Sistema FMUSP-HC: Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP) e Hospital das Clínicas da FMUSPSCHUCH, VivianeUTSUMI, Daniel AugustoCOSTA, Thais Virginia Moura MachadoKULIKOWSKI, Leslie DomeniciMUSZKATI, Mauro2016-07-042016-07-042015FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY, v.6, article ID 126, 7p, 20151664-0640https://observatorio.fm.usp.br/handle/OPI/14073Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a highly prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by a definite behavioral pattern that might lead to performance problems in the social, educational, or work environments. In the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, the symptoms of ADHD were restricted to those associated with cognitive (attention deficit) and behavioral (hyperactivity/impulsivity) deficits, while deficient emotional self-regulation, a relevant source of morbidity, was left out. The etiology of it is complex, as its exact causes have not yet been fully elucidated. ADHD seems to arise from a combination of various genetic and environmental factors that alter the developing brain, resulting in structural and functional abnormalities. The aim of this paper was to review epigenetics and ADHD focused on how multidimensional mechanisms influence the behavioral phenotype.engopenAccessADHDexecutive functionsemotional self-regulationDESRgenetic factorsenvironmental factorsepigeneticsemotional self-regulationdopamine transporter genotypegene-environment interactionscool executive functiondeficit/hyperactivity disordersib-pairsneuropsychological profilepsychiatric-disordersprenatal smokinglinkage analysisarticleCopyright FRONTIERS MEDIA SA10.3389/fpsyt.2015.00126