Sistema FMUSP-HC: Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP) e Hospital das Clínicas da FMUSPNUCCI, R.A.B.MAIFRINO, L.B.M.BUSSE, A.L.SOUZA, R.R. DePASQUALUCCI, C.A.ANARUMA, C.A.LEITE, R.E.P.RODRIGUEZ, R.D.SUEMOTO, C.K.JACOB-FILHO, W.2021-04-292021-04-292020CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY, v.54, n.4, p.567-576, 20201015-8987https://observatorio.fm.usp.br/handle/OPI/40219Background/Aims: Cigarette smoking is a key factor in systemic inflammation and oxidative stress, and it has also been associated with the loss of muscle strength and an elevated risk of pulmonary diseases. Thus, this study aimed to analyze the effects of cigarette smoking on the diaphragm muscle structure of postmortem samples. Methods: Immunohistochemical techniques were used for muscle remodeling (metalloproteinases 2 and 9), inflammation (cyclooxygenase-2), oxidative stress (8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine), and vascularization (vascular endothelial growth factor). Hematoxylin and eosin stain was used for histopathological analysis and Picrosirius stain was used to highlight the collagen fibers. Results: Cigarette smokers had an increase of diaphragm muscle remodeling, oxidative stress, inflammation, and vascularization compared to non-smokers. Conclusion: Diaphragm muscle structure may be negatively affected by cigarette smoking. © 2020 The Author(s).engopenAccessAutopsy studyCigarette smokeDiaphragm muscleHistopathological analysis8 hydroxydeoxyguanosinecyclooxygenase 2dyeeosingelatinase agelatinase bhematoxylinpicrosiriusunclassified drugvasculotropincyclooxygenase 2gelatinase agelatinase bvasculotropin aadultarticleautopsycigarette smokingclinical studycollagen fibercontrolled studycross-sectional studydiaphragm diseasefemalehistopathologyhumanhuman tissueimmunohistochemistryinflammationmalemiddle agedoxidative stresspriority journalrespiratory tract disease assessmentstainingvascularizationageddiaphragmvery elderlyadverse eventcigarette smokingdiaphragmdrug effectinflammationmetabolismoxidative stresspathologysmoking8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosineagedaged, 80 and overautopsycigarette smokingcross-sectional studiescyclooxygenase 2diaphragmfemalehumansinflammationmalematrix metalloproteinase 2matrix metalloproteinase 9middle agedoxidative stresssmokersvascular endothelial growth factor aEvaluation of the diaphragm muscle remodeling, inflammation, oxidative stress and vascularization in smokers: An autopsy studyarticleCopyright CELL PHYSIOL BIOCHEM PRESS GMBH & CO KG10.33594/000000240