VERA LUCIA JORNADA KREBS
Projetos de Pesquisa
Unidades Organizacionais
Instituto da Criança, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina
LIM/36 - Laboratório de Pediatria Clínica, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina
LIM/36 - Laboratório de Pediatria Clínica, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina
11 resultados
Resultados de Busca
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- Establishment of oral microbiome in very low birth weight infants during the first weeks of life and the impact of oral diet implementation(2023) VANZELE, Pedro A. R.; SPARVOLI, Luiz Gustavo; CAMARGO, Patricia P. de; TRAGANTE, Carla R.; BEOZZO, Glenda P. N. S.; KREBS, Vera L. J.; CORTEZ, Ramon V.; TADDEI, Carla R.Very low birth weight (VLBW) infants, mostly preterm, have many barriers to feeding directly from the mother's breast, and need to be fed alternatively. Feeding is a major influencer in oral microbial colonization, and this colonization in early life is crucial for the promotion of human health. Therefore, this research aimed to observe the establishment of oral microbiome in VLBW infants during their first month of life through hospitalization, and to verify the impact caused by the implementation of oral diet on the colonization of these newborns. We included 23 newborns followed during hospitalization and analyzed saliva samples collected weekly, using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. We observed a significant decrease in richness and diversity and an increase in dominance over time (q-value < 0.05). The oral microbiome is highly dynamic during the first weeks of life, and beta diversity suggests a microbial succession in early life. The introduction of oral diet does not change the community structure, but affects the abundance, especially of Streptococcus. Our results indicate that although time is related to significant changes in the oral microbial profile, oral feeding benefits genera that will remain colonizers throughout the host's life.
- Neonatal Hypotension: What Is the Efficacy of Each Anti-Hypotensive Intervention? A Systematic Review(2019) MATSUSHITA, F.Y.; KREBS, V.L.J.; CARVALHO, W.B. dePurpose of review: There is no consensus in the treatment of hemodynamic instability in the preterm newborn. Blood pressure is one of the few measurable objective parameters for hemodynamic evaluation in this population. However, little is known about the efficacy of anti-hypotensive treatments in newborns. The objective of this review is to identify and analyze the efficacy of a given anti-hypotensive intervention in improving the hypotensive preterm newborn. Recent findings: With the increase in survival of the preterm newborns, there was an augmentation in the interest for the treatment of hypotension in this population. However, as there are doubts regarding the efficacy in anti-hypotensive treatment, new drugs are being used to reverse the hypotensive state in preterm infants: epinephrine, norepinephrine, vasopressin, and steroids. Summary: We have identified that classically used medications in the treatment of hypotension have little evidence of efficacy in rescuing the preterm infant from the hypotensive state. New therapies are emerging with potential benefits, especially in refractory hypotension such as epinephrine and norepinephrine, but more prospective studies are needed. Literature review should be careful, considering the definition used for hypotension, the time of onset, the intravascular volume status of each patient, and if the drug was used as a first or second line of treatment. © 2019, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
- Preterm and term neonates transplacentally acquire IgG antibodies specific to LPS from Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa(2011) LESSA, Ana Lucia Silveira; KREBS, Vera Lucia Jornada; BRASIL, Tatiana Braga; PONTES, Gerlandia Neres; CARNEIRO-SAMPAIO, Magda; PALMEIRA, PatriciaHigh incidences of Gram-negative bacteria are found in neonatal nosocomial infections. Our aim was to investigate placental transmission of immunoglobulin G (IgG) reactive with lipopolysaccharide from Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia colt O111, O6 and O26. The total and lipopolysaccharide-specific IgM and IgG were determined in 11 maternal/umbilical-cord sera aged <= 33 weeks (GI); 21 aged > 33 and < 37 weeks (GII); and 32 term newborns (GIII). The total and lipopolysaccharide-specific IgM concentrations were equivalent in maternal sera. The total IgG concentrations were equivalent in maternal and newborn sera, with the exception of GIII newborns as compared with their mothers (P < 0.0001) and with neonates from GI and GII (P < 0.05). Lipopolysaccharide-specific IgG concentrations were lower in GI neonates than in their mothers (P < 0.01) and lower in GII (P < 0.05). Lower lipopolysaccharide-specific IgG levels were observed among neonates only for O111 in GI (P < 0.05) and for 026 and Pseudomonas in GII, both as compared with GIII (P < 0.05). The anti-lipopolysaccharide IgG transfer ratios were lower in GI (except for 026) and in GII (except for Klebsiella and O111) as compared with GIII (P < 0.05). Our results suggest that the greater susceptibility to infections in preterm infants is influenced (besides the humoral response) by factors intrinsic and extrinsic to the condition of prematurity.
- Early Mobilization in PICU: Are We on Time?(2019) JOHNSTON, C.; KREBS, V.L.J.; CARVALHO, W.B. de; CARNEIRO-SAMPAIO, M.Purpose of review: Elements based on specific literature to assist in the elaboration of an early mobilization (EM) protocol for severely ill children in a pediatric intensive care unit or in an inpatient care unit. Recent findings: Recent findings have shown that immobility during critical periods of the disease may cause physical, neuromusculoskeletal, metabolic, cognitive, and psychological sequelae that may extend throughout life. Prolonged bed rest is associated with thromboembolic events, decreased protein synthesis and muscle mass, and increased risk of death. Children surviving from serious illnesses have an increased risk of delay in overall recovery, resulting in poor quality of life and increased costs of post-discharge health services in the short, medium, and long term. Summary: Further research is needed to delineate protocols for specific populations in PICU as well as to find associations between interventions in PICU with EM, and with outcome times spent in PICU and hospital, need for care after hospital discharge, death and quality of life, among others. © 2019, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
- Association between Serum Lactate and Morbidity and Mortality in Neonates: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis(2023) MATSUSHITA, Felipe Yu; KREBS, Vera Lucia Jornada; CARVALHO, Werther Brunow DeObjective: Lactate is a marker of hypoperfusion in critically ill patients. Whether lactate is useful for identifying and stratifying neonates with a higher risk of adverse outcomes remains unknown. This study aimed to investigate the association between lactate and morbidity and mortality in neonates. Methods: A meta-analysis was performed to determine the association between blood lactate levels and outcomes in neonates. Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched from inception to 1 May 2021. A total of 49 observational studies and 14 data accuracy test studies were included. The risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for observational studies and the QUADAS-2 tool for data accuracy test studies. The primary outcome was mortality, while the secondary outcomes included acute kidney injury, necessity for renal replacement therapy, neurological outcomes, respiratory morbidities, hemodynamic instability, and retinopathy of prematurity. Results: Of the 3184 articles screened, 63 studies fulfilled all eligibility criteria, comprising 46,069 neonates. Higher lactate levels are associated with mortality (standard mean difference, -1.09 [95% CI, -1.46 to -0.73]). Using the estimated sensitivity (0.769) and specificity (0.791) and assuming a prevalence of 15% for adverse outcomes (median of prevalence among studies) in a hypothetical cohort of 10,000 neonates, assessing the lactate level alone would miss 346 (3.46%) cases (false negative) and wrongly diagnose 1776 (17.76%) cases (false positive). Conclusions: Higher lactate levels are associated with a greater risk of mortality and morbidities in neonates. However, our results do not support the use of lactate as a screening test to identify adverse outcomes in newborns. Research efforts should focus on analyzing serial lactate measurements, rather than a single measurement.
- Reassessing the role of milrinone in the treatment of heart failure and pulmonary hypertension in neonates and children: a systematic review and meta-analysis(2024) MATSUSHITA, Felipe Yu; KREBS, Vera Lucia Jornada; CAMPOS, Carolina Vieira de; GAIOLLA, Paula Vieira de Vincenzi; CARVALHO, Werther Brunow deTo evaluate milrinone's impact on pediatric cardiac function, focusing on its specific role as an inotrope and lusitrope, while considering its systemic and pulmonary vasodilatory effects. Search of PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library up to August 2023. We included all studies that evaluated milrinone in children under 18 years old in neonatal, pediatric, or cardiac intensive care units. We excluded case reports, studies that did not provide tabular information on milrinone's outcomes, and studies focused on non-intensive care populations. We extracted data on the research design, objectives, study sample, and results of each study, including the impact of milrinone and any associated factors. We screened a total of 9423 abstracts and 41 studies were ultimately included. Milrinone significantly improved left ventricular ejection fraction (WMD 3.41 [95% CI 0.61 - 6.21]), left ventricle shortening fraction (WMD 4.25 [95% CI 3.43 - 5.08]), cardiac index (WMD 0.50 [95% CI 0.32 to 0.68]), left ventricle output (WMD 55.81 [95% CI 4.91 to 106.72]), serum lactate (WMD -0.59 [95% CI -1.15 to -0.02]), and stroke volume index (WMD 2.95 [95% CI 0.09 - 5.82]). However, milrinone was not associated with improvements in ventricular myocardial performance index (WMD -0.01 [95% CI -0.06 to 0.04]) and ventricular longitudinal strain (WMD -2.14 [95% CI -4.56 to 0.28]). Furthermore, milrinone was not associated with isovolumetric relaxation time reduction (WMD -8.87 [95% CI -21.40 to 3.66]).Conclusion: Our meta-analysis suggests potential clinical benefits of milrinone by improving cardiac function, likely driven by its systemic vasodilatory effects. However, questions arise about its inotropic influence and the presence of a lusitropic effect. Moreover, milrinone's pulmonary vasodilatory effect appears relatively weaker compared to its systemic actions. Further research is needed to elucidate milrinone's precise mechanisms and refine its clinical applications in pediatric practice.What is Known:center dot Milrinone is a phosphodiesterase III inhibitor that has been used to treat a variety of pediatric and neonatal conditions.center dot Milrinone is believed to exert its therapeutic effects by enhancing cardiac contractility and promoting vascular relaxation.What is New:center dot Milrinone may not have a significant inotropic effect.center dot Milrinone's pulmonary vasodilatory effect is less robust than its systemic vasodilatory effect.
- Candida parapsilosis candidaemia in a neonatal unit over 7 years: a case series study(2012) MIRANDA, Lourdes das Neves; RODRIGUES, Eliete C. A.; COSTA, Silvia F.; HEIJDEN, Inneke Marie van der; DANTAS, Katia C.; LOBO, Renata D.; BASSO, Mariusa; VARKULJA, Glaucia F.; KREBS, Vera Lucia Jornada; GIBELLI, Maria Augusta Bento Cicaroni; CRIADO, Paulo R.; LEVIN, Anna SaraObjective: To evaluate Candida parapsilosis candidaemia in a neonatal unit over 7 years. Design: Case series study. Setting: A 2000-bed tertiary-care university hospital at Sao Paulo, Brazil. Participants: Neonates hospitalised in a 63-bed neonatal unit. Primary and secondary outcome measures: We evaluated the incidence of C parapsilosis fungemia in a neonatal unit from 2002 through 2008 and the main microbiological, clinical and epidemiological aspects of this disease in neonates. During the study period an outbreak occurred, an infection control programme was implemented, and isolates from blood and hand healthcare workers (HCWs) were submitted to molecular typing. Results: During 7 years, there were 36 cases of C parapsilosis fungaemia and annual incidence varied from 0 to 19.7 per 1000 admissions. Evaluating 31 neonates with fungemia, the mean age at diagnosis was 19 days. All children except for one were premature; all had received total parenteral nutrition and all but one had used central venous catheter. Three neonates had received antifungal treatment previously to the diagnosis. Thirty-day mortality was 45%. Only lower birthweight was associated with mortality. C parapsilosis species complex was isolated from hand cultures in eight (11%) of the HCWs (one isolate was identified as C orthopsilosis). By molecular typing no HCW isolate was similar to any of the blood isolates. Conclusions: The incidence of C parapsilosis fungemia in a neonatal unit varied widely over 7 years. We observed in our series a higher death rate than that reported in European countries and the USA.
- Complete blood count and C-reactive protein to predict positive blood culture among neonates using machine learning algorithms(2023) MATSUSHITA, Felipe Yu; KREBS, Vera Lucia Jornada; CARVALHO, Werther Brunow dePurpose: The authors aimed to develop a Machine-Learning (ML) algorithm that can predict positive blood culture in the neonatal intensive care unit, using complete blood count and C-reactive protein values.Methods: The study was based on patients' electronic health records at a tertiary neonatal intensive care unit in Sao Paulo, Brazil. All blood cultures that had paired complete blood count and C-reactive protein measurements taken at the same time were included. To evaluate the machine learning model's performance, the authors used accuracy, Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristics (AUROC), recall, precision, and F1-score.Results: The dataset included 1181 blood cultures with paired complete blood count plus c-reactive protein and 1911 blood cultures with paired complete blood count only. The f1-score ranged from 0.14 to 0.43, recall ranged from 0.08 to 0.59, precision ranged from 0.29 to 1.00, and accuracy ranged from 0.688 to 0.864.Conclusion: Complete blood count parameters and C-reactive protein levels cannot be used in ML models to pre-dict bacteremia in newborns.
- Risk factors of acute kidney injury in very low birth weight infants in a tertiary neonatal intensive care unit(2023) MORAES, Lucas Hirano Arruda; KREBS, Vera Lucia Jornada; KOCH, Vera Hermina Kalika; MAGALHAES, Natalia Assis Medeiros; CARVALHO, Werther Brunow deObjective: Acute kidney injury (AKI) in the neonatal period is associated with worst outcomes as increased mortality and increased length of hospital stay. Very low birth weight (VLBW) newborns are at higher risk for developing several other conditions that are associated with worst outcomes. Understanding the risk factors for AKI may help to prevent this condition and improve neonatal care for this population. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 155 very low birth weight newborns admitted between 2015 and 2017. The authors compared the newborns who developed neonatal AKI with the non-AKI group and analyzed the main risk factors for developing AKI in the population. The authors also performed an analysis of the main outcomes defined as the duration of mechanical ventilation, length of stay, and death. Results: From the cohort, a total of 61 (39.4%) patients had AKI. The main risk factors associated with Neonatal AKI were necrotizing enterocolitis (aOR 7.61 [1.69 - 34.37]; p = 0.008), neonatal sepsis (aOR 2.91 [1.17 - 7.24], p = 0.021), and hemodynamic instability (aOR 2.99 [1.35 - 6.64]; p = 0.007). Neonatal AKI was also associated with an increase in the duration of mechanical ventilation in 9.4 days (p = 0.026) and in an increase in mortality 4 times (p = 0.009), after adjusting for the other variables. Conclusion: The present results highlight the importance of minimizing sepsis and necrotizing enterocolitis, as well as the importance of identifying hemodynamic instability, to prevent AKI and diminish the burden of morbimortality in VLBW newborns. (c) 2022 Sociedade Brasileira de Pediatria.
- Clinical characteristics and evolution of 71 neonates born to mothers with COVID-19 at a tertiary center in Brazil(2022) DUARTE, Bruna de Paula; KREBS, Vera Lucia Jornada; CALIL, Valdenise Martins Laurindo Tuma; CARVALHO, Werther Brunow de; GIBELLI, Maria Augusta Bento Cicaroni; FRANCISCO, Rossana Pulcineli VieiraIntroduction: Limited data are available on pregnant women with COVID-19 and their neonates.Objective: This study aimed to describe clinical characteristics and evolution from birth to discharge of a retrospec-tive cohort of 71 neonates, with one set of twins, born to women with COVID-19 diagnosed at the end of preg-nancy. The authors included all newborns admitted into a neonatal unit of a tertiary hospital in Brazil, between March 2020 and March 2021, whose unvaccinated mothers had COVID-19 symptoms and RT-PCR (Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction) for SARS-CoV-2 positive within fourteen days prior to delivery. Newborns to mothers with COVID-19 symptoms and negative tests for SARS-CoV-2 were excluded. Results: The main route of birth delivery was cesarean, corresponding to 60 pregnant women (84.5%). The fore-most indications for cesarean were pregnant with critical disease (24.6%) and acute fetal distress (20.3%). The mean birth weight was 2452 g (865-3870 g) and the mean gestational age was 345/7 weeks (25-40 weeks). There were 45 premature newborns (63.3%), of which 21 newborns (29.5%) were less than 32 weeks of gestational age. RT-PCR for SARS-CoV-2 on oropharyngeal swabs was positive in 2 newborns (2.8%) and negative in the other 69 newborns (97.2%). Most newborns (51.4%) needed respiratory support. Therapeutic interventions dur-ing hospitalization were inotropic drugs (9.9%), antibiotics (22.8%), parenteral nutrition (26.8%), and photother-apy (46.5%).Conclusion: Maternal COVID-19 diagnosticated close to delivery has an impact on the first days of neonatal life.