Role of radiation in rectal cancers

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bookPart
Data de publicação
2015
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SPRINGER NEW YORK
Citação
Habr-Gama, A.; Jorge, J. M. N.; Bustamante-Lopez, L. A.. Role of radiation in rectal cancers. In: . RADIATION THERAPY FOR PELVIC MALIGNANCY AND ITS CONSEQUENCES: SPRINGER NEW YORK, 2015. p.53-64.
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The management of rectal cancer has dramatically improved during the last two decades and therapeutic decisions should now be individualized and based on a multidisciplinary approach, involving radiation oncologists, medical oncologists, diagnostic radiologists, surgeons, pathologists, and primary care physicians. The benefits of preoperative chemoradiotherapy include downsizing, downstaging, improved sphincter-preservation rates, and reduced local recurrence. In addition, complete pathological response is possible in a significant percentage of patients. The combination of neoadjuvant radiotherapy and total mesorectal excision may result in significant long-term adverse effects, including sexual and anorectal sphincter dysfunction. This should be taken into account during selection of patients for radiotherapy. In addition, ongoing trials are addressing quality of life issues with modern radiation techniques and newer chemotherapeutic agents. © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2015.
Palavras-chave
Chemoradiation, Downstaging, Low rectal cancer, Neoadjuvant therapy, Radiotherapy, Recurrence, Sphincter-saving, Survival
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