Sistema FMUSP-HC: Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP) e Hospital das Clínicas da FMUSPMARCOS, Vinicius NevesDANILOVIC, Debora Lucia SeguroPEREIRA, Fernando LinharesTSUNEMI, Miriam HarumiKULCSAR, Marco Aurelio VamondesHOFF, Ana OliveiraDOMINGUES, Regina BarrosCHAMMAS, Maria CristinaFREITAS, Ricardo Miguel Costa de2023-08-162023-08-162023ARCHIVES OF ENDOCRINOLOGY METABOLISM, v.67, n.5, 20232359-3997https://observatorio.fm.usp.br/handle/OPI/54876Objective: Cervical traumatic neuromas (CTNs) may appear after lateral neck dissection for metastatic thyroid carcinoma. If they are misdiagnosed as metastatic lymph nodes (LNs) in follow-up neck ultrasound (US), unnecessary and uncomfortable fine-needle aspiration biopsy are indicated. The present study aimed to describe US features of CTNs and to assess the US performance in distinguishing CTNs from abnormal LNs. Subjects and methods: Retrospective evaluation of neck US images of 206 consecutive patients who had lateral neck dissection as a part of thyroid cancer treatment to assess CTN's US features. Diagnostic accuracy study to evaluate US performance in distinguishing CTNs from abnormal LNs was performed. Results: Eight-six lateral neck nodules were selected for analysis: 38 CTNs and 48 abnormal LNs. CTNs with diagnostic cytology were predominantly hypoechogenic (100% vs. 45%; P = 0.008) and had shorter diameters than inconclusive cytology CTNs: short axis (0.39 cm vs. 0.50 cm; P = 0.03) and long axis (1.64 cm vs. 2.35 cm; P = 0.021). The US features with the best accuracy to distinguish CTNs from abnormal LNs were continuity with a nervous structure, hypoechogenic internal lines, short/long axis ratio = 0.42, absent Doppler vascularization, fusiform morphology, and short axis = 0.48 cm. Conclusion: US is a very useful method for assessing CTNs, with good performance in distinguishing CTNs from abnormal LNs.engopenAccessNeuromaultrasonographythyroid neoplasmsneck dissectionsurgical-treatmentlymphadenopathysonographycontinuitynervearticleCopyright SBEM-SOC BRASIL ENDOCRINOLOGIA & METABOLOGIA10.20945/2359-3997000000633Endocrinology & Metabolism2359-4292