Sistema FMUSP-HC: Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP) e Hospital das Clínicas da FMUSPLOCOSSELLI, Giuliano MaselliMOREIRA, Tiana Carla LopesCHACON-MADRIZ, KatherineARRUDA, Marco Aurelio ZezziCAMARGO, Evelyn Pereira deKAMIGAUTI, Leonardo YoshiakiTRINDADE, Ricardo Ivan Ferreira daANDRADE, Maria de FatimaANDRE, Carmen Diva Saldiva deANDRE, Paulo Afonso deSINGER, Julio M.SAIKI, MitikoZACCARELLI-MARINO, Maria AngelaSALDIVA, Paulo Hilario NascimentoBUCKERIDGE, Marcos Silveira2020-10-152020-10-152020ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION, v.263, article ID 114583, 8p, 20200269-7491https://observatorio.fm.usp.br/handle/OPI/37889Although air pollution decreased in some cities that shifted from an industrial to a service-based economy, and vehicular emission regulation became more restrictive, it is still a major risk factor for mortality worldwide. In central Sao Paulo, Brazil, air quality monitoring stations and tree-ring analyses revealed a decreasing trend in the concentrations of particulate matter and metals. Such trends, however, may not be observed in industrial districts located in the urban periphery, where the usual mobile sources may be combined with local stationary sources. To evaluate environmental pollution in an industrial district in southeastern Sao Paulo, we assessed its spatial variability, by measuring magnetic properties and concentrations of Al, Ba, Ca, Cl, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, P, S, Sr, Zn in the bark of 62 trees, and its temporal trends, by measuring Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, V, Zn in tree rings of three trees. Source apportionment analysis based on tree barks revealed two clusters with high concentrations of metals, one related to vehicular and industrial emissions (Al, Ba, Cu, Fe, Zn) in the east side of the industrial cluster, and the other related to soil resuspension (Cu, Zn, Mn) in its west side. These patterns are also supported by the magnetic properties of bark associated with iron oxides and titanium-iron alloy concentrations. Dendrochemical analyses revealed that only the concentrations of Pb consistently decreased over the last four decades. The concentrations of Cd, Cu, Ni, V, and Zn did not significantly decrease over time, in contrast with their negative trends previously reported in central Sao Paulo. This combined biomonitoring approach revealed spatial clusters of metal concentration in the vicinity of this industrial cluster and showed that the local population has not benefited from the decreasing polluting metal concentrations in the last decades.engrestrictedAccessBiomonitoringTree barkTree ringDendrochemistryMegacitiestree-ringsatmospheric-pollutionsource apportionmentvehicle emissionstrace-elementsair-pollutionurbanleadpm2.5barkarticleCopyright ELSEVIER SCI LTD10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114583Environmental Sciences1873-6424