Sistema FMUSP-HC: Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP) e Hospital das Clínicas da FMUSPCERQUEIRA, Natalia BarrosVASCONCELOS, RicardoHOJILLA, J. CarloKALLAS, Esper GeorgesI, Vivian Avelino-Silva2021-02-182021-02-182020AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES, v.36, n.12, p.1047-1053, 20200889-2229https://observatorio.fm.usp.br/handle/OPI/39223The objective was to describe levels and predictors of knowledge, attitudes, and willingness to prescribe pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) among Brazilian Infectious Disease (ID) Physicians. The design was a cross-sectional study. We collected information on demographics and attitudes/knowledge about PrEP using an anonymous electronic survey. Willingness to prescribe PrEP, fear of adherence issues, and concerns about risk compensation were addressed in three case vignettes that varied by a single characteristic (i.e., by gender identity, drug use, and socioeconomic status) randomly assigned to physicians. Three hundred seventy ID physicians responded to the survey. Although most identified as informed/well informed about PrEP (75%) and believed PrEP availability to be necessary (38%), concerns with adherence (49%), side effects (38%), risk compensation (28%), and increase in sexually transmitted infection incidence (38%) were raised. We found no statistically significant differences in willingness to prescribe PrEP and concerns around risk compensation across the three case vignettes. ID physicians who declared having a religion reported more concerns about risk compensation compared to those self-identified as atheists (72% vs. 46%,p < .001). Most Brazilian ID physicians reported a positive attitude toward PrEP. Patients' gender identity, drug use, and socioeconomic status were not associated with willingness to prescribe PrEP. However, ID physicians who declared having a religion were more frequently concerned about risk compensation among PrEP users, suggesting that personal beliefs can influence PrEP implementation.engrestrictedAccesshealth knowledgeattitudespracticepre-exposure prophylaxisimplementation scienceHIV infectionshealth-care providershivprepawarenessprescriptionstigmamensexarticleCopyright MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC10.1089/aid.2019.0281ImmunologyInfectious DiseasesVirology1931-8405