Versatility of the buccinator myomucosal flap in atypical palate reconstructions

Abstract

Initially described for the treatment of cleft palate, the anatomical bases of the buccinator myomucosal flap were described by Bozola et al. (1989). A meticulous search found several reports of its use for the correction of post-palatoplasty oronasal fistulas, with only a few reports of its use for other palate-related pathologies. A retrospective analysis was undertaken of patients treated by the Plastic Surgery Units at the Rio de Janeiro Federal University Hospital (HU-UFRJ) and the Sao Paulo University Hospital (HC-USP), suffering from palatal lesions not associated with a cleft palate and treated through the use of buccinator myomucosal flaps. The average age was 47 years, with 70% of the patients being male. Assorted aetiologies were noted for palatal defects. When there was significant damage to the soft palate, a superior base pharyngeal flap was used. Of this total, in 71% of the cases only the buccinator myomucosal flap was used. In all cases, the flaps were unilateral, adequately covering the defects in question. The buccinator myomucosal flap is a good option for reconstructing medium to large palate defects, as it is a flap with good vascularization and dimension, in addition to an ample arc of rotation, with primary closure of the donor site, without adding significant morbidity.