Determination of antidepressants in whole blood using hollow-fiber liquid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry
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Citações na Scopus
26
Tipo de produção
article
Data de publicação
2014
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título do Volume
Editora
SPRINGER
Autores
SANTOS, Marcelo Filonzi dos
FERRI, Caio Caleiras
SEULIN, Saskia Carolina
YONAMINE, Mauricio
Citação
FORENSIC TOXICOLOGY, v.32, n.2, p.214-224, 2014
Resumo
A hollow-fiber liquid-phase microextraction (HF-LPME), used in three-phase mode, and combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), was developed to quantify antidepressants and their major metabolites (amitriptyline, nortriptyline, imipramine, desipramine, clomipramine, desmethylclomipramine, fluoxetine, and norfluoxetine) in whole blood samples, using their deuterated analogs as internal standards. The HF-LPME system comprised a disposable 8-cm polypropylene porous hollow fiber, 4.0 ml of sample solution (0.5 ml of blood added to 3.5 ml of 0.1 M NaOH: donor phase), dodecane (organic phase), and 0.1 M formic acid (acceptor phase) for extraction. After stirring the system, the acceptor phase was evaporated under a nitrogen stream and resuspended in 30 mu l of methanol. Derivatization was not required. A 2.0-mu l aliquot of this solution was injected into a GC-MS system. The method was validated after the optimization of several parameters that may influence the extraction efficiency. The limits of quantification for all antidepressants were below the therapeutic levels (20.0 ng/ml). The average intraday and interday precisions were within 9.7 and 9.8 %, respectively, for all analytes. The calibration curves were linear in the concentration range of 20-1,200 ng/ml. The developed method was applied to seven actual postmortem samples. Tricyclic antidepressants were detected in all of the analyzed cases. To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of usefulness of HF-LPME for analysis of antidepressants in postmortem forensic cases.
Palavras-chave
Hollow-fiber liquid-phase microextraction (HF-LPME), Antidepressants, GC-MS, Whole blood, Amitriptyline, Fluoxetine
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