 0.30, 0.67; community violence b = 0.36; 95% CI 0.22, 0.50). Males exposed to all types of violence had significantly lower (p<0.01) internalising symptoms compared to females (e.g., serious victimisation: b = -1.45; 95% CI -2.60, -0.29; school violence b = -0.27; 95% CI -0.30, -0.24; community violence b = -0.23; 95% CI -0.25, -0.20). As a main effect, social support was associated with a significant (p<0.01) decrease in internalising symptoms across schools (e.g., positive parenting b = -2.42; 95% CI -3.12, -1.72; parent involvement b = -2.75; 95% CI -3.32, -2.17; friend support b = -1.05; 95% CI -1.74, -0.34; teacher support b = -0.90; 95% CI -1.58, -0.22). Social support did not moderate the association between violence exposure and internalising symptoms. Conclusions Adolescent students in Sao Paulo exposed to violence have a higher likelihood of internalising symptoms, compared to those who are not. Support from parents, friends, and teachers, independent of violence, appear to be protective against internalising symptoms, pointing to potential programmes that could improve adolescent mental health.
- Data quality analysis of deaths committed by the police in the city of Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2014-2015(2021) RYNGELBLUM, Marcelo; PERES, Maria Fernanda TourinhoDeadly police force is a public health problem. Although the Mortality Information System (SIM) is the most reliable record of deaths from violence, the same is not true for cases of deadly police force, which displays a high degree of underreporting when compared to data from the Sao Paulo Department of Law Enforcement (SSP-SP). The current study aimed to estimate underreporting in the two official data sources (SIM and SSP-SP), identifying the ICD-10 categories used in cases of incorrectly classified deadly police force and mortality rates in the years 2014 and 2015 in the city of Sao Paulo, Brazil. Using linkage of data from the SIM and SSP-SP databases, we describe the use of underlying causes of death in cases of deadly police force, estimating underreporting in the SIM and the SSP-SP with the capture-recapture methodology and mortality rates in the city. Based on the database linkage, most of the deaths from deadly police force were classified incorrectly (53%) as other underlying causes of death in the SIM. Both the SIM and SSP-SP underreported the deaths committed by police officers, with different magnitudes (53.2% in the SIM and 7.9% in the SSP-SP). Reclassification of the deaths via linkage added a gain in the SIM, which now had the same mean mortality rate as the SSP-SP (3.44/100,000), thereby decreasing the underreporting in comparison to the initial scenario. Correct recording of death is the first step to the ensuring the right to justice and truth. Recording with quality means to guarantee the right to information, which is not an end per se, but the start in the task of prevention. Data-sharing and inter-sector work are urgently needed.
- Association between self-control and health risk behaviors: a cross-sectional study with 9th grade adolescents in Sao Paulo(2021) ASTOLFI, Roberta Corradi; LEITE, Maria Alvim; PAPA, Cassio Henrique Gomide; RYNGELBLUM, Marcelo; EISNER, Manuel; PERES, Maria Fernanda TourinhoBackground Self-control (SC) has been consistently found associated with diverse health risk behaviors (HRBs), but little research refers to low- and middle-income countries. Furthermore, there is evidence that some HRBs tend to aggregate, however studies with the specific purpose of addressing the relation between SC and multiple health risk behaviors (MHRBs) are rare. The objective of this study is to analyze these associations and provide evidence to help filling these gaps. Methods A sample of 2106 9th grade students from the city of Sao Paulo responded a self-administered questionnaire in 2017. We tested the association of SC measured as an ordinal variable with four levels (higher, high, medium and low) with six HRBs (binge drinking, marijuana use, smoking, high consumption of ultra-processed food, sedentary behavior and bullying perpetration), in both separated and aggregated forms (MHRBs), controlling for potential confounders. Binary logistic regression was used to test the association between exposure (SC) and single outcomes. In order to analyze the association of SC with MHRBs, multinomial logistic regression was employed. Results SC was associated with five of six HRBs investigated and with MHRBs. The effect size of the association of SC and MHRBs increased in a steep pattern with accumulation of more HRBs. Conclusion Low self-control is associated with most HRBs investigated and the magnitude of the association increases when more than two or three HRBs are accumulated. There seems to be a group of adolescents in a position of pronounced vulnerability for MHRBs. This should be considered when designing public policy and prevention programs. In contexts of limited or scarce resources and public funds, interventions focusing the most vulnerable groups, instead of universal interventions, should be considered.
- School environment and physical activity in adolescents from Sao Paulo city(2021) FERRARI, Gerson; REZENDE, Leandro F. M.; FLORINDO, Alex A.; MIELKE, Gregore I.; PERES, Maria Fernanda TourinhoWe examined the association of physical activity (PA) facilities and access to school with total PA and domain-specific PA in adolescents. We enrolled 2610 adolescents (mean: 14.9 years) from Sao Paulo city. The number and presence of sports courts, swimming pools, locker rooms, running/athletics tracks, entrance accessible for student cyclists, bike racks, speed limit signal around the school, and pedestrian crossing were assessed in each school. All participants responded to a questionnaire about frequency and duration of physical education classes, leisure time, and active commuting. Total PA was obtained by adding up all PA domains. Presence of three or more (OR: 1.62; 95% CI: 1.15 to 2.30) sports courts, swimming pool available in usable conditions (OR: 1.45; 95% CI: 1.01 to 2.10), running/athletics tracks (OR: 2.35; 95% CI: 1.07 to 5.18), and bike racks (OR: 1.38; 95% CI: 1.07 to 1.78) were positively associated with total PA. Number of sports courts, swimming pool available in usable conditions, speed limit signals around the school, and pedestrian crossings were positively associated with physical education classes. The bike racks, speed limit signs around the school, and pedestrian crossings were positively associated with active commuting. School environment was associated with increased PA. Our findings should be considered in future epidemiologic studies and for educational and health policy makers.