REGIANI CARVALHO DE OLIVEIRA
Projetos de Pesquisa
Unidades Organizacionais
Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina
LIM/05 - Laboratório de Poluição Atmosférica Experimental, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina
LIM/05 - Laboratório de Poluição Atmosférica Experimental, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina
36 resultados
Resultados de Busca
Agora exibindo 1 - 10 de 36
- Exercise training is a determinant of weight-loss and improvement on asthma control, airway inflammation and psychosocial morbidity in obese asthmatics: A RCT(2015) FREITAS, Patricia D.; FERREIRA, Palmira G.; SILVA, Aline G.; CUKIER, Alberto; STELMACH, Rafael; CARVALHO-PINTO, Regina; SALGE, Joao M.; MANCINI, Marcio C.; MARTINS, Milton A.; CARVALHO, Celso R. F.
conferenceObject Effects of diesel exhausted particles on lung inflammation in OVA-sensitized and single challenged mice(2013) FREITAS, Gabriel Ribeiro de; NASCIMENTO, Juliana; GREIFFO, Flavia; BRUGGEMANN, Thayse; AVILA, Leonardo; BOBINSKI, Franciane; CARVALHO, Regiani; SANTOS, Adair; VIEIRA, Rodolfo; HIZUME, Deborah- Atmospheric microplastic fallout in outdoor and indoor environments in Sao Paulo megacity(2022) AMATO-LOURENCO, Luis Fernando; GALVAO, Luciana dos Santos; WIEBECK, Helio; CARVALHO-OLIVEIRA, Regiani; MAUAD, ThaisPlastics are widely used by society, and their degradation into millimetre fragments, called microplastics (MPs), has become a global environmental threat to ecosystems and human health. However, airborne MPs' presence and fallout fluxes from the atmosphere are poorly understood and can vary significantly by different conditions, especially in megacities of low-and middle-income countries, where high levels of vehicular air pollution, a high-density popula-tion, high plastic use, and inadequate disposal are environmental threats related to airborne MPs. In this study, we in-vestigate the amount, chemical composition, and morphological characteristics of outdoor and indoor airborne MPs fallout in the megacity of Sao Paulo and assess the influence of weather and seasons on airborne MPs fallout. The re-sults were as follows: MPs were found in all samples with an average fallout rate of 309.40 +/- 214.71 MPs/m(2)/day in the indoor environment, and 123.20 +/- 47.09 MPs/m(2)/day in the outdoor environment; MPs concentrations were higher in the indoor environment than the outdoor environment, with more fibres than particles; polyester fibres (100%), polyethylene (59%) and polypropylene (26%) particles were the dominant polymers indoors, while in out-doors, polyester fibres (76%) and polyethylene (67%) and polyethylene terephthalate (25%) particles were dominant. Fragment was the dominant morphology of particles found in indoor and outdoor samples (64% and 74%, respec-tively). Outdoor MPs fallout correlated positively with rainfall, wind velocity, and relative humidity. This evidence is the first on airborne MPs ina Latin America megacity and highlights the relevant role that this source plays in dif-ferent environments.
- Aerobic exercise in polluted urban environments: effects on airway defense mechanisms in young healthy amateur runners(2016) SA, Matheus Cavalcante de; NAKAGAWA, Naomi Kondo; ANDRE, Carmen Diva Saldiva de; CARVALHO-OLIVEIRA, Regiani; CARVALHO, Tamas de Santana; NICOLA, Marina Lazzari; ANDRE, Paulo Afonso de; SALDIVA, Paulo Hilario Nascimento; VAISBERG, MauroIn this study, the effects of aerobic exercise on the upper airways and their defense mechanisms were investigated in athletes. The athletes ran in two different environments: the downtown streets of the city of Sao Paulo (Street), more polluted, and an urban forest (Forest), less polluted. Thirty-eight young healthy athletes ran for 45 min d(-1) randomly during five consecutive days, with an interval of 48 h before changing environment. Clinical parameters and respiratory tract defense markers were evaluated before and after the first run on Mondays (1 d) and on Fridays (5 d). Street presented higher mean PM2.5 concentrations (65.1 +/- 39.1 mu gm(-3), p < 0.001) and lower temperature (22.0 degrees C, p = 0.010) than Forest (22.6 +/- 15.3 mu g m(-3) and 22.8 degrees C). After 1 d Street running, subjects showed an increment in heart rate (p < 0.001). At day 5, there was twice the number of athletes with impaired nasal mucociliary clearance (MCC) in the Street runners group when compared to the Forest runners group. Exhaled breath condensate pH values increased in the Forest group, with significant differences between groups in day 1 (p = 0.006) and day 5 (p < 0.001), despite the fact that both groups showed values within the normal range. After exposure to both environments, the number of cells in the nasal lavage fluid was reduced after exercise (p = 0.014), without alterations in cell type and IL-8 and IL-10 concentrations. Aerobic exercise can either maintain or acutely enhance MCC and it may help to regulate inflammatory responses in the airways. Here we show that exercise practice in polluted outdoor environment, over a 5 d period, impairs MCC. In contrast, athletes running in the less polluted environment (Forest) show higher exhaled breath condensate pH values when compared to those who exercised in a more polluted environment (Street).
- Reliability of reflectance measures in passive filters(2014) ANDRE, Carmen Diva Saldiva de; ANDRE, Paulo Afonso de; ROCHA, Francisco Marcelo; SALDIVA, Paulo Hilario Nascimento; OLIVEIRA, Regiani Carvalho de; SINGER, Julio M.Measurements of optical reflectance in passive filters impregnated with a reactive chemical solution may be transformed to ozone concentrations via a calibration curve and constitute a low cost alternative for environmental monitoring, mainly to estimate human exposure. Given the possibility of errors caused by exposure bias, it is common to consider sets of m filters exposed during a certain period to estimate the latent reflectance on n different sample occasions at a certain location. Mixed models with sample occasions as random effects are useful to analyze data obtained under such setups. The intra-class correlation coefficient of the mean of the m measurements is an indicator of the reliability of the latent reflectance estimates. Our objective is to determine m in order to obtain a pre-specified reliability of the estimates, taking possible outliers into account. To illustrate the procedure, we consider an experiment conducted at the Laboratory of Experimental Air Pollution, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil (LPAE/FMUSP), where sets of m = 3 filters were exposed during 7 days on n = 9 different occasions at a certain location. The results show that the reliability of the latent reflectance estimates for each occasion obtained under homoskedasticity is k(m) = 0.74. A residual analysis suggests that the within-occasion variance for two of the occasions should be different from the others. A refined model with two within-occasion variance components was considered, yielding k(m) = 0.56 for these occasions and k(m) = 0.87 for the remaining ones. To guarantee that all estimates have a reliability of at least 80% we require measurements on m = 10 filters on each occasion. (C) 2014 The Authors.
- Microplastics inhalation: evidence in human lung tissue(2021) AMATO-LOURENCO, Luis Fernando; OLIVEIRA, Regiani Carvalho; JUNIOR, Gabriel Ribeiro; GALVAO, Luciana Dos Santos; ANDO, Romulo Augusto; MAUAD, Thais
- Effects of long-standing exposure to heavy-duty diesel vehicle traffic on respiratory symptoms and airway inflammation in older adults(2021) CARVALHO-OLIVEIRA, Regiani; AMATO-LOURENCO, Luis F.; ALMEIDA, Pamela S.; GARCIA, Bianca B. M.; VIEIRA, William K. M.; SANTANA, Ariane; GODINHO-NETTO, Martha Cristina Motta; CARRETERO, Maria E.; SALDIVA, Paulo H. Nascimento; MAUAD, ThaisIn the present study, we evaluated the effects of chronic exposure to traffic from a heavy-duty diesel-fueled vehicle area on respiratory symptoms and airway inflammation in a nonsmoking adult and elderly population. Respiratory symptoms were evaluated by the ISAAC questionnaire (International Study of Asthma and Allergies questionnaire), and airway inflammation was assessed by fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO). Forty volunteers were selected from the 112 volunteers who completed the ISAAC questionnaire for the measurement of FeNO. The FeNO population comprised seven men (six aged >= 64 years old, four aged >= 75 years old) and 32 women (27 aged >= 64 years old, nine aged >= 75 years old). FeNO levels were tracked for six months, from November 2014 to June 2015. Results: Twenty-four percent of the volunteers reported having had wheezing in the chest in the last 12 months. However, only 2.7% of the volunteers reported doctor-diagnosed asthma. There was a positive association between FeNO and pollutants in most of the study months. An increase of 1 mg m(-3) in NO2 was associated with a mean increase of 1.08 ppb in FeNO, and an increase of 1 mg m(-3) in O-3 was associated with a mean increase of 1.06 ppb in FeNO. The relative risk for NO2 ranged from 1.009 to 1.32 and that for O-3 ranged from 1.014 to 1.020. Conclusion: The frequency of respiratory symptoms was much higher than the previously described levels of 6% in the Brazilian adult population. In summary, a high frequency of respiratory symptoms and high levels of FeNO were described in an underdiagnosed adult population living very close to a heavy-duty diesel-traffic area. Older elderly adults presented greater susceptibility to airway inflammation than younger adults.
- Effectiveness of traffic-related elements in tree bark and pollen abortion rates for assessing air pollution exposure on respiratory mortality rates(2017) CARVALHO-OLIVEIRA, Regiani; AMATO-LOURENCO, Luis F.; MOREIRA, Tiana C. L.; SILVA, Douglas R. Rocha; VIEIRA, Bruna D.; MAUAD, Thais; SAIKI, Mitiko; SALDIVA, Paulo H. NascimentoThe majority of epidemiological studies correlate the cardiorespiratory effects of air pollution exposure by considering the concentrations of pollutants measured from conventional monitoring networks. The conventional air quality monitoring methods are expensive, and their data are insufficient for providing good spatial resolution. We hypothesized that bioassays using plants could effectively determine pollutant gradients, thus helping to assess the risks associated with air pollution exposure. The study regions were determined from different prevalent respiratory death distributions in the Sao Paulo municipality. Samples of tree flower buds were collected from twelve sites in four regional districts. The genotoxic effects caused by air pollution were tested through a pollen abortion bioassay. Elements derived from vehicular traffic that accumulated in tree barks were determined using energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (EDXRF). Mortality data were collected from the mortality information program of Sao Paulo City. Principal component analysis (PCA) was applied to the concentrations of elements accumulated in tree barks. Pearson correlation and exponential regression were performed considering the elements, pollen abortion rates and mortality data. PCA identified five factors, of which four represented elements related to vehicular traffic. The elements Al, S, Fe, Mn, Cu, and Zn showed a strong correlation with mortality rates (R-2>0.87) and pollen abortion rates (R-2>0.82). These results demonstrate that tree barks and pollen abortion rates allow for correlations between vehicular traffic emissions and associated outcomes such as genotoxic effects and mortality data.
- Relationship between Nrf2-Keap1 system and cell death in BEAS-2B exposed to Diesel Exhaust Particles(2017) FRIAS, Daniela; NUNES, Raquel; MATSUDA, Monique; YOSHIZAKI, Kelly; CARVALHO-OLIVEIRA, Regiani; PEREIRA, Daniela; VASCONCELLOS, Perola; MAUAD, Thais; MACCHIONE, Mariangela
- Mucociliary clearance, airway inflammation and nasal symptoms in urban motorcyclists(2014) BRANT, Tereza C. S.; YOSHIDA, Carolina T.; CARVALHO, Tomas de S.; NICOLA, Marina L.; MARTINS, Jocimar A.; BRAGA, Lays M.; OLIVEIRA, Regiani C. de; LEYTON, Vilma; ANDRE, Carmen S. de; SALDIVA, Paulo H. N.; RUBIN, Bruce K.; NAKAGAWA, Naomi K.OBJECTIVES: There is evidence that outdoor workers exposed to high levels of air pollution exhibit airway inflammation and increased airway symptoms. We hypothesized that these workers would experience increased airway symptoms and decreased nasal mucociliary clearance associated with their exposure to air pollution. METHODS: In total, 25 non-smoking commercial motorcyclists, aged 18-44 years, were included in this study. These drivers work 8-12 hours per day, 5 days per week, driving on urban streets. Nasal mucociliary clearance was measured by the saccharine transit test; airway acidification was measured by assessing the pH of exhaled breath condensate; and airway symptoms were measured by the Sino-nasal Outcome Test-20 questionnaire. To assess personal air pollution exposure, the subjects used a passive-diffusion nitrogen dioxide (NO2) concentration-monitoring system during the 14 days before each assessment. The associations between NO2 and the airway outcomes were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney test and the Chi-Square test. Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT01976039. RESULTS: Compared with clearance in healthy adult males, mucociliary clearance was decreased in 32% of the motorcyclists. Additionally, 64% of the motorcyclists had airway acidification and 92% experienced airway symptoms. The median personal NO2 exposure level was 75 mg/m(3) for these subjects and a significant association was observed between NO2 and impaired mucociliary clearance (p = 0.036). CONCLUSION: Non-smoking commercial motorcyclists exhibit increased airway symptoms and airway acidification as well as decreased nasal mucociliary clearance, all of which are significantly associated with the amount of exposure to air pollution.