DANIEL ROMERO MUñOZ
Projetos de Pesquisa
Unidades Organizacionais
Departamento de MedicinaLegal, Ética Médica e Medicina Social e do Trabalho, Faculdade de Medicina - Docente
LIM/40 - Laboratório de Imunohematologia e Hematologia Forense, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina
LIM/40 - Laboratório de Imunohematologia e Hematologia Forense, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina
8 resultados
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- Determination of antidepressants in whole blood using hollow-fiber liquid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(2014) SANTOS, Marcelo Filonzi dos; FERRI, Caio Caleiras; SEULIN, Saskia Carolina; LEYTON, Vilma; PASQUALUCCI, Carlos Augusto Goncalves; MUNOZ, Daniel Romero; YONAMINE, MauricioA hollow-fiber liquid-phase microextraction (HF-LPME), used in three-phase mode, and combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), was developed to quantify antidepressants and their major metabolites (amitriptyline, nortriptyline, imipramine, desipramine, clomipramine, desmethylclomipramine, fluoxetine, and norfluoxetine) in whole blood samples, using their deuterated analogs as internal standards. The HF-LPME system comprised a disposable 8-cm polypropylene porous hollow fiber, 4.0 ml of sample solution (0.5 ml of blood added to 3.5 ml of 0.1 M NaOH: donor phase), dodecane (organic phase), and 0.1 M formic acid (acceptor phase) for extraction. After stirring the system, the acceptor phase was evaporated under a nitrogen stream and resuspended in 30 mu l of methanol. Derivatization was not required. A 2.0-mu l aliquot of this solution was injected into a GC-MS system. The method was validated after the optimization of several parameters that may influence the extraction efficiency. The limits of quantification for all antidepressants were below the therapeutic levels (20.0 ng/ml). The average intraday and interday precisions were within 9.7 and 9.8 %, respectively, for all analytes. The calibration curves were linear in the concentration range of 20-1,200 ng/ml. The developed method was applied to seven actual postmortem samples. Tricyclic antidepressants were detected in all of the analyzed cases. To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of usefulness of HF-LPME for analysis of antidepressants in postmortem forensic cases.
- A continuidade do uso de anfetaminas por motoristas de caminhão no Estado de São Paulo, Brasil, a despeito da proibição de sua produção, prescrição e uso(2013) OLIVEIRA, Lucio Garcia de; ENDO, Ligia Goes; SINAGAWA, Daniele Mayumi; YONAMINE, Mauricio; MUNOZ, Daniel Romero; LEYTON, VilmaAmphetamine use by truck drivers for occupational purposes is widely known. The production and consumption of amphetamines was banned by the Brazilian National Health Surveillance Agency (ANVISA) in October 2011. This study analyzes persistent amphetamine use by truck drivers since the ban was implemented. A convenience sample of 427 truck drivers was taken along highways in Sao Paulo State in 2012. Participants were asked to answer a structured questionnaire and provide a urine sample to screen for recent amphetamine consumption through toxicological analysis. Among the interviewed drivers, 7% had used some illicit drug recently and 2.7% had used amphetamines. Amphetamines are still consumed by truck drivers despite the risks and the recent ban. The authorities should thus monitor the possession and use of amphetamines by drivers in order to effectively enforce the ban.
- HAIR DRUG TESTING IN THE NEW BRAZILIAN REGULATION TO OBTAIN PROFESSIONAL DRIVER'S LICENCE: NO PARALLEL TO ANY OTHER LAWENFORCEMENT IN THE WORLD(2015) LEYTON, Vilma; ANDREUCCETTI, Gabriel; ALMEIDA, Rafael Menck de; MUNOZ, Daniel Romero; WALLS, H. Chip; GREVE, Juliamaria D'Andrea; MONTAL, Jose Heverardo da Costa; ADURA, Flavio Emir; YONAMINE, Mauricio
- Hollow fiber-liquid phase microextraction of barbiturates in liver samples(2013) MENCK, Rafael Almeida; OLIVEIRA, Carolina Dizioli Rodrigues de; LIMA, Diogenes Saulo de; GOES, Ligia Endo; LEYTON, Vilma; PASQUALUCCI, Carlos Augusto; MUNOZ, Daniel Romero; YONAMINE, MauricioBarbiturates, especially phenobarbital, are involved in intoxication cases in Brazil and other countries. Liver tissue can be a useful alternate specimen when blood is not available (decomposition, severe fire, and exsanguination cases). Because the liver is a very complex matrix, it is essential is to eliminate potential interfering substances in this specimen before instrumental analysis of target compounds. In recent years, novel strategies for sample preparation have gained acceptance in the field of analytical toxicology. The objective of this work was to develop a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method using hollow fiber-liquid phase microextraction (HF-LPME) for determination of barbiturates (phenobarbital, secobarbital, pentobarbital, and butalbital) in liver samples. An aliquot of homogenized and acidified liver in aqueous solution (equivalent to 50 mg tissue) was submitted to extraction by the use of a 9-cm hollow fiber. The fiber was filled with eucalyptus oil in its pores and its lumen was filled with a NaOH solution (pH 13; acceptor phase). After extraction in an ultrasonic bath for 5 min, the acceptor phase was withdrawn and derivatized in the injector port of the GC-MS with trimethylanilinium hydroxide for flash methylation. A totally ""green chemistry"" approach of the sample extraction was obtained, because relatively large amounts of organic solvent generally used for extraction could be substituted by an essential oil used as a supported liquid membrane for HF-LPME. This method was validated and successfully applied to liver samples collected from five deceased persons with previous history of exposure to barbiturates. Phenobarbital concentrations in the liver found in these actual cases ranged from 1.3 to 16.7 mu g/g.
- Association Between Travel Length and Drug Use Among Brazilian Truck Drivers(2015) SINAGAWA, Daniele Mayumi; CARVALHO, Heraclito Barbosa De; ANDREUCCETTI, Gabriel; PRADO, Natanael Vitoriano Do; OLIVEIRA, Keziah Cristina Barbosa Gruber De; YONAMINE, Mauricio; MUNOZ, Daniel Romero; GJERDE, Hallvard; LEYTON, VilmaObjective: To investigate whether the use of the stimulants amphetamines and cocaine by truck drivers in Brazil was related to travel length. Methods: Truck drivers were randomly stopped by the Federal Highway Police on interstate roads in Sao Paulo State during morning hours from 2008 to 2011 and invited to participate in the project ""Comandos de Saude nas Rodovias"" (Health Commands on the Roads). Participants were asked about the use of drugs, travel distance, and age, and gender was recorded. Samples of urine were collected and analyzed for amphetamine, benzoylecgonine (a metabolite of cocaine), and carboxytetrahydrocannabinol (THC-COOH; a metabolite of cannabis) by immunological screening and quantification by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy. Results: Current use of amphetamine, cocaine, and cannabis was reported by 5.7%, 0.7%, and 0.3% of the truck drivers, respectively. Amphetamine, benzoylecgonine, and THC-COOH were found in urine samples from 5.4%, 2.6,% and in 1.0% of the drivers, respectively. There was a significant association between the positive cases for amphetamine and reported travel length; 9.9% of urine samples from drivers who reported travel length of more than 270km were positive for amphetamine, and 10.9% of those drivers reported current use of amphetamines. In most cases, appetite suppressants containing amphetamines had been used, but the purpose was most often to stay awake and alert while driving. Truck drivers with travel length of more than 270km had significantly higher odds ratio (OR) for having a urine sample that was positive for amphetamine when adjusted for age as confounding factor (OR = 9.41, 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.97-22.26). No significant association was found between the use of cocaine or cannabis and travel length. Conclusion: Truck drivers who reported driving more than 270km had significantly higher frequencies of urine samples positive for amphetamine and reported significantly more frequent current use of amphetamines than those who reported shorter driving distances.
- Occupational conditions and the risk of the use of amphetamines by truck drivers(2015) OLIVEIRA, Lucio Garcia de; SOUZA, Leticia Maria de Araujo de; BARROSO, Lucia Pereira; GOUVEA, Marcela Julio Cesar; ALMEIDA, Carlos Vinicius Dias de; MUNOZI, Daniel Romero; LEYTON, VilmaOBJECTIVE: To test whether the occupational conditions of professional truck drivers are associated with amphetamine use after demographic characteristics and ones regarding mental health and drug use are controlled for. METHODS: Cross-sectional study, with a non-probabilistic sample of 684 male truck drivers, which was collected in three highways in Sao Paulo between years 2012 and 2013. Demographic and occupational information was collected, as well as data on drug use and mental health (sleep quality, emotional stress, and psychiatric disorders). A logistic regression model was developed to identify factors associated with amphetamine use. Odds ratio (OR; 95% CI) was defined as the measure for association. The significance level was established as p < 0.05. RESULTS: The studied sample was found to have an average age of 36.7 (SD = 7.8) years, as well as low education (8.6 [SD = 2.3] years); 29.0% of drivers reported having used amphetamines within the twelve months prior to their interviews. After demographic and occupational variables had been controlled for, the factors which indicated amphetamine use among truck drivers were the following: being younger than 38 years (OR = 3.69), having spent less than nine years at school (OR = 1.76), being autonomous (OR = 1.65), working night shifts or irregular schedules (OR = 2.05), working over 12 hours daily (OR = 2.14), and drinking alcohol (OR = 1.74). CONCLUSIONS: Occupational aspects are closely related to amphetamine use among truck drivers, which reinforces the importance of closely following the application of law (Resting Act (""Lei do Descanso""); Law 12,619/2012) which regulates the workload and hours of those professionals. Our results show the need for increased strictness on the trade and prescription of amphetamines in Brazil.
- Hollow-fibre liquid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometric determination of amphetamines in whole blood(2020) BOMBANA, Henrique Silva; SANTOS, Marcelo Filonzi dos; MUNOZ, Daniel Romero; LEYTON, VilmaHere, we present a fully validated method using a hollow-fibre liquid-phase microextraction technique for the determination by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) of amphetamine (AMP), methamphetamine (MET), fenproporex (FEN), 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA) and 3,4-methylenedioxyethylamphetamine (MDEA) in whole blood. The validation parameters presented successful values within those recommended by the Scientific Working Group for Forensic Toxicology (SWGTox) in the Standard Practices for Method Validation in Forensic Toxicology. The limits of detection ranged from 1 to 3 ng/mL, and the limits of quantification ranged from 2 to 5 ng/mL. The determination coefficients (r(2)) ranged from 0.990 to 0.997, and the method presented good intraday and interday accuracy (from 90.4% to 97.2%) and satisfactory recovery (from 68% to 110%). No carryover was observed. The heteroscedasticity was tested, and only AMP presented homoscedasticity. Weighting factors were applied to correct the linearity of MET (1/x(2)), MDA (1/x), FEN (1/x(1/2)), MDMA (1/x(2)) and MDEA (1/y). Dilution integrity was tested at ratios of 1:2, 1:5 and 1:10, and all maintained intraday precision (from 94.9% to 99.3%) and interday precision (from 89.4% to 94.9%). The validated method was applied to six real whole blood samples from individuals suspected of consuming ecstasy, and MDMA, MDA and amphetamine were successfully identified and quantified.
- Liquid-Phase Microextraction and Gas Chromatographic-Mass Spectrometric Analysis of Antidepressants in Vitreous Humor: Study of Matrix Effect of Human and Bovine Vitreous and Saline Solution(2016) SANTOS, Marcelo Filonzi dos; YAMADA, Adrian; SEULIN, Saskia Carolina; LEYTON, Vilma; PASQUALUCCI, Carlos Augusto Goncalves; MUNOZ, Daniel Romero; YONAMINE, MauricioIn forensic bioanalytical methods, there is a general agreement that calibrators should be prepared by fortifying analytes in matrix-based blank samples (matrix-based). However, in the case of vitreous humor (VH), the collection of blank samples for the validation and for routine analysis would require the availability of many cadavers. Besides the difficulty of obtaining enough blank VH, this procedure could also represent an ethical issue. Here, a study of matrix effect was performed taking into consideration human and bovine vitreous and saline solution (SS) (NaCl 0.9%). Tricyclic antidepressants [amitriptyline (AMI), nortriptyline (NTR), imipramine (IMI) and desipramine (DES)] were used as model analytes and were extracted from samples by means of liquid-phase microextraction and detected by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Samples of human and bovine VH and SS were prepared in six different concentrations of antidepressants (5, 40, 80, 120, 160 and 200 ng/mL) and were analyzed. Relative matrix effect was evaluated by applying a two-tailed homoscedastic Student's t-test, comparing the results obtained with the set of data obtained with human VH and bovine VH and SS. No significant matrix effect was found for AMI and NTR in the three evaluated matrices. However, a great variability was observed for IMI and DES for all matrices. Once compatibilities among the matrices were demonstrated, the method was fully validated for AMI and NTR in SS. The method was applied to six VH samples deriving from real cases whose femoral whole blood (FWB) was analyzed by a previously published method. An average ratio (VH/FWB) of similar to 0.1 was found for both compounds.