Worldwide trends in hypertension prevalence and progress in treatment and control from 1990 to 2019: a pooled analysis of 1201 population-representative studies with 104 million participants
Carregando...
Citações na Scopus
1282
Tipo de produção
article
Data de publicação
2021
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título do Volume
Editora
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
Autores
ZHOU, Bin
CARRILLO-LARCO, Rodrigo M.
DANAEI, Goodarz
RILEY, Leanne M.
PACIOREK, Christopher J.
STEVENS, Gretchen A.
GREGG, Edward W.
BENNETT, James E.
SOLOMON, Bethlehem
SINGLETON, Rosie K.
Citação
LANCET, v.398, n.10304, p.957-980, 2021
Resumo
Background Hypertension can be detected at the primary health-care level and low-cost treatments can effectively control hypertension. We aimed to measure the prevalence of hypertension and progress in its detection, treatment, and control from 1990 to 2019 for 200 countries and territories. Methods We used data from 1990 to 2019 on people aged 30-79 years from population-representative studies with measurement of blood pressure and data on blood pressure treatment. We defined hypertension as having systolic blood pressure 140 mm Hg or greater, diastolic blood pressure 90 mm Hg or greater, or taking medication for hypertension. We applied a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate the prevalence of hypertension and the proportion of people with hypertension who had a previous diagnosis (detection), who were taking medication for hypertension (treatment), and whose hypertension was controlled to below 140/90 mm Hg (control). The model allowed for trends over time to be non-linear and to vary by age. Findings The number of people aged 30-79 years with hypertension doubled from 1990 to 2019, from 331 (95% credible interval 306-359) million women and 317 (292-344) million men in 1990 to 626 (584-668) million women and 652 (604-698) million men in 2019, despite stable global age-standardised prevalence. In 2019, age-standardised hypertension prevalence was lowest in Canada and Peru for both men and women; in Taiwan, South Korea, Japan, and some countries in western Europe including Switzerland, Spain, and the UK for women; and in several low-income and middle-income countries such as Eritrea, Bangladesh, Ethiopia, and Solomon Islands for men. Hypertension prevalence surpassed 50% for women in two countries and men in nine countries, in central and eastern Europe, central Asia, Oceania, and Latin America. Globally, 59% (55-62) of women and 49% (46-52) of men with hypertension reported a previous diagnosis of hypertension in 2019, and 47% (43-51) of women and 38% (35-41) of men were treated. Control rates among people with hypertension in 2019 were 23% (20-27) for women and 18% (16-21) for men. In 2019, treatment and control rates were highest in South Korea, Canada, and Iceland (treatment >70%; control >50%), followed by the USA, Costa Rica, Germany, Portugal, and Taiwan. Treatment rates were less than 25% for women and less than 20% for men in Nepal, Indonesia, and some countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Control rates were below 10% for women and men in these countries and for men in some countries in north Africa, central and south Asia, and eastern Europe. Treatment and control rates have improved in most countries since 1990, but we found little change in most countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Improvements were largest in high-income countries, central Europe, and some upper-middle-income and recently high-income countries including Costa Rica, Taiwan, Kazakhstan, South Africa, Brazil, Chile, Turkey, and Iran. Interpretation Improvements in the detection, treatment, and control of hypertension have varied substantially across countries, with some middle-income countries now outperforming most high-income nations. The dual approach of reducing hypertension prevalence through primary prevention and enhancing its treatment and control is achievable not only in high-income countries but also in low-income and middle-income settings.
Palavras-chave
Referências
- Andre N, 2019, INT J HYPERTENS, V2019, DOI 10.1155/2019/9021017
- Attaei MW, 2017, LANCET PUBLIC HEALTH, V2, pE411, DOI 10.1016/S2468-2667(17)30141-X
- Bennett JE, 2020, LANCET, V396, P918, DOI 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31761-X
- Bentham J, 2020, NAT FOOD, V1, DOI 10.1038/s43016-019-0012-2
- Burnier M, 2019, CIRC RES, V124, P1124, DOI 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.118.313220
- Campbell NRC, 2018, J CLIN HYPERTENS, V20, P984, DOI 10.1111/jch.13307
- Campbell NRC, 2010, CURR OPIN CARDIOL, V25, P366, DOI 10.1097/HCO.0b013e32833a3632
- Collins TE, 2019, BMJ-BRIT MED J, V364, pL327, DOI 10.1136/bmj.l327
- Danaei G, 2011, LANCET, V378, P31, DOI 10.1016/S0140-6736(11)60679-X
- Ettehad D, 2016, LANCET, V387, P957, DOI 10.1016/S0140-6736(15)01225-8
- Farzadfar F, 2012, LANCET, V379, P47, DOI 10.1016/S0140-6736(11)61349-4
- Federal Ministry of Health of Germany, 2021, WHICH SCREEN TESTS R
- Finucane MM, 2014, STAT SCI, V29, P18, DOI 10.1214/13-STS427
- Furberg CD, 2002, JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC, V288, P2981
- Gee ME, 2014, J CLIN HYPERTENS, V16, P773, DOI 10.1111/jch.12387
- Geldsetzer P, 2019, LANCET, V394, P652, DOI 10.1016/S0140-6736(19)30955-9
- Gradman AH, 2010, J AM SOC HYPERTENS, V4, P42, DOI 10.1016/j.jash.2010.02.005
- Himmelfarb CRD, 2016, ANN GLOB HEALTH, V82, P243, DOI 10.1016/j.aogh.2016.02.003
- Husain MJ, 2020, J AM HEART ASSOC, V9, DOI 10.1161/JAHA.119.015302
- Hyseni L, 2017, PLOS ONE, V12, DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0177535
- Joshi R, 2018, BMJ GLOB HEALTH, V3, DOI 10.1136/bmjgh-2018-001092
- Kim Hyeon Chang, 2021, Clin Hypertens, V27, P8, DOI 10.1186/s40885-021-00166-2
- Kim HS, 2012, J KOREAN MED SCI, V27, pS70, DOI 10.3346/jkms.2012.27.S.S70
- Kontis V, 2014, LANCET, V384, P427, DOI 10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60616-4
- Krist AH, 2021, JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC, V325, P1650, DOI 10.1001/jama.2021.4987
- Kwon S, 2009, HEALTH POLICY PLANN, V24, P63, DOI 10.1093/heapol/czn037
- Labhardt ND, 2010, BMC HEALTH SERV RES, V10, DOI 10.1186/1472-6963-10-339
- Lekoubou A, 2010, INT J ENV RES PUB HE, V7, P353, DOI 10.3390/ijerph7020353
- Knaul FM, 2012, LANCET, V380, P1259, DOI 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61068-X
- Matsumoto M, 2021, J EPIDEMIOL, V31, P495, DOI 10.2188/jea.JE20200089
- McLaren L., 2016, COCHRANE DB SYST REV, V9, pCD010166, DOI [DOI 10.1002/14651858.CD010166.pub2, 10.1002/14651858.CD010166.pub2]
- McManus RJ, 2018, LANCET, V391, P949, DOI 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)30309-X
- Mills KT, 2016, CIRCULATION, V134, P441, DOI 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.115.018912
- Montenegro Torres F., 2013, COSTA RICA CASE STUD
- Moser Marvin, 2006, J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich), V8, P15, DOI 10.1111/j.1524-6175.2006.05836.x
- Murray CJ, 2001, AGE STANDARDIZATION, V31
- Myers MG, 2011, BMJ-BRIT MED J, V342, DOI 10.1136/bmj.d286
- National Health Mission Indian Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, 2017, PREV SCREEN CONTR CO
- Nerenberg KA, 2018, CAN J CARDIOL, V34, P506, DOI 10.1016/j.cjca.2018.02.022
- Okura Y, 2004, J CLIN EPIDEMIOL, V57, P1096, DOI 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2004.04.005
- Olsen MH, 2016, LANCET, V388, P2665, DOI 10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31134-5
- Owolabi M, 2016, HYPERTENSION, V68, P1328, DOI 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.116.08290
- Parati G, 2021, INT J CARDIOL, V331, P262, DOI 10.1016/j.ijcard.2021.01.070
- Philip R, 2021, BMC MED, V19, DOI 10.1186/s12916-021-01963-0
- Plumettaz C, 2020, INT J ENV RES PUB HE, V17, DOI 10.3390/ijerph17249395
- Robinson JR, 1997, MED CARE, V35, P932, DOI 10.1097/00005650-199709000-00006
- Shinbolatova A, 2014, IRAN J PUBLIC HEALTH, V43, P1695
- Sorato MM, 2021, BMC CARDIOVASC DISOR, V21, DOI 10.1186/s12872-021-01934-6
- Su TC, 2008, J HYPERTENS, V26, P600, DOI 10.1097/HJH.0b013e3282f3b352
- Suchard MA, 2019, LANCET, V394, P1816, DOI 10.1016/S0140-6736(19)32317-7
- UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs Population Division, 2019, WORLD POPULATION PRO
- van Mourik MSM, 2010, BMC CARDIOVASC DISOR, V10, DOI 10.1186/1471-2261-10-25
- WHO, 2019, HYP CAR THAIL BEST P
- World Health Organization, 2019, MODEL LIST ESSENTIAL
- Wu CS, 2014, PLOS ONE, V9, DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0112257
- Zhang YY, 2017, HYPERTENSION, V70, P736, DOI 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.117.09801
- Zhou B, 2017, LANCET, V389, P37, DOI 10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31919-5
- Zhou B, 2021, NAT REV CARDIOL, DOI 10.1038/s41569-021-00559-8
- Zhou B, 2019, LANCET, V394, P639, DOI 10.1016/S0140-6736(19)31145-6
- Zhou B, 2018, INT J EPIDEMIOL, V47, P872, DOI 10.1093/ije/dyy016
Coleções
Artigos e Materiais de Revistas Científicas - FM/MCM
Artigos e Materiais de Revistas Científicas - FM/MPR
Artigos e Materiais de Revistas Científicas - HC/InCor
Artigos e Materiais de Revistas Científicas - LIM/13
Artigos e Materiais de Revistas Científicas - LIM/20
Artigos e Materiais de Revistas Científicas - LIM/23
Carregar mais Artigos e Materiais de Revistas Científicas - FM/MPR
Artigos e Materiais de Revistas Científicas - HC/InCor
Artigos e Materiais de Revistas Científicas - LIM/13
Artigos e Materiais de Revistas Científicas - LIM/20
Artigos e Materiais de Revistas Científicas - LIM/23