Doenças raras, drogas órfãs e as políticas para avaliação e incorporação de tecnologias nos sistemas de saúde

dc.contributorSistema FMUSP-HC: Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP) e Hospital das Clínicas da FMUSP
dc.contributor.authorNOVAES, Hillegonda Maria Dutilh
dc.contributor.authorSOÁREZ, Patrícia Coelho de
dc.date.accessioned2022-07-08T13:34:00Z
dc.date.available2022-07-08T13:34:00Z
dc.date.issued2019
dc.description.abstractAbstract This work discusses the problem of rare diseases and orphan drugs in the context of the medical science and practice, especially regarding the technological development, innovation, evaluation and incorporation of technologies in health systems and their impacts on theory, practices and policies on Health Technology Assessment (HTA). A thematic review of scientific literature was conducted involving the areas of Medicine, Sociology of Medicine, Health Science and Technology and Public Health, in order to provide an interdisciplinary approach to the issue. The study focuses on rare diseases caused by genetic mutations, as they are paradigmatic for understanding the challenges posed to the medical field. Since the 1970s, changes have occurred in Medicine, in the ways of diagnosing, classifying and studying such diseases, from clinical, laboratorial and epidemiological perspectives, as well as in the development of technologies for prevention and intervention. As of 1970, HTA has developed as an area of knowledge and practice aimed at contributing to the scientific and institutional foundations of innovation policies in health systems. Countries have been facing challenges to the sustainability of their health systems, which stem from scientific and technological development and medical innovations, economic and political power of corporations, increased expectations, aging populations and political and social inequalities. Discourses carrying disparate scientific, technological and political views on medicine and health policies coexist, posing difficulties to dialogue. Meanwhile, society, marginalized from the world of specialists, faces many problems in understanding such discourses, being heard and participating in the construction of new perspectives on health and disease that offer answers to their problems.eng
dc.description.abstractResumo O texto se propõe a discutir o problema das doenças raras e drogas órfãs no contexto da ciência e da prática médica, sobretudo no que se refere ao desenvolvimento tecnológico produzido nesse âmbito, e ao processo de avaliação e incorporação de tecnologias nos sistemas de saúde. Esses processos têm gerado impactos importantes sobre a teoria, prática e políticas da Avaliação de Tecnologias em Saúde (ATS). Desenvolveu-se um estudo teórico, baseado em revisão de literatura das áreas da Medicina, Sociologia da Medicina, Ciência e Tecnologia em Saúde e Saúde Coletiva, com o objetivo de discutir esta questão a partir de uma abordagem interdisciplinar. Entre as doenças raras, foram privilegiadas aquelas decorrentes de alterações genéticas, por constituírem casos paradigmáticos para a compreensão dos desafios implicados à Medicina. A partir dos anos 1970, ocorreram mudanças significativas nas formas de diagnosticar, classificar e conhecer essas doenças, nas perspectivas clínica, laboratorial e epidemiológica, bem como nas propostas de tecnologias de prevenção e intervenção desenvolvidas. A ATS desenvolveu-se a partir de 1970 como uma área de conhecimentos e práticas, visando contribuir para o embasamento científico e institucional das políticas de inovação nos sistemas de saúde. Os países têm enfrentado desafios relacionados à sustentabilidade dos seus sistemas de saúde, impulsionados pelo desenvolvimento científico e tecnológico e inovações médicas, pelo poder econômico e político das indústrias, por expectativas aumentadas, populações envelhecidas e desigualdades políticas e sociais. Discursos que expressam diferentes visões científica, tecnológica e política na medicina e nas políticas de saúde colocam dificuldades para o diálogo. Enquanto isso, a sociedade, marginalizada do mundo dos especialistas, enfrenta muitos problemas em compreender, fazer-se ouvir e participar da construção de novas perspectivas sobre a saúde e a doença, que respondam aos seus problemas.por
dc.description.indexSciELOeng
dc.identifier.citationSOCIOLOGIAS, v.21, n.51, p.332-364, 2019
dc.identifier.doi10.1590/15174522-0215121
dc.identifier.issn1807-0337
dc.identifier.urihttps://observatorio.fm.usp.br/handle/OPI/47521
dc.language.isoporpor
dc.publisherPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Sociologia - UFRGSeng
dc.relation.ispartofSociologias
dc.rightsopenAccesseng
dc.rights.holderCopyright Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sociologia - UFRGSeng
dc.subjectHealth Technology Assessmenteng
dc.subjectHealth policieseng
dc.subjectSociology of healtheng
dc.subjectGenomeeng
dc.subjectBiotechnologyeng
dc.subjectAvaliação de Tecnologias em Saúdeeng
dc.subjectPolíticas de Saúdeeng
dc.subjectSociologia da saúdeeng
dc.subjectGenomaeng
dc.subjectBiotecnologiaeng
dc.subject.wosSociologyeng
dc.titleDoenças raras, drogas órfãs e as políticas para avaliação e incorporação de tecnologias nos sistemas de saúdeeng
dc.title.alternativeRare diseases, orphan drugs and policies for evaluating and incorporating technologies into health systemseng
dc.typearticleeng
dc.type.categoryoriginal articleeng
dc.type.versionpublishedVersioneng
dspace.entity.typePublication
hcfmusp.citation.scopus8
hcfmusp.contributor.author-fmusphcHILLEGONDA MARIA DUTILH NOVAES
hcfmusp.contributor.author-fmusphcPATRICIA COELHO DE SOAREZ
hcfmusp.description.beginpage332
hcfmusp.description.endpage364
hcfmusp.description.issue51
hcfmusp.description.volume21
hcfmusp.origemsciELO
hcfmusp.origem.scieloSCIELO:S1517-45222019000200332
hcfmusp.origem.scopus2-s2.0-85071951520
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