EDSON AMARO JUNIOR
Projetos de Pesquisa
Unidades Organizacionais
Departamento de Radiologia, Faculdade de Medicina - Docente
LIM/44 - Laboratório de Ressonância Magnética em Neurorradiologia, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina
LIM/44 - Laboratório de Ressonância Magnética em Neurorradiologia, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina
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- Human motor sequence learning drives transient changes in network topology and hippocampal connectivity early during memory consolidation(2023) DELEGLISE, Alvaro; DONNELLY-KEHOE, Patricio Andres; YEFFAL, Abraham; JACOBACCI, Florencia; JOVICICH, Jorge; JR, Edson Amaro; ARMONY, Jorge L.; DOYON, Julien; DELLA-MAGGIORE, ValeriaIn the last decade, the exclusive role of the hippocampus in human declarative learning has been challenged. Recently, we have shown that gains in performance observed in motor sequence learning (MSL) during the quiet rest periods interleaved with practice are associated with increased hippocampal activity, suggesting a role of this structure in motor memory reactivation. Yet, skill also develops offline as memory stabilizes after training and overnight. To examine whether the hippocampus contributes to motor sequence memory consolidation, here we used a network neuroscience strategy to track its functional connectivity offline 30 min and 24 h post learning using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. Using a graph-analytical approach we found that MSL transiently increased network modularity, reflected in an increment in local information processing at 30 min that returned to baseline at 24 h. Within the same time window, MSL decreased the connectivity of a hippocampal-sensorimotor network, and increased the connectivity of a striatal-premotor network in an antagonistic manner. Finally, a supervised classification identified a low-dimensional pattern of hippocampal connectivity that discriminated between control and MSL data with high accuracy. The fact that changes in hippocampal connectivity were detected shortly after training supports a relevant role of the hippocampus in early stages of motor memory consolidation.
- The Impact of Post-Stroke Depressive Symptoms on Cognitive Performance in Women and in Men: A 4 Month Prospective Study(2023) SOBREIRO, Matildes F. M.; TERRONI, Luisa; GUAJARDO, Valeri Delgado; MATTOS, Patricia Ferreira; LEITE, Claudia da Costa; JR, Edson Amaro; TINONE, Gisela; IOSIFESCU, Dan V.; FRAGUAS, RenerioBackground: Depressive symptoms have been associated with cognitive impairment after stroke, and women may be specifically affected. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate gender-specific characteristics in the relationship between changes in depression severity and changes in cognitive performance after stroke. Methods: We prospectively evaluated 73 patients without a previous history of depression in the first and fourth months after a first ischemic stroke. The severity of depressive symptoms was assessed using the 31-item version of the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression, and executive function, attention, working memory, and verbal fluency were assessed using a neuropsychological battery. Results: We included 46 (63.0%) men and 27 (36.9%) women, with mean ages of 55.2 (SD & PLUSMN; 15.1) and 46.8 (SD & PLUSMN; 14.7) years, respectively. We found significant improvement in the digit span forward and Stroop dots from month 1 to month 4 post stroke for both men and women. Women, but not men, presented a correlation between changes in phonemic verbal fluency and changes in the 31-item version of the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression scores. Improvement in depression was correlated with improvement in verbal fluency, and worsening in depression was correlated with worsening in verbal fluency. Conclusions: Our results suggest that women might be more vulnerable to the relationship between depressive symptoms and cognitive performance, and improvement of depression may be necessary for women's improvement in phonemic verbal fluency from the first to the fourth month after a stroke. We did not adjust the results for multiple comparisons. Thus, our findings might be considered preliminary, and confirmatory studies, also focusing on specific characteristics of women that could explain these differences, are warranted.
- Long term effects of red wine consumption in brain: an MRI, fMRI and neuropsychological evaluation study(2023) CAMPANE, Lucas Zoppi; NUCCI, Mariana Penteado; NISHIYAMA, Marcelo; ZUBEN, Marina Von; JR, Edson Amaro; LUZ, Protasio Lemos daRed wine (RW) consumption has been proposed to have a potential health benefit. However, the effect of RW consumption on the brain is not entirely known, mainly when associated with aging. Regular red wine consumers (n = 30) and abstainers (ABST; n = 27) without cognitive impairment were evaluated for brain structural characteristics (Fazekas score and voxel-based morphometry) and for functional adaptations assessed by fMRI (using the Word Tasks Color Stroop (WCST) and Two-Back (TBT)), as well as by neuropsychological tests in different domains. There were no significant differences regarding brain morphological features. RW consumers showed greater activation in the thalamus during WCST and in paracingulate/anterior cingulate cortices, left superior frontal gyrus and frontal pole during TBT. ABST required higher activation of different cortical areas in the left parietal lobe during WCST. Age and intelligence quotient influenced those activations. In Stroop and trail-making neuropsychological tests, RW consumers performed slightly better than ABST. This study should be viewed as hypothesis-generating rather than conclusive.
- Perilesional and contralesional brain activations related to associative encoding of unfamiliar face-names pairs in adults with left chronic stroke with or without ischemic infarct on left inferior frontal gyrus(2023) BATISTA, Alana X.; BAZAN, Paulo R.; MARTIN, Maria da Graca M.; CONFORTO, Adriana B.; HOSHINO, Mauricio; SIMON, Sharon S.; HAMPSTEAD, Benjamin; FIGUEIREDO, Eberval Gadelha; AMARO JR., Edson; MIOTTO, Eliane C.The study of an Ischemic stroke infarction allows verifying how the lesion produces alterations in the neuronal networks resulting in cognitive deficits. It also allows the verification of adaptive and maladaptive cerebral reorganization related to the injury. In our previous fMRI study, we found that patients without ischemic vascular lesions in left inferior frontal gyrus showed an efficient compensation mechanism during the associative encoding of face name pairs, by the increased activation of ventrolateral and dorsolateral areas of contralesional hemisphere associated with better memory performance. While patients with ischemic vascular lesions on left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) demonstrated worse memory performance and no signs of compensation mechanism. The present study explores more of these findings by analyzing perilesional and contralesional activations related to unfamiliar face name associative encoding in adults with chronic ischemic stroke, with or without left IFG lesion, compared to healthy controls. The main results showed that stroke survivors without lesions in IFG demonstrated increased activation in perilesional and contralesional prefrontal regions associated with better associative memory recognition, which are indicative of adaptive compensatory mechanisms. However, they also showed a negative correlation between the activation of right anterior prefrontal and inferior parietal regions and the associative memory performance, which may indicate the presence of maladaptive interhemispheric disinhibition. On the other hand, stroke survivors with IFG lesions demonstrated negative correlations in activations of the ipsilesional inferior parietal cortex and positive correlations in activations of the left middle frontal gyrus and left precentral cortex, which demonstrate the simultaneous occurrence of adaptive and maladaptive brain reorganization mechanisms in this group. However, the increase in perilesional prefrontal regions, associated with bilateral activation of the hippocampus and amygdala, was not enough to compensate for the inefficiency of associative memory performance. Finally, the differences in activation observed in stroke survivors reflect their clinical heterogeneity and demonstrate that adaptive or maladaptive compensatory mechanisms can coexist in the same group of patients. Furthermore, they reinforce the importance of the left IFG in the associative encoding of unfamiliar face name pairs and may suggest a deficit in associative memory related to injury in this region. (C) 2023 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
- Varicose Vein Stripping in 66,577 patients in 11 years in public hospitals in Sao Paulo(2022) SILVA, Marcelo Fiorelli Alexandrino da; LOUZADA, Andressa Cristina Sposato; TEIVELIS, Marcelo Passos; LEIDERMAN, Dafne Braga Diamante; PORTUGAL, Maria Fernanda Cassino; STABELLINI, Nickolas; AMARO JUNIOR, Edson; WOLOSKER, NelsonOBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate the epidemiology of varicose vein stripping in Brazil's largest city, Sao Paulo.METHODS: Open and anonymous data regarding varicose vein surgeries between 2008 and 2018 were evaluated from the TabNet platform of the Municipal Health Secretary of Sao Paulo, Brazil. RESULTS: Most patients were female and adults. A total of 66,577 varicose vein surgeries were performed in public hospitals and outpatient clinics in Sao Paulo, with a statistically significant increase for both unilateral (p=0.003) and bilateral (p<0.001) procedures. Since 2016, unilateral procedures have been performed more frequently than bilateral procedures. Most procedures were associated with same-day (54.8%) or next-day (32%) discharge. The in-hospital mortality rate was 0.0045%. The total amount reimbursed was $20,693,437.94, corresponding to a mean value of $310.82 per procedure.CONCLUSION: Surgeries to treat chronic vein disease totaled 66,577 in 11 years, demanding $20,693,437.94 from the public health system. The majority of treated patients were female, over 40 years of age, and local residents. Procedure rates have increased over the years. The in-hospital mortality rate was very low (0.0045%).
- Mesencephalic Locomotor Region and Presynaptic Inhibition during Anticipatory Postural Adjustments in People with Parkinson's Disease(2024) SILVA-BATISTA, Carla; LIRA, Jumes; COELHO, Daniel Boari; LIMA-PARDINI, Andrea Cristina de; NUCCI, Mariana Penteado; MATTOS, Eugenia Casella Tavares; MAGALHAES, Fernando Henrique; BARBOSA, Egberto Reis; TEIXEIRA, Luis Augusto; AMARO JUNIOR, Edson; UGRINOWITSCH, Carlos; HORAK, Fay B.Individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD) and freezing of gait (FOG) have a loss of presynaptic inhibition (PSI) during anticipatory postural adjustments (APAs) for step initiation. The mesencephalic locomotor region (MLR) has connections to the reticulospinal tract that mediates inhibitory interneurons responsible for modulating PSI and APAs. Here, we hypothesized that MLR activity during step initiation would explain the loss of PSI during APAs for step initiation in FOG (freezers). Freezers (n = 34) were assessed in the ON-medication state. We assessed the beta of blood oxygenation level-dependent signal change of areas known to initiate and pace gait (e.g., MLR) during a functional magnetic resonance imaging protocol of an APA task. In addition, we assessed the PSI of the soleus muscle during APA for step initiation, and clinical (e.g., disease duration) and behavioral (e.g., FOG severity and APA amplitude for step initiation) variables. A linear multiple regression model showed that MLR activity (R2 = 0.32, p = 0.0006) and APA amplitude (R2 = 0.13, p = 0.0097) explained together 45% of the loss of PSI during step initiation in freezers. Decreased MLR activity during a simulated APA task is related to a higher loss of PSI during APA for step initiation. Deficits in central and spinal inhibitions during APA may be related to FOG pathophysiology.
- Freezing of gait, gait initiation, and gait automaticity share a similar neural substrate in Parkinson's disease(2022) MOREIRA-NETO, Acacio; UGRINOWITSCH, Carlos; COELHO, Daniel Boari; LIMA-PARDINI, Andrea Cristina de; BARBOSA, Egberto Reis; TEIXEIRA, Luis Augusto; JR, Edson Amaro; HORAK, Fay B.; MANCINI, Martina; NUCCI, Mariana Penteado; SILVA-BATISTA, CarlaIndividuals with Parkinson's disease (PD) and freezing of gait (FOG) have difficulty initiating and maintaining a healthy gait pattern; however, the relationship among FOG severity, gait initiation, and gait automaticity, in addition to the neural substrate of this relationship has not been investigated. This study investigated the association among FOG severity during turning (FOGratio), gait initiation (anticipatory postural adjustment [APA]), and gait automaticity (dual-task cost [DTC]), and the neural substrates of these associations. Thirty-four individuals with FOG of PD were assessed in the ON-medication state. FOG-ratio during a turning test, gait automaticity using DTC on stride length and gait speed, and APA during an event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging protocol to assess brain activity from the regions of interest (e.g., dorsolateral prefrontal cortex [DLPFC] and mesencephalic locomotor region [MLR]) were assessed in separated days. Results showed that FOG-ratio, APA amplitude, and DTC on stride length are negatively associated among them (P < 0.05). APA amplitude and DTC on stride length explained 59% of the FOG-ratio variance (P < 0.05). Although the activity of the right DLPFC and right MLR explained 55% of the FOG-ratio variance (P < 0.05) and 30% of the DTC on stride length variance (P <= 0.05), only the activity of the right MLR explained 23% of the APA amplitude (P < 0.05). FOG severity during turning, APA amplitude, and stride length automaticity are associated among them and share a similar locomotor substrate, as the MLR activity was a common brain region in explaining the variance of these variables.
- Saúde cardiovascular e habitação: um diálogo importante travado nos assentamentos precários de São Paulo(2023) BARROZO, LIGIA VIZEU; LEITE, CARLOS; AMARO JR., EDSONABSTRACT The reduction of infectious diseases and longer life favored the greater prevalence of chronic diseases such as cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular and respiratory diseases. In general, the geographical scale of studies on socioeconomic conditions and health problems is the municipality. In this geographical scale there is no clear separation between the types of settlement. Intraurban studies by type of settlement can contribute to a more faithful portrait on inequalities in living conditions. In this study, data from residents of the municipality of São Paulo were analyzed who were admitted and those who died, by diseases of the circulatory system from 2010 to 2016 for deaths and from 2011 to 2016, for hospitalizations. Each hospitalization and death was attributed to the settlement of housing according to type: non-regular settlement, precarious or regular. The following calculations were made: proportion of hospital admissions by the Unified Health System (SUS) by groups of causes, standardized rates by gender and age group, hospitalization/inhabitant according to sex, age group and type of settlement and standardized rates by gender and age standardized mortality rates due to circulatory diseases. The results found an even more wicked situation in precarious settlements for all age groups, both sexes. The difference in cardiovascular health between the three types of settlements, evaluated through the proportions of hospital hospitalizations and mortality rates, show that almost 1,700,000 people in São Paulo are in a major disadvantage compared to the group formed by 85% of the population. In terms of hospitalizations, rates are higher in non-regular settlement. In this sense, it can be speculated that there is greater access to health service for residents of non-regular settlement in relation to those of precarious settlements. This access is reverted to lower mortality when the rates of both groups are compared. If we consider only two groups (regular and non-regular settlements), the situation of greater disadvantage in precarious settlements is diluted, becoming invisible. Such results can provide health surveillance to define specific programs for these settlements, as well as territory management, in general, to provide better housing conditions.