Serosurvey of <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> and <i>Toxocara</i> spp. co-infection in pregnant women in low-income areas of Brazil

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Tipo de produção
article
Data de publicação
2024
DOI
Scopus
Web of Science
PubMed
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Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título do Volume
Editora
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
Autores
PEREIRA, Edlayne Larissa Gretter Machado
FERREIRA, Isabella Braghin
VICTORINO, Roberta Brinholi
GIUFFRIDA, Rogerio
KMETIUK, Louise Bach
BIONDO, Alexander Welker
SANTAREM, Vamilton Alvares
Citação
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH, v.12, article ID 1340434, 9p, 2024
Projetos de Pesquisa
Unidades Organizacionais
Fascículo
Resumo
Introduction: Despite human toxoplasmosis and toxocariasis having been listed among the top six most neglected parasitic zoonoses worldwide, presenting similar associated risk factors and transmission routes, few studies have been conducted in pregnant women and the consequences of concurrent infection remain to be fully established. Accordingly, the present study has serologically assessed the co-infection and associated risk factors for Toxoplasma gondii and Toxocara spp. in pregnant women, assisted by the public Unified National Health System (SUS) in southeastern Brazil. Materials and Methods: Blood samples were collected and tested for IgG antibodies against Toxoplasma gondii by chemiluminescence immunoassay and against Toxocara spp. by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). An epidemiological questionnaire was applied to gather socioeconomic information to assess the risk factors associated with seropositivity to toxocariasis/toxoplasmosis by univariate analysis followed by logistic regression. Results: Overall, seropositivity was 69/280 (24.6, 95% CI: 19.96-30.01) for T. gondii and 56/280 (20.0, 95% CI: 15.73-25.08) for Toxocara spp. Co-infection was observed in 25/280 (8.9, 95% CI: 6.12-12.85) pregnant women, with increased odds (OR: 3.3, CI 95%: 1.77-6.14, p = 0.0002). Logistic regression revealed that a higher educational level (high school or college) significantly reduced the likelihood of co-infection seropositivity, owning cats increased the odds of toxocariasis, and older pregnant women presented significantly higher T. gondii seropositivity. Conclusion: Co-infection herein highlights the importance of educational programs in the prevention of toxocariasis and toxoplasmosis in pregnant women and other high-risk populations.
Palavras-chave
epidemiology, pregnancy, toxocariasis, toxoplasmosis, zoonoses
URI
https://observatorio.fm.usp.br/handle/OPI/58895
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Coleções
Artigos e Materiais de Revistas Científicas - FM/MIP