Anterolateral Ligament of the Fetal Knee: An Anatomic and Histological Study

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art_HELITO_Anterolateral_Ligament_of_the_Fetal_Knee_An_Anatomic_2017.PDF (1.65 MB)
Citações na Scopus
36
Tipo de produção
article
Data de publicação
2017
DOI
Scopus
Web of Science
PubMed
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título do Volume
Editora
SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
Autores
TORRES, Julio Augusto do Prado
ARAGAO, Jose Aderval
OLIVEIRA, Lucas Nogueira de
Citação
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE, v.45, n.1, p.91-96, 2017
Projetos de Pesquisa
Unidades Organizacionais
Fascículo
Resumo
Background: The anterolateral ligament (ALL) of the knee has recently been described in detail. Most studies of the ALL have been conducted in adults; therefore, little is known about the anatomy and histology of the ALL in younger patients, and nothing is known about the fetal presence of the ALL. Purpose: To evaluate the ALL in human fetuses to determine its presence or absence and to describe its microscopic anatomy and histological features compared with the findings of studies conducted in adults. Study Design: Descriptive laboratory study. Methods: Twenty human fetal cadaveric specimens were used. The mean age of the fetuses was 28.64 3.20 weeks. The ALL was dissected in the anterolateral region of the knee, and its anatomic parameters, including its origin, insertion, and path in relation to known adjacent anatomic landmarks, in addition to its length, width, and thickness over the path toward the tibia, were measured. After dissection, the ALL was removed en bloc with a portion of the lateral meniscus for histological analysis of 4-m sections, hematoxylin and eosin staining, and immunohistochemical staining for type I collagen. Results: The ALL was located in all dissected knees. Its origin was located at a mean distance of 1.87 mm from the origin of the lateral collateral ligament, with variations from the center of the lateral epicondyle to posterior and proximal to it, and it exhibited an anterior-inferior path toward the tibia, an insertion in the lateral meniscus approximately 2.08 mm anterior to the popliteal tendon, and another insertion in the tibia between the Gerdy tubercle and the fibular head at 2.46 mm below the articular cartilage. The histological sections of the ALL showed well-organized, dense collagenous tissue fibers with elongated fibroblasts (mean, 1631 fibroblasts/mm(2)) and a predominance of type I collagen. Conclusion: The ALL is present during fetal development, with anatomic and histological features similar to those of the adult ALL. Clinical Relevance: The findings of this study help to better understand the ALL's anatomy and histology from the fetal period to adulthood. The study presents the existence of the ALL since fetal development, emphasizes the characterization of the ALL, and brings important information to future pediatric ALL lesion studies.
Palavras-chave
knee ligaments, anatomy, anterolateral ligament, ACL, fetal anatomy, histology
URI
https://observatorio.fm.usp.br/handle/OPI/18898
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Coleções
Artigos e Materiais de Revistas Científicas - FM/MOT
Artigos e Materiais de Revistas Científicas - HC/IOT
Artigos e Materiais de Revistas Científicas - LIM/41