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Title: | Attenuated Heart Rate Recovery is Associated with Sympathetic Hyperactivity in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome and Obstructive Sleep Apnea |
Authors: | CEPEDA, Felipe Xerez; TOSCHI-DIAS, Edgar; GODOY, Daniel Martinez; MAKI-NUNES, Cristiane; RONDON, Maria Urbana P. B.; ALVES, Maria Janieire N. N.; BRAGA, Ana Maria F. W.; DRAGER, Luciano F.; LORENZI-FILHO, Geraldo; NEGRAO, Carlos E.; TROMBETTA, Ivani C. |
Citation: | FASEB JOURNAL, v.27, article ID 928.2, 1p, 2013 |
Abstract: | Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) are independently associated with impaired heart rate recovery (HRR) after maximal exercise. We tested the hypotheses that: 1) MetS+OSA would have an additive effect on attenuation of HRR; 2) The sympathetic hyperactivation would be involved on slower HRR. Newly diagnosed MetS (ATP III) patients, sedentary were divided into: MetS+OSA (n=18, 49±2y) and MetS-OSA (n=21, 44±2y). Normal individuals were also studied (C, n=13, 47±2y). OSA was characterized by apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) >15events/h (polysomnography). Muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA, microneurography), heart rate (EKG), low (LF) and high (HF) frequency power bands and sympatho-vagal balance (LF/HF-Spectral analysis) were measured. The HRR was calculated (HRpeak minus HHR at 1st, 2nd, 4th min). MetS+OSA had higher MSNA, LF and LF/HF compared with MetS-OSA and C. MSNA was higher in MetS-OSA than in C. HF power was lower in MetS+OSA compared with MetS-OSA and C. HRR at 1st, 2nd min was lower in MetS+OSA compared with C (P<0.01) and lower at 4th min compared with Met-OSA and C (P<0.01). Further analyses showed an association between MSNA levels and HRR (P<0.01). In conclusion, OSA exacerbates the attenuation of HRR after maximal exercise in patients with MetS. In addition, the attenuation of HRR is associated with sympathetic hyperactivation. |
Appears in Collections: | Comunicações em Eventos - HC/ICHC Comunicações em Eventos - HC/InCor Comunicações em Eventos - LIM/09 |
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