RODRIGO MACHADO VIEIRA
Projetos de Pesquisa
Unidades Organizacionais
LIM/27 - Laboratório de Neurociências, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina
107 resultados
Resultados de Busca
Agora exibindo 1 - 10 de 107
- Long-term NMDAR antagonism correlates reduced astrocytic glutamate uptake with anxiety-like phenotype(2015) ZIMMER, Eduardo R.; TORREZ, Vitor R.; KALININE, Eduardo; AUGUSTIN, Marina C.; ZENKI, Kamila C.; ALMEIDA, Roberto F.; HANSEL, Gisele; MULLER, Alexandre P.; SOUZA, Diogo O.; MACHADO-VIEIRA, Rodrigo; PORTELA, Luis V.The role of glutamate N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) hypofunction has been extensively studied in schizophrenia; however, less is known about its role in anxiety disorders. Recently, it was demonstrated that astrocytic GLT-1 blockade leads to an anxiety-like phenotype. Although astrocytes are capable of modulating NMDAR activity through glutamate uptake transporters, the relationship between astrocytic glutamate uptake and the development of an anxiety phenotype remains poorly explored. Here, we aimed to investigative whether long-term antagonism of NMDAR impacts anxiety-related behaviors and astrocytic glutamate uptake. Memantine, an NMDAR antagonist, was administered daily for 24 days to healthy adult CF-1 mice by oral gavage at doses of 5, 10, or 20 mg/kg. The mice were submitted to a sequential battery of behavioral tests (open field, light dark box and elevated plus-maze tests). We then evaluated glutamate uptake activity and the immunocontents of glutamate transporters in the frontoparietal cortex and hippocampus. Our results demonstrated that long-term administration of memantine induces anxiety-like behavior in mice in the light dark box and elevated plus-maze paradigms. Additionally, the administration of memantine decreased glutamate uptake activity in both the frontoparietal cortex and hippocampus without altering the immunocontent of either GLT-1 or GLAST. Remarkably, the memantine-induced reduction in glutamate uptake was correlated with enhancement of an anxiety-like phenotype. In conclusion, long-term NMDAR antagonism with memantine induces anxiety-like behavior that is associated with reduced glutamate uptake activity but that is not dependent on GLT-1 or GLAST protein expression. Our study suggests that NMDAR and glutamate uptake hypofunction may contribute to the development of conditions that fall within the category of anxiety disorders.
conferenceObject Increased GDNF but not BDNF Plasma Levels in Type II Compared to Type I Bipolar Disorder(2013) ZANETTI, Marcus V.; TEIXEIRA, Antonio L.; CHAIM, Tiffany M.; SOUSA, Rafael T. de; TALIB, Leda L.; GATTAZ, Wagner F.; BUSATTO, Geraldo F.; MACHADO-VIEIRA, RodrigoBackground: The brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a neurotrophin important for synaptic plasticity and neurogenesis, whereas the glial cell-line derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) modulates the activity of monoaminergic neurons and glial cells. Previous works have suggested that abnormal peripheral levels of these proteins might relate to different mood states in bipolar disorder (BD), but none study so far have evaluated it with regard to potential differences between the types I (BD-I) and II (BD-II) subtypes of the disorder. Methods: Eighteen BD-I and 19 BD-II patients presenting with an acute mood episode (depressive, manic or mixed), and 23 healthy controls were studied. Plasma levels of BDNF and GDNF were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: BD-II individuals showed significantly increased levels of GDNF compared to both BD-I patients and controls (ANOVA, df=2, F= 5.74, p=0.005; Tukey for post hoc comparisons). When we focused our analysis on the treatment-naïve patients only (14 BD-I and 13 BD-II), this result became even more significant (ANOVA, df=2, F= 7.33, p=0.002). No significant between-groups differences were observed on BDNF levels. Also, no significant correlation was observed between BDNF or GDNF levels and depressive and manic symptoms. Conclusions: BD-II at an acute phase of the illness is associated with increased plasma levels of GDNF. Previous use of mood stabilizer and antipsychotic agents might produce a chronic effect on GDNF production.- Increased Brain Lactate During Depressive Episodes and Reversal Effects by Lithium Monotherapy in Drug-Naive Bipolar Disorder A 3-T H-1-MRS Study(2017) MACHADO-VIEIRA, Rodrigo; ZANETTI, Marcus V.; OTADUY, Maria C.; SOUSA, Rafael T. De; SOEIRO-DE-SOUZA, Marcio G.; COSTA, Alana C.; CARVALHO, Andre F.; LEITE, Claudia C.; BUSATTO, Geraldo F.; ZARATE JR., Carlos A.; GATTAZ, Wagner F.Objective: Mitochondrial dysfunction and energy metabolism impairment are key components in the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder (BD) and may involve a shift from aerobic to anaerobic metabolism. Measurement of brain lactate in vivo using protonmagnetic resonance spectroscopy (H-1-MRS) represents an important tool to evaluate mitochondrial and metabolic dysfunction during mood episodes, as well as to monitor treatment response. To date, very few studies have quantified brain lactate in BD. In addition, no study has longitudinally evaluated lactate using H-1-MRS during depressive episodes or its association with mood stabilizer therapy. This study aimed to evaluate cingulate cortex (CC) lactate using 3-T H-1-MRS during acute depressive episodes in BD and the possible effects induced by lithium monotherapy. Methods: Twenty medication-free outpatients with short length of BD (80% drug-naive) in a current major depressive episode were matched with control subjects. Patients were treated for 6 weeks with lithium monotherapy at therapeutic doses in an open-label trial (blood level, 0.48 +/- 0.19 mmol/L). Cingulate cortex lactate was measured before (week 0) and after lithium therapy (week 6) using H-1-MRS. Antidepressant efficacy was assessed with the 21-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale as the primary outcome. Results: Subjects with BD depression showed a significantly higher CC lactate in comparison to control subjects. Furthermore, a significant decrease in CC lactate was observed after 6 weeks of lithium treatment compared with baseline (P = 0.002). CC Lactate levels was associated with family history of mood disorders and plasma lithium levels. Conclusions: This is the first report of increased CC lactate in patients with bipolar depression and lower levels after lithium monotherapy for 6 weeks. These findings indicate a shift to anaerobic metabolism and a role for lactate as a state marker during mood episodes. Energy and redox dysfunction may represent key targets for lithium's therapeutic actions.
- Bcl-2 rs956572 Polymorphism is Associated with Increased Anterior Cingulate Cortical Glutamate in Euthymic Bipolar I Disorder(2013) SOEIRO-DE-SOUZA, Marcio Gerhardt; SALVADORE, Giacomo; MORENO, Ricardo Alberto; OTADUY, Maria Concepcion Garcia; CHAIM, Kalil T.; GATTAZ, Wagner F.; ZARATE JR., Carlos A.; MACHADO-VIEIRA, RodrigoB-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) is an important regulator of cellular plasticity and resilience. In bipolar disorder (BD), studies have shown a key role for a Bcl-2 gene single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs956572 in the regulation of intracellular calcium (Ca2+) dynamics, Bcl-2 expression/levels, and vulnerability to cellular apoptosis. At the same time, Bcl-2 decreases glutamate (Glu) toxicity in neural cells. Abnormalities in Glu function have been implicated in BD. In magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) studies, anterior cingulated cortex (ACC) Glu levels have been reported to be increased in bipolar depression and mania, but no study specifically evaluated ACC Glu levels in BD-euthymia. Here, we compared ACC Glu levels in BD-euthymia compared with healthy subjects using H-1-MRS and also evaluated the selective role of the rs956572 Bcl-2 SNP in modulating ACC Glu and Glx (sum of Glu and glutamine) in euthymic-BD. Forty euthymic subjects with BD type 1 and forty healthy controls aged 18-40 were evaluated. All participants were genotyped for Bcl-2 rs956572 and underwent a 3-Tesla brain magnetic resonance imaging examination including the acquisition of an in vivo PRESS single voxel (2 cm(3)) H-1-MRS sequence to obtain metabolite levels from the ACC. Euthymic-BD subjects had higher Glu/Cre (creatine) and Glx/Cre compared with healthy controls. The Bcl-2 SNP AA genotype was associated with elevated ACC Glu/Cre and Glx/Cre ratio in the BD group but not in controls. The present study reports for the first time an increase in ACC Glu/Cre and Glx/Cre ratios in BD-euthymia. Also, Bcl-2 AA genotype, previously associated with lower Bcl-2 expression and increase intracellular Ca2+, showed to be associated with increased ACC Glu and Glx levels in euthymic-BD subjects. The present findings reinforce a key role for glutamatergic system dysfunction in the pathophysiology of BD, potentially involving modulatory effects by Bcl-2 in the ACC. Neuropsychopharmacology (2013) 38, 468-475; doi:10.1038/npp.2012.203; published online 17 October 2012
conferenceObject Increased Anterior Cingulate Glutamate Levels in Euthymic Bipolar I Disorder: A 1h MRS Study(2012) SOEIRO-DE-SOUZA, Marcio G.; OTADUY, Maria C. G.; LEITE, Claudia C.; MACHADO-VIEIRA, Rodrigo; MORENO, Ricardo- Lithium efficacy in bipolar depression with flexible dosing: A six-week, open-label, proof-of-concept study(2014) MACHADO-VIEIRA, Rodrigo; ZANETTI, Marcus V.; SOUSA, Rafael T. De; SOEIRO-DE-SOUZA, Marcio G.; MORENO, Ricardo A.; BUSATTO, Geraldo F.; GATTAZ, Wagner F.Lithium has a narrow therapeutic index with a subtle balance between effectiveness and adverse effects. Current guidelines recommend the use of lithium as a treatment for acute bipolar depression; however, the therapeutic range for the treatment has not been fully defined. Recently, the adjunctive lower lithium dose in bipolar depression has revealed potential efficacy; however, no study has investigated it predominantly in monotherapy. In this open-label, proof-of-concept study, 31 individuals with bipolar disorder during a depressive episode were randomized and 29 were followed up for six weeks with flexible lithium dosing. All subjects had a 21-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D) score of >= 18 at baseline. Subjects were divided into two groups, with higher (Li >= 0.5 mEq/l) or lower (Li <0.5 mEq/l) blood lithium levels. Response and remission rates were evaluated using the HAM-D scores. Following 6 weeks of lithium treatment, the remission rate for all patients was 62.0%. The plasma lithium levels did not impact the clinical response. However, subjects with higher blood lithium levels had an increased prevalence of nausea, restlessness, headaches and cognitive complaints. The results indicate that the lithium dose for the treatment of bipolar depression in an individual should be based on the clinical efficacy and side-effects. In the context of personalized psychiatric treatments, it is necessary to evaluate the therapeutic action of lithium with individual regimens in order to develop more tolerable and effective treatment approaches.
conferenceObject Lithium Monotherapy Increases Nitric Oxide Levels During Depressive Episodes in Bipolar Disorder(2013) SOUSA, Rafael T. de; ZANETTI, Marcus V.; MOURO, Margaret G.; HIGA, Elisa M. S.; GATTAZ, Wagner F.; MACHADO-VIEIRA, RodrigoBackground: Nitric Oxide (NO) is precursor of peroxynitrite, a molecule which causes oxidative stress. Several studies have associated bipolar disorder (BD) with altered NO and oxidative stress. Besides that, evidences suggest a dual role of NO in depression, since both increase or decrease in NO levels have been associated with antidepressant efficacy in preclinical models. The present study evaluates NO in subjects with bipolar depression before and after a 6-week lithium treatment. Also, NO in patients and controls was compared. Methods: Patients with BD in a depressive episode (n=22) were treated with lithium monotherapy for 6 weeks. Blood samples were collected at baseline and after 6-week lithium treatment, also compared to healthy controls (n=28). NO in patients at baseline and at endpoint and in healthy controls was measured with chemiluminescence method. Results: Patients in a depressive episode had an increase in NO levels from baseline to endpoint (Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test, z=-2.11, p=0.035). NO levels showed no difference in patients compared to healthy controls. Conclusions: This is the first study evaluating lithium effects on NO levels. Increased NO after lithium treatment suggests a potential role of NO pathways in the therapeutics of mood disorders.- Multiple levels of impaired neural plasticity and cellular resilience in bipolar disorder: Developing treatments using an integrated translational approach(2014) MACHADO-VIEIRA, Rodrigo; SOEIRO-DE-SOUZA, Marcio G.; RICHARDS, Erica M.; TEIXEIRA, Antonio L.; ZARATE JR., Carlos A.Objectives. This paper reviews the neurobiology of bipolar disorder (BD), particularly findings associated with impaired cellular resilience and plasticity. Methods. PubMed/Medline articles and book chapters published over the last 20 years were identified using the following keyword combinations: BD, calcium, cytokines, endoplasmic reticulum (ER), genetics, glucocorticoids, glutamate, imaging, ketamine, lithium, mania, mitochondria, neuroplasticity, neuroprotection, neurotrophic, oxidative stress, plasticity, resilience, and valproate. Results. BD is associated with impaired cellular resilience and synaptic dysfunction at multiple levels, associated with impaired cellular resilience and plasticity. These findings were partially prevented or even reversed with the use of mood stabilizers, but longitudinal studies associated with clinical outcome remain scarce. Conclusions. Evidence consistently suggests that BD involves impaired neural plasticity and cellular resilience at multiple levels. This includes the genetic and intra-and intercellular signalling levels, their impact on brain structure and function, as well as the final translation into behaviour/cognitive changes. Future studies are expected to adopt integrated translational approaches using a variety of methods (e.g., microarray approaches, neuroimaging, genetics, electrophysiology, and the new generation of -omics techniques). These studies will likely focus on more precise diagnoses and a personalized medicine paradigm in order to develop better treatments for those who need them most.
- Using structural MRI to identify bipolar disorders-13 site machine learning study in 3020 individuals from the ENIGMA Bipolar Disorders Working Group(2020) NUNES, Abraham; SCHNACK, Hugo G.; CHING, Christopher R. K.; AGARTZ, Ingrid; AKUDJEDU, Theophilus N.; ALDA, Martin; ALNAES, Dag; ALONSO-LANA, Silvia; BAUER, Jochen; BAUNE, Bernhard T.; BOEN, Erlend; BONNIN, Caterina del Mar; BUSATTO, Geraldo F.; CANALES-RODRIGUEZ, Erick J.; CANNON, Dara M.; CASERAS, Xavier; CHAIM-AVANCINI, Tiffany M.; DANNLOWSKI, Udo; DIAZ-ZULUAGA, Ana M.; DIETSCHE, Bruno; Nhat Trung Doan; DUCHESNAY, Edouard; ELVSASHAGEN, Torbjorn; EMDEN, Daniel; EYLER, Lisa T.; FATJO-VILAS, Mar; FAVRE, Pauline; FOLEY, Sonya F.; FULLERTON, Janice M.; GLAHN, David C.; GOIKOLEA, Jose M.; GROTEGERD, Dominik; HAHN, Tim; HENRY, Chantal; HIBAR, Derrek P.; HOUENOU, Josselin; HOWELLS, Fleur M.; JAHANSHAD, Neda; KAUFMANN, Tobias; KENNEY, Joanne; KIRCHER, Tilo T. J.; KRUG, Axel; V, Trine Lagerberg; LENROOT, Rhoshel K.; LOPEZ-JARAMILLO, Carlos; MACHADO-VIEIRA, Rodrigo; MALT, Ulrik F.; MCDONALD, Colm; MITCHELL, Philip B.; MWANGI, Benson; NABULSI, Leila; OPEL, Nils; OVERS, Bronwyn J.; PINEDA-ZAPATA, Julian A.; POMAROL-CLOTET, Edith; REDLICH, Ronny; ROBERTS, Gloria; ROSA, Pedro G.; SALVADOR, Raymond; SATTERTHWAITE, Theodore D.; SOARES, Jair C.; STEIN, Dan J.; TEMMINGH, Henk S.; TRAPPENBERG, Thomas; UHLMANN, Anne; HAREN, Neeltje E. M. van; VIETA, Eduard; WESTLYE, Lars T.; WOLF, Daniel H.; YUEKSEL, Dilara; ZANETTI, Marcus V.; ANDREASSEN, Ole A.; THOMPSON, Paul M.; HAJEK, TomasBipolar disorders (BDs) are among the leading causes of morbidity and disability. Objective biological markers, such as those based on brain imaging, could aid in clinical management of BD. Machine learning (ML) brings neuroimaging analyses to individual subject level and may potentially allow for their diagnostic use. However, fair and optimal application of ML requires large, multi-site datasets. We applied ML (support vector machines) to MRI data (regional cortical thickness, surface area, subcortical volumes) from 853 BD and 2167 control participants from 13 cohorts in the ENIGMA consortium. We attempted to differentiate BD from control participants, investigated different data handling strategies and studied the neuroimaging/clinical features most important for classification. Individual site accuracies ranged from 45.23% to 81.07%. Aggregate subject-level analyses yielded the highest accuracy (65.23%, 95% CI = 63.47-67.00, ROC-AUC = 71.49%, 95% CI = 69.39-73.59), followed by leave-one-site-out cross-validation (accuracy = 58.67%, 95% CI = 56.70-60.63). Meta-analysis of individual site accuracies did not provide above chance results. There was substantial agreement between the regions that contributed to identification of BD participants in the best performing site and in the aggregate dataset (Cohen's Kappa = 0.83, 95% CI = 0.829-0.831). Treatment with anticonvulsants and age were associated with greater odds of correct classification. Although short of the 80% clinically relevant accuracy threshold, the results are promising and provide a fair and realistic estimate of classification performance, which can be achieved in a large, ecologically valid, multi-site sample of BD participants based on regional neurostructural measures. Furthermore, the significant classification in different samples was based on plausible and similar neuroanatomical features. Future multi-site studies should move towards sharing of raw/voxelwise neuroimaging data.
- Regulation of leukocyte tricarboxylic acid cycle in drug-naive Bipolar Disorder(2015) SOUSA, Rafael T. de; STRECK, Emilio L.; FORLENZA, Orestes V.; BRUNONI, Andre R.; ZANETTI, Marcus V.; FERREIRA, Gabriela K.; DINIZ, Breno S.; PORTELA, Luis V.; CARVALHO, Andre F.; ZARATE JR., Carlos A.; GATTAZ, Wagner F.; MACHADO-VIEIRA, RodrigoSeveral lines of evidence suggest a role for mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder (BD). The tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA cycle) is fundamental for mitochondrial energy production and produces substrates used in oxidative phosphorylation by the mitochondrial electron transport chain. The activity of the key TCA cycle enzymes citrate synthase, malate dehydrogenase, and succinate dehydrogenase has never been evaluated in BD. In the present study, these enzymes were assayed from leukocytes of drug-naive BD patients in a major depressive episode (n = 18) and compared to 24 age-matched healthy controls. Drug-naive BD patients did not show differences in activities of citrate synthase (p = 0.79), malate dehydrogenase (p = 0.17), and succinate dehydrogenase (p = 0.35) compared with healthy controls. No correlation between any TCA cycle enzyme activity and severity of depressive symptoms was observed. Overall, these data suggest that the activities of the TCA cycle enzymes are not altered in major depressive episodes of recent-onset BD, which may support the concept of illness staging and neuroprogression in BD.