Sistema FMUSP-HC: Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP) e Hospital das Clínicas da FMUSPPRATES, Gabriela da SilvaMALTA, Fernanda M.GONCALVES, Fernanda de ToledoMONTEIRO, Mariana A.FONSECA, Luiz Augusto M.VEIGA, Ana Paula R.MAGRI, Marcello M. C.DUARTE, Alberto J. S.CASSEB, JorgeASSONE, Tatiane2021-06-172021-06-172021JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY, v.93, n.6, p.3601-3606, 20210146-6615https://observatorio.fm.usp.br/handle/OPI/40851Few studies have reported the prognosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients followed for a long time in Brazil, particularly those including pre and post-HAART eras. The polymorphisms of interferon (IFN)-lambda 4 have been postulated as possibly associated with the pathogenesis of HIV infection. The aim of this study was to describe the incidence and mortality from a cohort of HIV-positive patients as well as whether IFN-lambda 4 gene polymorphisms (SNP rs8099917 and SNP rs12979860) were associated with HIV/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) progression. We followed 402 patients for up to 30 years; 347 of them began follow-up asymptomatic, without any AIDS-defining opportunistic disease and/or a lymphocytes T CD4+ count of 350 cells/mm(3)or lower. We determined the probability of the asymptomatic subjects to remain AIDS-free, and the risk of death for those entering the study already with an AIDS diagnosis, as well as for subjects developing AIDS during follow-up. We compared the prognosis of patients with two different polymorphisms for the genes encoding for IFN-lambda 4, variants rs8099917 and rs12979860. The follow-up time of the 347 asymptomatic-at-entry subjects was 3687 person-years. IFN-lambda 4 rs8099917 polymorphisms were not associated with AIDS progression, but IFN-lambda 4 rs12979860 wild type genotype (CC) was associated with higher mortality compared to CT and TT, with an increased probability of death from AIDS (P = .01). In conclusion, genetic variations in IFN-lambda 4 on rs12979860 polymorphisms in HIV-infected patients may drive mortality risk.engrestrictedAccessHIV-1IFN-lambda 4SNPviral loadgenetic-variationspontaneous clearanceil28bgenotypearticleCopyright WILEY10.1002/jmv.26054Virology1096-9071