FABIO LUIS DE SOUZA DURAN
Projetos de Pesquisa
Unidades Organizacionais
LIM/21 - Laboratório de Neuroimagem em Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina
6 resultados
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- Structural brain abnormalities in patients with type I bipolar disorder and suicidal behavior(2017) DUARTE, Dante G. G.; NEVES, Maila de Castro L.; ALBUQUERQUE, Maicon R.; TURECKI, Gustavo; DING, Yang; SOUZA-DURAN, Fabio Luis de; BUSATTO, Gerald; CORREA, HumbertoSome studies have identified brain morphological changes in the frontolimbic network (FLN) in bipolar subjects who attempt suicide (SA). The present study investigated neuroanatomical abnormalities in the FLN to find a possible neural signature for suicidal behavior in patients with bipolar disorder type I (BD-I). We used voxel-based morphometry to compare euthymic patients with BD-I who had attempted suicide (n = 20), who had not attempted suicide (n = 19) and healthy controls (HCs) (n = 20). We also assessed the highest medical lethality of their previous SA. Compared to the participants who had not attempted suicide, the patients with BD-I who had attempted suicide exhibited significantly increased gray matter volume (GMV) in the right rostral anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), which was more pronounced and extended further to the left ACC in the high-lethality subgroup (p < 0.05, with family-wise error (FWE) correction for multiple comparisons using small-volume correction). GMV in the insula and orbitofrontal cortex was also related to suicide lethality (p < 0.05, FWE-corrected). The current findings suggest that morphological changes in the FLN could be a signature of previous etiopathogenic processes affecting regions related to suicidality and its severity in BD-I patients.
- Prefrontal-Parietal White Matter Volumes in Healthy Elderlies Are Decreased in Proportion to the Degree of Cardiovascular Risk and Related to Inhibitory Control Deficits(2017) SANTOS, Pedro P.; SILVEIRA, Paula S. Da; SOUZA-DURAN, Fabio L.; TAMASHIRO-DURAN, Jaqueline H.; SCAZUFCA, Marcia; MENEZES, Paulo R.; LEITE, Claudia Da Costa; LOTUFO, Paulo A.; VALLADA, Homero; WAJNGARTEN, Mauricio; ALVES, Tania C. De Toledo Ferraz; RZEZAK, Patricia; BUSATTO, Geraldo F.Cardiovascular risk (CVR) factors may be associated with poor cognitive functioning in elderlies and impairments in brain structure. Using MRI and voxel-based morphometry (VBM), we assessed regional white matter (WM) volumes in a population-based sample of individuals aged 65-75 years (n = 156), subdivided in three CVR subgroups using the Framingham Risk Score. Cognition was assessed using the Short Cognitive Performance Test. In high-risk subjects, we detected significantly reduced WM volume in the right juxtacortical dorsolateral prefrontal region compared to both low and intermediate CVR subgroups. Findings remained significant after accounting for the presence of the APOE epsilon 4 allele. Inhibitory control performance was negatively related to right prefrontal WM volume, proportionally to the degree of CVR. Significantly reduced deep parietal WM was also detected bilaterally in the high CVR subgroup. This is the first large study documenting the topography of CVR-related WM brain volume deficits. The significant association regarding poor response inhibition indicates that prefrontal WM deficits related to CVR are clinically meaningful, since inhibitory control is known to rely on prefrontal integrity.
- Neurobiological support to the diagnosis of ADHD in stimulant-naive adults: pattern recognition analyses of MRI data(2017) CHAIM-AVANCINI, T. M.; DOSHI, J.; ZANETTI, M. V.; ERUS, G.; SILVA, M. A.; DURAN, F. L. S.; CAVALLET, M.; SERPA, M. H.; CAETANO, S. C.; LOUZA, M. R.; DAVATZIKOS, C.; BUSATTO, G. F.Objective: In adulthood, the diagnosis of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been subject of recent controversy. We searched for a neuroanatomical signature associated with ADHD spectrum symptoms in adults by applying, for the first time, machine learning-based pattern classification methods to structural MRI and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data obtained from stimulant-naive adults with childhood-onset ADHD and healthy controls (HC). Method: Sixty-seven ADHD patients and 66 HC underwent high-resolution T1-weighted and DTI acquisitions. A support vector machine (SVM) classifier with a non-linear kernel was applied on multimodal image features extracted on regions of interest placed across the whole brain. Results: The discrimination between a mixed-gender ADHD subgroup and individually matched HC (n = 58 each) yielded area-under-the-curve (AUC) and diagnostic accuracy (DA) values of up to 0.71% and 66% (P = 0.003) respectively. AUC and DA values increased to 0.74% and 74% (P = 0.0001) when analyses were restricted to males (52 ADHD vs. 44 HC). Conclusion: Introvert personality traits showed independent risk effects on suicidality regardless of diagnosis status. Among high risk individuals with suicidal thoughts, higher neuroticism tendency is further associated with increased risk of suicide attempt.
- Gray Matter, Lateral Ventricle Volumes, and Executive Functioning in Cannabis Users with First-Episode Psychosis(2017) CUNHA, P. J.; ROSA, P. G. P.; DURAN, F. L. S.; SANTOS, L. C.; CRIPPA, J. A. S.; BUSATTO, G. F.; SCHAUFELBERGER, M. S.This chapter is focused on examining the brain structural and executive alterations associated with cannabis use in patients with first-episode psychosis (FEP). Cannabis users with FEP are more likely to present a relatively ""preserved"" brain, and less executive deficits, at least in the beginning of their disorder. Initial neurostructural alterations will depend on the level of the patient's premorbid functioning, among other factors. As the cannabis use progress, the patient will present a pattern characterized by cognitive impairments and brain structural abnormalities, such as executive dysfunction, gray matter reductions, and lateral ventricle enlargements. In clinical practice, it would be relevant to develop strategies aiming to prevent cannabis use among adolescents, especially those with prodromal symptoms, and with a family history of psychosis. Early focused interventions for patients with FEP could also help to prevent relapse on cannabis use for a better prognosis. © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
conferenceObject Effects of Aerobic Training on Cognition and Brain Glucose Metabolism in Subjects with Mild Cognitive Impairment(2017) PORTO, Fabio Henrique de Gobbi; COUTINHO, Artur; DURAN, Fabio; PINTO, Ana; GUALANO, Bruno; BUCHPIGUEL, Carlos; NITRINI, Ricardo; BRUCKI, Sonia- High frequency of silent brain infarcts associated with cognitive deficits in an economically disadvantaged population(2017) SQUARZONI, Paula; TAMASHIRO-DURAN, Jaqueline H.; DURAN, Fabio L. S.; LEITE, Claudia C.; WAJNGARTEN, Mauricio; SCAZUFCA, Marcia; MENEZES, Paulo R.; LOTUFO, Paulo A.; ALVES, Tania C. T. F.; BUSATTO, Geraldo F.OBJECTIVE: Using magnetic resonance imaging, we aimed to assess the presence of silent brain vascular lesions in a sample of apparently healthy elderly individuals who were recruited from an economically disadvantaged urban region (Sao Paulo, Brazil). We also wished to investigate whether the findings were associated with worse cognitive performance. METHODS: A sample of 250 elderly subjects (66-75 years) without dementia or neuropsychiatric disorders were recruited from predefined census sectors of an economically disadvantaged area of Sao Paulo and received structural magnetic resonance imaging scans and cognitive testing. A high proportion of individuals had very low levels of education (4 years or less, n= 185; 21 with no formal education). RESULTS: The prevalence of at least one silent vascular-related cortical or subcortical lesion was 22.8% (95% confidence interval, 17.7-28.5), and the basal ganglia was the most frequently affected site (63.14% of cases). The subgroup with brain infarcts presented significantly lower levels of education than the subgroup with no brain lesions as well as significantly worse current performance in cognitive test domains, including memory and attention (p<0.002). CONCLUSIONS: Silent brain infarcts were present at a substantially high frequency in our elderly sample from an economically disadvantaged urban region and were significantly more prevalent in subjects with lower levels of education. Covert cerebrovascular disease significantly contributes to cognitive deficits, and in the absence of magnetic resonance imaging data, this cognitive impairment may be considered simply related to ageing. Emphatic attention should be paid to potentially deleterious effects of vascular brain lesions in poorly educated elderly individuals from economically disadvantaged environments.