TANIA MARIA ALVES
Projetos de Pesquisa
Unidades Organizacionais
Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina - Médico
21 resultados
Resultados de Busca
Agora exibindo 1 - 10 de 21
conferenceObject Association between Childhood Adversity and Ultra-High Risk for Psychosis Status in a Populational Sample of Sao Paulo, Brazil(2017) LOCH, Alexandre; ALVES, Tania Maria; FREITAS, Elder Lanzani; HORTENCIO, Lucas; ANDRADE, Julio Cesar; BILT, Martinus Theodorus van de; FONTONI, Marcos Roberto; SERPA, Mauricio; CHIANCA, Camille; GATTAZ, Wagner Farid; ROESSLER, Wulf- Hearing spirits? Religiosity in individuals at risk for psychosis-Results from the Brazilian SSAPP cohort(2019) LOCH, Alexandre Andrade; FREITAS, Elder Lanzani; HORTENCIO, Lucas; CHIANCA, Camille; ALVES, Tania Maria; SERPA, Mauricio Henriques; ANDRADE, Julio Cesar; BILT, Martinus Theodorus van de; GATTAZ, Wagner Farid; ROESSLER, WulfIn the last decades, biological and environmental factors related to psychosis were investigated in individuals at ultra-risk for psychosis (UHR) to predict conversion. Although religion relates to psychosis in a variety of ways, it is understudied in subclinical samples. Therefore, we assessed the interplay between religion and prodromal symptoms in 79 UHR and 110 control individuals. They were interviewed with the Duke University Religion Index and the Structured Interview for Prodromal Syndromes (SIPS). Organizational religious activity, a measure of how often someone attends churches/temples, was positively related to perceptual abnormalities/hallucinations (Spearman's rho = 0.262, p = 0.02). This relationship was replicated in a path analysis model (beta = 0342, SE = 0.108, p = 0.002), as well as a link between organizational religious activity and lower ideational richness (beta = 0.401. SE = 0.105, p = 0.000) with no influence of sex, age, religious denomination, or socioeconomic class. Intrinsic religious activity was negatively correlated with suspiciousness (SIPS P2) (beta = -0.028, SE = 0.009, p = 0.002), and non-organizational religious activity was correlated with higher ideational richness (N5) (beta = -0220,SE = 0.097, p = 0.023). We hypothesize that subjects with subclinical psychosis may possibly use churches and other religious organizations to cope with hallucinations. Indeed, Brazil is characterized by a religious syncretism and a strong influence of Spiritism in the popular culture. The mediumistic idea that some might be able to hear and/or see spirits is probably employed to explain subclinical hallucinations in the lay knowledge. Our results emphasize the importance of assessing religion and other region-specific aspects of various cultures when studying UHR individuals. This sort of assessment would enhance understanding of differences in conversion rates, and would help to transpose prevention programs from high-income countries to other settings.
- Mindfulness Meditation Improves Mood, Quality of Life, and Attention in Adults with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder(2015) BUENO, Viviane Freire; KOZASA, Elisa H.; SILVA, Maria Aparecida da; ALVES, Tania Maria; LOUZA, Mario Rodrigues; POMPEIA, SabineObjective. Adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) display affective problems and impaired attention. Mood in ADHD can be improved by mindful awareness practices (MAP), but results are mixed regarding the enhancement of attentional performance. Here we evaluated MAP-induced changes in quality of life (QoL), mood, and attention in adult ADHD patients and controls using more measures of attention than prior studies. Methods. Twenty-one ADHD patients and 8 healthy controls underwent 8 weekly MAP sessions; 22 similar patients and 9 controls did not undergo the intervention. Mood and QoL were assessed using validated questionnaires, and attention was evaluated using the Attentional Network Test (ANT) and the Conners Continuous Performance Test (CPT II), before and after intervention. Results. MAP enhanced sustained attention (ANT) and detectability (CPT II) and improved mood and QoL of patients and controls. Conclusion. MAP is a complementary intervention that improves affect and attention of adults with ADHD and controls.
- Cognitive Patterns and Conversion in a Representative Sample of Individuals at Risk for Psychosis(2022) HADDAD, Natalia Mansur; HORTENCIO, Lucas; ANDRADE, Julio Cesar; SERPA, Mauricio Henriques; ALVES, Tania Maria; BILT, Martinus Theodorus van de; ROSSLER, Wulf; GATTAZ, Wagner Farid; LOCH, Alexandre AndradeClinical high-risk (CHR) individuals belong to a heterogeneous group, of which only a few will cross the threshold for a clinical diagnosis. Cognitive disturbances are present in CHR subjects and may be indicative of transition. Our study aims to identify such deficits in a representative CHR for psychosis sample. Our sample comprised 92 CHR individuals and 54 controls from a representative cohort of the general population. They were followed up for a mean of 2.5 years, with 15 individuals converting to schizophrenia or other Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition diagnoses. Neurocognitive assessment was performed with the University of Pennsylvania Computerized Neuropsychological Testing, and CHR status was assessed with the Structured Interview for Prodromal Syndromes (SIPS). Baseline scores were entered in a latent profile analysis model. Our study brought forward a four-class model on cognitive performance. One class displayed better performance, whereas the other three performed worse, all compared with controls. The class with lower executive function also had the highest score on disorganized communication (SIPS P5 = 1.36, p < 0.05), although unrelated to conversion. Among the low performers, the class significantly related to conversion (p = 0.023) had the highest score in decreased expression of emotion (SIPS N3 = 0.85, p < 0.05). Our study brings new and relevant data on non-help-seeking CHR individuals and the relationship between cognitive patterns and conversion. We have highlighted a specific cognitive signature, associated with negative symptoms, which represents a stable trait with presumed lower conversion to a psychiatric illness.
- Grey matter volume in elderly adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder - associations of symptoms and comorbidities with brain structures(2019) KLEIN, M.; SOUZA-DURAN, F. L.; MENEZES, A. K. P. M.; ALVES, T. M.; BUSATTO, G.; LOUZA, M.
- A dopamine receptor D2 genetic polymorphism associated with transition to mental disorders in a cohort of individuals with at-risk mental state for psychosis(2023) MARQUES, Julia Hatagami; TALIB, Leda Leme; HORTENCIO, Lucas; ANDRADE, Julio Cesar; ALVES, Tania Maria; SERPA, Mauricio Henriques; YAMAMOTO, Guilherme Lopes; BILT, Martinus Theodorus van de; ROSSLER, Wulf; GATTAZ, Wagner Farid; LOCH, Alexandre AndradeObjectives: To test the association of 45 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with transition to psychiatric disorders in a cohort of individuals at ultrahigh risk (UHR) mental state for psychosis.Methods: Through general population screening, 88 non-help-seeking UHR subjects and 130 healthy control individuals were genotyped for 45 SNPs related to psychosis. They were followed for a mean of 2.5 years, and conversion to psychotic and to general psychiatric disorders was assessed. Genotype frequencies between controls, converters, and non-converters were analyzed.Results: There were no differences in sociodemographics between controls and UHR. Also, UHR converters and non-converters had no differences in their baseline symptoms scores. The dopamine receptor D2 gene (DRD2) SNP rs6277 was significantly more common among UHR who transitioned to psychosis (p o 0.001) and to UHR who transitioned to any psychiatric disorders (p = 0.001) when compared to UHR who did not transition. The rs6277 T allele was related to psychiatric morbidity in a dose-response fashion, being significantly more frequent in UHR converters than UHR non-converters and control subjects (p = 0.003).Conclusion: Our findings suggest that rs6277 could potentially constitute a genetic marker of transition to psychiatric disorders in subjects with at-risk mental states, warranting further investigation in larger samples.
- Use of a Bayesian Network Model to predict psychiatric illness in individuals with 'at risk mental states' from a general population cohort(2022) LOCH, Alexandre Andrade; ARA, Anderson; HORTENCIO, Lucas; MARQUES, Julia Hatagami; TALIB, Leda Leme; ANDRADE, Julio Cesar; SERPA, Mauricio Henriques; SANCHEZ, Luciano; ALVES, Tania Maria; BILT, Martinus Theodorus van de; ROESSLER, Wulf; GATTAZ, Wagner FaridThe 'at risk mental state' (ARMS) paradigm has been introduced in psychiatry to study prodromal phases of schizophrenia. With time it was seen that the ARMS state can also precede mental disorders other than schizophrenia, such as depression and anxiety. However, several problems hamper the paradigm's use in preventative medicine, such as varying transition rates across studies, the use of non-naturalistic samples, and the multifactorial nature of psychiatric disorders. To strengthen ARMS predictive power, there is a need for a holistic model incorporating-in an unbiased fashion-the small-effect factors that cause mental disorders. Bayesian networks, a probabilistic graphical model, was used in a populational cohort of 83 ARMS individuals to predict conversion to psychiatric illness. Nine predictors-including state, trait, biological and environmental factors-were inputted. Dopamine receptor 2 polymorphism, high private religiosity, and childhood trauma remained in the final model, which reached an 85.51% (SD = 0.1190) accuracy level in predicting conversion. This is the first time a robust model was produced with Bayesian networks to predict psychiatric illness among at risk individuals from the general population. This could be an important tool to strengthen predictive measures in psychiatry which should be replicated in larger samples to provide the model further learning.
- Poverty, low education, and the expression of psychotic-like experiences in the general population of Sao Paulo, Brazil(2017) LOCH, Alexandre Andrade; CHIANCA, Camille; ALVES, Tania Maria; FREITAS, Elder Lanzani; HORTENCIO, Lucas; ANDRADE, Julio Cesar; BILT, Martinus Theodorus Van de; FONTONI, Marcos Roberto; SERPA, Mauricio H.; GATTAZ, Wagner Farid; ROESSLER, WulfThe aim of our study was to assess psychotic-like experiences in the general population aged 18-30 years old of the city of Sao Paulo, Brazil. A household survey was conducted with 1950 young-adults randomly drawn from the city's general population. The validated 92-item Portuguese version of the Prodromal Questionnaire (PQ) was used for face-to-face interviews. Latent class analysis was conducted. Mean age was of 24 years; 51.1% of the sample was of women. Mean total score on the PQ was 22.06 (SD = 17.16). Considering a suggested cut-off of 14 in the positive subscale, 30.8% of individuals were above the threshold for ultra-high risk for psychosis detection. Latent class analysis resulted in a three classes clusterization. Class 1 (20%; n = 390) had the highest overall PQ scores (mean = 49.31,SD = 10.783), class 2 (43%; n = 835) had intermediate scores (mean = 23.37,SD = 6.56), and class 3 (37%; n=721) had the lowest scores (mean= 5.81,SD = 3.74). Class 1 had significantly more individuals with less education and significantly more individuals with lower socioeconomic class. Poverty and low education might be associated with the psychotic expression in the general population, amplifying their actions on the psychosis gradient in developing countries. The psychosis continuum might be constituted by three distinct quantitatively different classes.
- Cognition and impulsivity in adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder with and without cocaine and/or crack dependence(2016) MIGUEL, Carmen S.; MARTINS, Paula A.; MOLEDA, Nathalya; KLEIN, Margarete; CHAIM-AVANCINI, Tiffany; GOBBO, Maria A.; ALVES, Tania M.; SILVA, Maria A.; LOUZA, Mario R.Background: Substance use disorder (SUD) is a common comorbidity in adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However,there have been few studies on cognitive profiles of these patients. Impulsivity is also commonly increased in both disorders. The central aim of this study was to compare cognition and impulsivity in subjects who had ADHD and cocaine dependence (ADHD + COC group) to those with ADHD only (ADHD-noSUD group). We hypothesized that the ADHD + COC group would show more marked cognitive dysfunction and greater impulsivity than their counterparts with ADHD only. Methods: A total of 70 adult patients diagnosed with ADHD according to (DSM-IV-TR) criteria were enrolled; 36 with ADHD + COC and 34 with ADHD-noSUD. All study participants were evaluated with a sociodemographic questionnaire; the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview; the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale; the Addiction Severity Index; the Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test; the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale; and a comprehensive neurocognitive battery. Results: Compared to individuals with ADHD-noSUD, ADHD + COC individuals had significantly lower mean IQ and higher motor impulsivity. On average, the ADHD + COC group also performed more poorly on tasks assessing verbal skills, vigilance, implicit learning during decision making, and ADHD-noSUD performed more poorly on selective attention, information processing, and visual search. Conclusions: Our results support the integrative theory of ADHD based on the cognitive and affective neuroscience model, and suggests that ADHD-noSUD patients have impairments in cognitive regulation, while ADHD + COC patients have impairments in both cognitive and affective regulation.
conferenceObject PERCEPTUAL ABNORMALITIES AND RELIGIOSITY IN ULTRA HIGH-RISK FOR PSYCHOSIS (UHR) INDIVIDUALS IN A LATIN AMERICAN POPULATIONAL SAMPLE RESULTS FROM THE SAO PAULO SSAPP COHORT(2018) LOCH, Alexandre; CHIANCA, Camille; FREITAS, Elder Lanzani; ANDRADE, Julio Cesar; ALVES, Tania Maria; SERPA, Mauricio Henriques; HORTENCIO, Lucas; BILT, Martinus Theodorus van de; GATTAZ, Wagner; ROSSLER, Wulf
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