BRUNO VECCHIATTO
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- Aerobic Physical Exercise Improves Exercise Tolerance and Fasting Glycemia Independent of Body Weight Change in Obese Females(2021) BOSCHETTI, Daniela; MULLER, Cynthia R.; AMERICO, Anna Laura V.; VECCHIATTO, Bruno; MARTUCCI, Luiz Felipe; PEREIRA, Renata O.; OLIVEIRA, Claudia P.; FIORINO, Patricia; EVANGELISTA, Fabiana S.; AZEVEDO-MARTINS, Anna KareninaObesity is associated with increased risk of several chronic diseases and the loss of disease-free years, which has increased the focus of much research for the discovery of therapy to combat it. Under healthy conditions, women tend to store more fat in subcutaneous deposits. However, this sexual dimorphism tends to be lost in the presence of comorbidities, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Aerobic physical exercise (APE) has been applied in the management of obesity, however, is still necessary to better understand the effects of APE in obese female. Thus, we investigated the effect of APE on body weight, adiposity, exercise tolerance and glucose metabolism in female ob/ob mice. Eight-weeks-old female wild-type C57BL/6J and leptin-deficient ob/ob mice (Lep(ob)) were distributed into three groups: wild-type sedentary group (Wt; n = 6), leptin-deficient sedentary group (Lep(ob)S; n = 5) and leptin-deficient trained group (Lep(ob)T; n = 8). The Lep(ob)T mice were subjected to 8 weeks of aerobic physical exercise (APE) at 60% of the maximum velocity achieved in the running capacity test. The APE had no effect in attenuating body weight gain, and did not reduce subcutaneous and retroperitoneal white adipose tissue (SC-WAT and RP-WAT, respectively) and interscapular brown adipose tissue (iBAT) weights. The APE neither improved glucose intolerance nor insulin resistance in the Lep(ob)T group. Also, the APE did not reduce the diameter or the area of RP-WAT adipocytes, but the APE reduced the diameter and the area of SC-WAT adipocytes, which was associated with lower fasting glycemia and islet/pancreas area ratio in the Lep(ob)T group. In addition, the APE increased exercise tolerance and this response was also associated with lower fasting glycemia in the Lep(ob)T group. In conclusion, starting APE at a later age with a more severe degree of obesity did not attenuate the excessive body weight gain, however the APE promoted benefits that can improve the female health, and for this reason it should be recommended as a non-pharmacological therapy for obesity.
- Effect of Low-Dose Progesterone on Glycemic Metabolism, Morphology and Function of Adipose Tissue and Pancreatic Islets in Diet-Induced Obese Female Mice(2023) SANTOS, Matheus P.; CAUDURO, Leonardo F. R.; FERREIRA, Marilia Marcondes; MARTUCCI, Luiz Felipe; VECCHIATTO, Bruno; VILAS-BOAS, Eloisa Aparecida; AMERICO, Anna Laura V.; PEREIRA, Renata O.; ROGERO, Marcelo Macedo; FIORINO, Patricia; EVANGELISTA, Fabiana S.; AZEVEDO-MARTINS, Anna KareninaBackground: Obesity is a worldwide concern due to its global rapid expansion and remarkable impact on individual's health by predisposing to several other diseases. About twice as many women as men suffer from severe obesity and, in fact, there are stages in a woman's life when weight gain and adiposity can result in greater damage to health. For example, obesity triples the chance of a woman developing gestational diabetes. Many hormones promote the metabolic adaptations of pregnancy, including progesterone, whose role in female obesity is still not well known despite being involved in many physiological and pathological processes. Methods: Here we investigated whether progesterone treatment at low dose can worsen the glucose metabolism and the morpho functional aspects of adipose tissue and pancreas in obese females. Mice were assigned into four groups: normocaloric diet control (NO-CO), high-fat and -fructose diet control (HFF-CO), normocaloric diet plus progesterone (NO-PG) and high-fat and -fructose diet plus progesterone (HFF-PG) for 10 weeks. Infusion of progesterone (0.25 mg/kg/day) was done by osmotic minipump in the last 21 days of protocol. Results: Animals fed a hypercaloric diet exhibited obesity with increased body weight (p < 0.0001), adipocyte hypertrophy (p < 0.0001), hyperglycemia (p = 0.03), and glucose intolerance (p = 0.001). HFF-CO and HFF-PG groups showed lower adiponectin concentration (p < 0.0001) and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (p = 0.03), without differences in islet size. Progesterone attenuated glucose intolerance in the HFFPG group (p = 0.03), however, did not change morphology or endocrine function of adipose tissue and pancreatic islets. Conclusions: Taken together, our results showed that low dose of progesterone does not worsen the effects of hypercaloric diet in glycemic metabolism, morphology and function of adipose tissue and pancreatic islets in female animals. These results may improve the understanding of the mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of obesity in women and eventually open new avenues for therapeutic strategies and better comprehension of the interactions between progesterone effects and obesity.