FREDERICO LUIZ DULLEY
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- Healthcare-associated infection in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation patients: risk factors and impact on outcome(2012) MENDES, Elisa Teixeira; DULLEY, Frederico; BASSO, Mariusa; BATISTA, Marjorie Vieira; CORACIN, Fabio; GUIMARAES, Thais; SHIKANAI-YASUDA, Maria Aparecida; LEVIN, Anna Sara; COSTA, Silvia FigueiredoObjective: The objective of this study was to analyze the incidence of and risk factors for healthcare-associated infections (HAI) among hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) patients, and the impact of such infections on mortality during hospitalization. Methods: We conducted a 9-year (2001-2009) retrospective cohort study including patients submitted to HSCT at a reference center in Sao Paulo, Brazil. The incidence of HAI was calculated using days of neutropenia as the denominator. Data were analyzed using EpiInfo 3.5.1. Results: Over the 9-year period there were 429 neutropenic HSCT patients, with a total of 6816 days of neutropenia. Bloodstream infections (BSI) were the most frequent infection, presenting in 80 (18.6%) patients, with an incidence of 11.7 per 1000 days of neutropenia. Most bacteremia was due to Gram-negative bacteria: 43 (53.8%) cases were caused by Gram-negative species, while 33 (41.2%) were caused by Gram-positive species, and four (5%) by fungal species. Independent risk factors associated with HAI were prolonged neutropenia (odds ratio (OR) 1.07, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.04-1.10) and duration of fever (OR 1.20, 95% CI 1.12-1.30). Risk factors associated with death in multivariate analyses were age (OR 1.02, 95% CI 1.01-1.43), being submitted to an allogeneic transplant (OR 3.08, 95% CI 1.68-5.56), a microbiologically documented infection (OR 2.96, 95% CI 1.87-4.6), invasive aspergillosis disease (OR 2.21, 95% CI 1.1-4.3), and acute leukemias (OR 2.24, 95% CI 1.3-3.6). Conclusions: BSI was the most frequent HAI, and there was a predominance of Gram-negative microorganisms. Independent risk factors associated with HAI were duration of neutropenia and fever, and the risk factors for a poor outcome were older age, type of transplant (allogeneic), the presence of a microbiologically documented infection, invasive aspergillosis, and acute leukemia. Further prospective studies with larger numbers of patients may confirm the role of these risk factors for a poor clinical outcome and death in this transplant population. (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of International Society for Infectious Diseases.
- Empiric use of linezolid in febrile hematology and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation patients colonized with vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus spp(2015) LISBOA, Luiz F.; MIRANDA, Bianca G.; VIEIRA, Marjorie B.; DULLEY, Frederico L.; FONSECA, Guilherme G.; GUIMARAES, Thais; LEVIN, Anna S.; SHIKANAI-YASUDA, Maria A.; COSTA, Silvia F.Objectives: We conducted a retrospective study on the impact of the empiric use of linezolid on mortality in vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus spp (VRE)-colonized hematology and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) patients. Methods: VRE-colonized inpatients for whom complete data were available (n = 100) were divided into two groups: those who received empiric linezolid in the course of fever refractory to broad-spectrum antibiotics, replacing the glycopeptide utilized for the previous 48 h, and those who did not (control group). All patients were followed until hospital discharge or death. The impact of linezolid and risk factors for all-cause mortality were evaluated; variables with p < 0.10 were analyzed in a multivariate model. A Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was done to compare survival among febrile patients colonized by VRE who received empiric linezolid with patients who did not receive linezolid. Results: Patients empirically prescribed linezolid were generally younger (median age 33 vs. 44 years; p = 0.008) and more likely to be recipients of an allogeneic HSCT (24 (68.6%) vs. 24 (36.9%); p = 0.009) than patients who did not receive the drug. Fourteen (21.5%) VRE bloodstream infections were diagnosed, all in patients who did not receive empiric linezolid (p = 0.002). In-hospital mortality was comparable in empiric linezolid and non-linezolid users (19 (54.3%) vs. 27 (41.5%), respectively; p = 0.293). The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed no significant difference in survival comparing the group that received linezolid to the group that did not (p = 0.72). Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD; odds ratio (OR) 5.90, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.46-23.79; p = 0.012) and persistence of neutropenia (OR 6.93, 95% CI 1.72-27.94; p = 0.0065) were independent predictors of all-cause in-hospital death in HSCT patients, and persistence of neutropenia in non-HSCT patients (OR 8.12, 95% CI 1.22-53.8; p = 0.030). Conclusions: The empiric use of linezolid in VRE-colonized hematology patients had no impact on mortality, which appeared rather to be associated with the persistence of neutropenia in general and GVHD in the HSCT group. (C) 2015 The Authors.