HERMANO TAVARES
Projetos de Pesquisa
Unidades Organizacionais
Departamento de Psiquiatria, Faculdade de Medicina - Docente
LIM/23 - Laboratório de Psicopatologia e Terapêutica Psiquiátrica, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina
LIM/23 - Laboratório de Psicopatologia e Terapêutica Psiquiátrica, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina
26 resultados
Resultados de Busca
Agora exibindo 1 - 10 de 26
- Pathological jealousy and pathological love: Apples to apples or apples to oranges?(2018) STRAVOGIANNIS, Andrea Lorena da C.; KIM, Hyoun S.; SOPHIA, Eglacy C.; SANCHES, Cintia; ZILBERMAN, Monica L.; TAVARES, HermanoPathological jealousy evokes emotions, thoughts, and behaviors that cause damage to social and interpersonal relationships. On the other hand, pathological love is the uncontrollable behavior of caring for a partner that results in neglecting the needs of the self. The aim of the present research was to assess the similarities and differences between the two psychopathologies of love. To this end, thirty-two individuals with pathological jealousy and 33 individuals with pathological love were compared on demographics, aspects of romantic relationship (jealousy, satisfaction, love style), psychiatric co-morbidities, personality and psychological characteristics (e.g., impulsivity). In a univariate analysis individuals with pathological jealousy were more likely to be in a current relationship and reported greater satisfaction. The avoidant attachment and the ludus love style were associated with pathological jealousy whereas the secure attachment and agape love style was associated with pathological love. Almost three-quarters (72.3%) of the sample met criteria for a current psychiatric disorder, however no differences emerged between the pathological jealousy and pathological love groups. In a binary logistic regression, relationship status and impairments in parenting significantly differentiated the groups. While both pathological jealousy and pathological love share similarities, they also present with unique differences, which may have important treatment implications.
- Examining the Gambling-Related Harms, Gambling Disorder, and Player Characteristics of Jogo do Bicho (an Illegal National Lottery) in a Representative Sample of Brazilian Lottery Players(2024) KIM, Hyoun S.; SANCHES, Marcos; MARIANI, Mirella Martins de Castro; HODGINS, David C.; TAVARES, HermanoWe investigated the demographics, gambling-related harms, and risk for gambling disorder (GD) associated with an illegal national lottery-type game called Jogo do Bicho that is culturally unique to Brazil in a sample of 5407 representative Brazilian lottery players. Participants reported on demographics, gambling behaviors, gambling-related harms, and GD. A total of 27.0% of the participants reported playing Jogo do Bicho in the past year. Jogo do Bicho was associated with greater risk of GD with 5.7% of current Jogo do Bicho players meeting diagnostic criteria. Jogo do Bicho was also associated with greater gambling-related harms. Older participants, males, individuals who self-identified as Black, and who were widowed were more likely to be current Jogo do Bicho players. Jogo do Bicho is a popular activity among legal lottery players in Brazil despite its illegal status and is associated with greater harms and increased risk of GD.
- Impairments of kleptomania: what are they?(2017) KIM, Hyoun S.; CHRISTIANINI, Aparecida Rangon; HODGINS, David C.; TAVARES, Hermano
- The need to consume: Hoarding as a shared psychological feature of compulsive buying and binge eating(2018) MATTOS, Cristiana Nicoli de; KIM, Hyoun S.; LACROIX, Emilie; REQUIAO, Marinalva; FILOMENSKY, Tatiana Zambrano; HODGINS, David C.; TAVARES, HermanoIntroduction: Compulsive buying and binge eating are two frequently co-occurring psychiatric conditions. Hoarding, which is the psychological need to excessively gather and store items, is frequently associated with both compulsive buying severity and binge eating severity. In the present study, we explored whether different dimensions of hoarding are a shared feature of compulsive buying and binge eating. Method: Participants consisted of 434 people seeking treatment for compulsive buying disorder. Registered psychiatrists confirmed the diagnosis of compulsive buying through semi-structured clinical interviews. Participants also completed measures to assess compulsive buying severity, binge eating severity, and dimensions of hoarding (acquisition, difficulty discarding, and clutter). Two-hundred and seven participants completed all three measures. Results: Significant correlations were found between compulsive buying severity and the acquisition dimension of hoarding. Binge eating severity was significantly correlated with all three dimensions of hoarding. Hierarchical regression analysis found that compulsive buying severity was a significant predictor of binge eating severity. However, compulsive buying severity no longer predicted binge eating severity when the dimensions of hoarding were included simultaneously in the model. Clutter was the only subscale of hoarding to predict binge eating severity in step two of the regression analysis. Conclusion: Our results suggest that the psychological need to excessively gather and store items may constitute a shared process that is important in understanding behaviors characterized by excessive consumption such as compulsive buying and binge eating.
- Gender Differences in Compulsive Buying Disorder: Assessment of Demographic and Psychiatric Co-Morbidities(2016) MATTOS, Cristiana Nicoli de; KIM, Hyoun S.; REQUIAO, Marinalva G.; MARASALDI, Renata F.; FILOMENSKY, Tatiana Z.; HODGINS, David C.; TAVARES, HermanoCompulsive buying is a common disorder found worldwide. Although recent research has shed light into the prevalence, etiology and clinical correlates of compulsive buying disorder, less is known about gender differences. To address this empirical gap, we assessed potential gender differences in demographic and psychiatric co-morbidities in a sample of 171 compulsive buyers (20 men and 151 women) voluntarily seeking treatment in Sao Paulo, Brazil. A structured clinical interview confirmed the diagnosis of compulsive buying. Of the 171 participants, 95.9% (n = 164) met criteria for at least one co-morbid psychiatric disorder. The results found that male and female compulsive buyers did not differ in problem severity as assessed by the Compulsive Buying Scale. However, several significant demographic and psychiatric differences were found in a multivariate binary logistic regression. Specifically, male compulsive buyers were more likely to report being non-heterosexual, and reported fewer years of formal education. In regards to psychiatric co-morbidities, male compulsive buyers were more likely to be diagnosed with sexual addiction, and intermittent explosive disorder. Conversely, men had lower scores on the shopping subscale of the Shorter PROMIS Questionnaire. The results suggest that male compulsive buyers are more likely to present with co-morbid psychiatric disorders. Treatment planning for compulsive buying disorder would do well to take gender into account to address for potential psychiatric co-morbidities.
- A scoping review of the association between loot boxes, esports, skin betting, and token wagering with gambling and video gaming behaviors(2023) KIM, Hyoun S.; LESLIE, R. Diandra; STEWART, Sherry H.; KING, Daniel L.; DEMETROVICS, Zsolt; ANDRADE, Andre Luiz Monezi; CHOI, Jung-Seok; TAVARES, Hermano; ALMEIDA, Brittany; HODGINS, David C.Background and aims: Many new digital gambling-like activities such as loot boxes, esports betting, skin betting, and token wagering have recently emerged and grown in popularity. This scoping review aimed to: (a) synthesize the existing empirical research literature on gambling-like activities and their associations with gambling and video gaming behaviors, including problem gambling and video gaming; (b) identify sociodemographic, psychological, and motivational factors associated with engagement in gambling-like activities; and (c) identify research gaps and areas for further research. Methods: A systematic search of Ovid, Embsco, and ProQuest databases and Google Scholar was conducted in May 2021 and last updated in February 2022. The search yielded a total of 2,437 articles. Articles were included in the review if they were empirical studies that contained quantitative or qualitative results regarding the relationship between gambling-like activities and gambling or gaming. Results: Thirtyeight articles met inclusion criteria and were included in the review. Overall, the review results suggest that all forms of gambling-like activities were positively associated with gambling and gaming with small to medium effects. Gambling-like activity participation was also positively associated with mental distress and impulsivity. Gaps identified included a lack of inquiry into skin betting and token wagering, a lack of diversity in the research methods (i.e., mainly cross-sectional surveys), and a paucity of research that includes more ethnically, culturally, and geographically diverse populations. Discussion: Longitudinal studies with more representative samples are needed to examine the causal link between gambling-like activities and gambling and video gaming.
- Dual diagnosis of obsessive compulsive and compulsive buying disorders: Demographic, clinical, and psychiatric correlates(2018) KIM, Hyoun S.; HODGINS, David C.; TORRES, Albina R.; FONTENELLE, Leonardo F.; ROSARIO, Maria Conceicao do; MATHIS, Maria Alice de; FERRAO, Ygor A.; MIGUEL, Euripedes C.; TAVARES, HermanoAim: The present research assessed the rates as well as the demographic, clinical, and psychiatric correlates associated with comorbid obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and compulsive buying disorder (CBD). Method: Participants were drawn from a large (N = 993) multi-center study of people seeking treatment for their OCD. The diagnoses of psychiatric disorders were made using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM by registered psychologists and psychiatrists. The clinical correlates, including the severity and presence of OCD symptoms and dimensions were assessed using psychometrically sound measures. Results: 75 (7.5%) participants met criteria for comorbid CBD. The results of binary logistic regression found that women were more likely to present with comorbid CBD, whereas being a student was a protective factor. The presence of hoarding dimension, poorer insight, social phobia, binge eating disorder, internet use disorder and kleptomania were significantly associated with comorbid CBD. Conclusion: The results suggest that individuals with a dual diagnosis of OCD and CBD may represent a unique clinical population that warrants tailored interventions. Specifically, they were more likely to present with other psychiatric disorders characterized by high levels of impulsivity and compulsivity. Targeting psychological mechanisms common to impulsivity-compulsivity disorders may enhance treatment utility in this dual diagnosis population.
- Neuroimaging of Dopamine Transporter Density in the Striatum of Disordered Gamblers(2023) GUERRA, Renata Faro; BATISTA, Ilza Rosa; KIM, Hyoun S.; HOEXTER, Marcelo Queiroz; SHIH, Ming Chi; BRESSAN, Rodrigo Affonseca; TAVARES, HermanoThe aim of the present research was to add to the growing literature on dopamine and gambling disorder (GD) by assessing whether GD is associated with dopamine transporter (DAT) density in the ventral striatum compared to healthy controls and whether DAT density was associated with key characteristics of GD (e.g., abstinence, craving). In a cross-sectional investigation using single-photon emission computed tomography with a technetium-(99)m-labeled tropane derivative as a radiotracer with SPECT imaging, fifteen participants with GD and 15 controls (non-gambling individuals, matched for age, gender, handedness, and smoking status) were measured. The GD group completed self-reported questionnaires regarding gambling. Striatal DAT density did not differ between the two groups. Conversely, striatal DAT density correlated significantly with various measures of recent gambling, but not with measures of chronic gambling. Multivariate analysis, adjusted for age and smoking status, showed that DAT density in the left striatum correlated positively with time spent gambling and gambling craving in the last month, whereas DAT density in the right striatum correlated negatively with abstinence self-efficacy. The results suggests that DAT density in the striatum is associated with recent gambling activity and gambling expectation.
- Uncovering Underlying Processes Before Illusion of Control Begins in Gambling Disorder: A Pilot Study(2020) BERG, Raquel; KIM, Hyoun S.; HODGINS, David C.; TAVARES, HermanoGambling Disorder (GD) is characterized by persistent betting even in face of accruing debts and psychosocial hardship. Gambling Disorder behavior has been linked to conditioning, cognitive distortions and superstitious behavior. Previous studies have demonstrated that during response-outcome analytical tests (ROAT), non-gambling individuals are precluded from response extinction when failure feedback is suppressed, and develop superstitious behaviors and illusion of control instead. Gambling can be regarded as a ROAT paradigm in which disordered gamblers (DGs) fail to compute failure feedback; hence they do not perceive the independence between response and outcome. In order to investigate early phenomena on response and outcome processing in DGs, we developed two short ROAT versions, one with a controllable outcome and one with an uncontrollable outcome, both with explicit failure feedback. Twenty DGs and twenty healthy controls were assessed using this novel paradigm. Compared to controls, DGs reported higher distress during the controllable ROAT, less self-confidence in the uncontrollable ROAT, and more random responses and less use of analytical strategies in both tests, evidencing potential deficits in cognitive control. In contrast to previous findings, DGs did not demonstrate more superstitious beliefs, or illusion of control, and were generally more skeptical than controls regarding the controllability of both ROAT versions. Taken together, our findings provide some support for deficits in cognitive control in GD that precede illusion of control and superstitious behaviors.
- The impact of an exercise program as a treatment for gambling disorder: A randomized controlled trial(2018) PENNA, Ana Claudia; KIM, Hyoun S.; BRITO, Antonio Marcelo Cabrita de; TAVARES, HermanoPhysical activity has been shown to lead to an array of improvements in physical and psychological functioning. It is unknown, however, whether an exercise program may have utility as a standalone treatment of gambling disorder due to the paucity of studies, small sample sizes and lack of control groups. The aim of the present research was to address these empirical gaps by conducting a randomized controlled trial testing the effects of exercise for the treatment of gambling disorder compared to an active control group (stretching). The primary outcomes were gambling severity and psychiatric comorbidities, while the secondary outcome consisted of gambling craving. Fifty-nine participants with a confirmed diagnosis of gambling disorder underwent eight weeks of exercise, consisting of 50-min sessions (10-min stretching plus 40-min running at 70-85% of the estimated maximum heart rate for age, twice a week) (n = 32) or 50-min group stretching sessions twice a week (n = 27). Gambling-related constructs were measured using psychometrically sound measures. Psychiatric co-morbidities were assessed using structured clinical interviews. Cooper's test and heart rate monitors were used to ensure participants met the target heart rate. The results found an overall time effect on both primary and secondary outcomes. No significant differences were observed between the treatment and control group in gambling severity. Conversely, greater improvements in psychiatric comorbidities were observed for the treatment group. The results suggest that exercise may represent a cost-effective and accessible adjunctive intervention in the treatment of co-occurring psychiatric comorbidities among people with GD.
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