LEWIS FLETCHER BUSS
Projetos de Pesquisa
Unidades Organizacionais
LIM/46 - Laboratório de Parasitologia Médica, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina
8 resultados
Resultados de Busca
Agora exibindo 1 - 8 de 8
- Dataset on SARS-CoV-2 non-pharmaceutical interventions in Brazilian municipalities(2021) SANTOS, Andreza Aruska de Souza; CANDIDO, Darlan da Silva; SOUZA, William Marciel de; BUSS, Lewis; LI, Sabrina L.; PEREIRA, Rafael H. M.; WU, Chieh-Hsi; SABINO, Ester C.; FARIA, Nuno R.Brazil has one of the fastest-growing COVID-19 epidemics worldwide. Non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) have been adopted at the municipal level with asynchronous actions taken across 5,568 municipalities and the Federal District. This paper systematises the fragmented information on NPIs reporting on a novel dataset with survey responses from 4,027 mayors, covering 72.3% of all municipalities in the country. This dataset responds to the urgency to track and share findings on fragmented policies during the COVID-19 pandemic. Quantifying NPIs can help to assess the role of interventions in reducing transmission. We offer spatial and temporal details for a range of measures aimed at implementing social distancing and the dates when these measures were relaxed by local governments.
- Epidemiology of COVID-19 after Emergence of SARS-CoV-2 Gamma Variant, Brazilian Amazon, 2020-2021(2022) NICOLETE, Vanessa C.; RODRIGUES, Priscila T.; FERNANDES, Anderson R. J.; CORDER, Rodrigo M.; TONINI, Juliana; BUSS, Lewis F.; SALES, Flavia C.; FARIA, Nuno R.; SABINO, Ester C.; CASTRO, Marcia C.; FERREIRA, Marcelo U.The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Gamma variant has been hypothesized to cause more severe illness than previous variants, especially in children. Successive SARS-CoV-2 IgG serosurveys in the Brazilian Amazon showed that agespecific attack rates and proportions of symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections were similar before and after Gamma variant emergence.
- Spatial and temporal fluctuations in COVID-19 fatality rates in Brazilian hospitals(2022) BRIZZI, Andrea; WHITTAKER, Charles; SERVO, Luciana M. S.; HAWRYLUK, Iwona; JR, Carlos A. Prete; SOUZA, William M. de; AGUIAR, Renato S.; ARAUJO, Leonardo J. T.; BASTOS, Leonardo S.; BLENKINSOP, Alexandra; BUSS, Lewis F.; CANDIDO, Darlan; CASTRO, Marcia C.; COSTA, Silvia F.; CRODA, Julio; SANTOS, Andreza Aruska de Souza; DYE, Christopher; FLAXMAN, Seth; FONSECA, Paula L. C.; GEDDES, Victor E. V.; GUTIERREZ, Bernardo; LEMEY, Philippe; LEVIN, Anna S.; MELLAN, Thomas; BONFIM, Diego M.; MISCOURIDOU, Xenia; MISHRA, Swapnil; MONOD, Melodie; MOREIRA, Filipe R. R.; NELSON, Bruce; PEREIRA, Rafael H. M.; RANZANI, Otavio; SCHNEKENBERG, Ricardo P.; SEMENOVA, Elizaveta; SONNABEND, Raphael; SOUZA, Renan P.; XI, Xiaoyue; SABINO, Ester C.; FARIA, Nuno R.; BHATT, Samir; RATMANN, OliverAnalysis of individual-level patient records from Brazil reveals that the extensive shocks in COVID-19 mortality rates are associated with pre-pandemic geographic inequities as well as shortages in healthcare capacity during the pandemic. The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Gamma variant of concern has spread rapidly across Brazil since late 2020, causing substantial infection and death waves. Here we used individual-level patient records after hospitalization with suspected or confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) between 20 January 2020 and 26 July 2021 to document temporary, sweeping shocks in hospital fatality rates that followed the spread of Gamma across 14 state capitals, during which typically more than half of hospitalized patients aged 70 years and older died. We show that such extensive shocks in COVID-19 in-hospital fatality rates also existed before the detection of Gamma. Using a Bayesian fatality rate model, we found that the geographic and temporal fluctuations in Brazil's COVID-19 in-hospital fatality rates were primarily associated with geographic inequities and shortages in healthcare capacity. We estimate that approximately half of the COVID-19 deaths in hospitals in the 14 cities could have been avoided without pre-pandemic geographic inequities and without pandemic healthcare pressure. Our results suggest that investments in healthcare resources, healthcare optimization and pandemic preparedness are critical to minimize population-wide mortality and morbidity caused by highly transmissible and deadly pathogens such as SARS-CoV-2, especially in low- and middle-income countries.
- Three-quarters attack rate of SARS-CoV-2 in the Brazilian Amazon during a largely unmitigated epidemic(2021) BUSS, Lewis F.; JR, Carlos A. Prete; ABRAHIM, Claudia M. M.; JR, Alfredo Mendrone; SALOMON, Tassila; ALMEIDA-NETO, Cesar de; FRANCA, Rafael F. O.; BELOTTI, Maria C.; CARVALHO, Maria P. S. S.; COSTA, Allyson G.; CRISPIM, Myuki A. E.; FERREIRA, Suzete C.; FRAIJI, Nelson A.; GURZENDA, Susie; WHITTAKER, Charles; KAMAURA, Leonardo T.; TAKECIAN, Pedro L.; PEIXOTO, Pedro da Silva; OIKAWA, Marcio K.; NISHIYA, Anna S.; ROCHA, Vanderson; SALLES, Nanci A.; SANTOS, Andreza Aruska de Souza; SILVA, Martirene A. da; CUSTER, Brian; V, Kris Parag; BARRAL-NETTO, Manoel; KRAEMER, Moritz U. G.; PEREIRA, Rafael H. M.; PYBUS, Oliver G.; BUSCH, Michael P.; CASTRO, Marcia C.; DYE, Christopher; NASCIMENTO, Vitor H.; FARIA, Nuno R.; SABINO, Ester C.Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spread rapidly in Manaus, the capital of Amazonas state in northern Brazil. The attack rate there is an estimate of the final size of the largely unmitigated epidemic that occurred in Manaus. We use a convenience sample of blood donors to show that by June 2020, 1 month after the epidemic peak in Manaus, 44% of the population had detectable immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies. Correcting for cases without a detectable antibody response and for antibody waning, we estimate a 66% attack rate in June, rising to 76% in October. This is higher than in Sao Paulo, in southeastern Brazil, where the estimated attack rate in October was 29%. These results confirm that when poorly controlled, COVID-19 can infect a large proportion of the population, causing high mortality.
- Spatial and temporal fluctuations in COVID-19 fatality rates in Brazilian hospitals (May, 10.1038/s41591-022-01807-1, 2022)(2022) BRIZZI, Andrea; WHITTAKER, Charles; SERVO, Luciana M. S.; HAWRYLUK, Iwona; PRETE JR., Carlos A.; SOUZA, William M. de; AGUIAR, Renato S.; ARAUJO, Leonardo J. T.; BASTOS, Leonardo S.; BLENKINSOP, Alexandra; BUSS, Lewis F.; CANDIDO, Darlan; CASTRO, Marcia C.; COSTA, Silvia F.; CRODA, Julio; SANTOS, Andreza Aruska de Souza; DYE, Christopher; FLAXMAN, Seth; FONSECA, Paula L. C.; GEDDES, Victor E. V.; GUTIERREZ, Bernardo; LEMEY, Philippe; LEVIN, Anna S.; MELLAN, Thomas; BONFIM, Diego M.; MISCOURIDOU, Xenia; MISHRA, Swapnil; MONOD, Melodie; MOREIRA, Filipe R. R.; NELSON, Bruce; PEREIRA, Rafael H. M.; RANZANI, Otavio; SCHNEKENBERG, Ricardo P.; SEMENOVA, Elizaveta; SONABEND, Raphael; SOUZA, Renan P.; XI, Xiaoyue; SABINO, Ester C.; FARIA, Nuno R.; BHATT, Samir; RATMANN, Oliver
- Higher risk of death from COVID-19 in low-income and non-White populations of SAo Paulo, Brazil(2021) LI, Sabrina L.; PEREIRA, Rafael H. M.; JR, Carlos A. Prete; ZAREBSKI, Alexander E.; EMANUEL, Lucas; ALVES, Pedro J. H.; PEIXOTO, Pedro S.; V, Carlos K. Braga; SANTOS, Andreza Aruska de Souza; SOUZA, William M. de; BARBOSA, Rogerio J.; BUSS, Lewis F.; MENDRONE, Alfredo; ALMEIDA-NETO, Cesar de; FERREIRA, Suzete C.; SALLES, Nanci A.; MARCILIO, Izabel; WU, Chieh-Hsi; GOUVEIA, Nelson; NASCIMENTO, Vitor H.; SABINO, Ester C.; FARIA, Nuno R.; MESSINA, Jane P.IntroductionLittle evidence exists on the differential health effects of COVID-19 on disadvantaged population groups. Here we characterise the differential risk of hospitalisation and death in SAo Paulo state, Brazil, and show how vulnerability to COVID-19 is shaped by socioeconomic inequalities.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study using hospitalised severe acute respiratory infections notified from March to August 2020 in the Sistema de Monitoramento Inteligente de SAo Paulo database. We examined the risk of hospitalisation and death by race and socioeconomic status using multiple data sets for individual-level and spatiotemporal analyses. We explained these inequalities according to differences in daily mobility from mobile phone data, teleworking behaviour and comorbidities.ResultsThroughout the study period, patients living in the 40% poorest areas were more likely to die when compared with patients living in the 5% wealthiest areas (OR: 1.60, 95% CI 1.48 to 1.74) and were more likely to be hospitalised between April and July 2020 (OR: 1.08, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.12). Black and Pardo individuals were more likely to be hospitalised when compared with White individuals (OR: 1.41, 95% CI 1.37 to 1.46; OR: 1.26, 95% CI 1.23 to 1.28, respectively), and were more likely to die (OR: 1.13, 95% CI 1.07 to 1.19; 1.07, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.10, respectively) between April and July 2020. Once hospitalised, patients treated in public hospitals were more likely to die than patients in private hospitals (OR: 1.40%, 95% CI 1.34% to 1.46%). Black individuals and those with low education attainment were more likely to have one or more comorbidities, respectively (OR: 1.29, 95% CI 1.19 to 1.39; 1.36, 95% CI 1.27 to 1.45).ConclusionsLow-income and Black and Pardo communities are more likely to die with COVID-19. This is associated with differential access to quality healthcare, ability to self-isolate and the higher prevalence of comorbidities.
- Reinfection by the SARS-CoV-2 Gamma variant in blood donors in Manaus, Brazil(2022) PRETE JR., Carlos A.; BUSS, Lewis F.; BUCCHERI, Renata; ABRAHIM, Claudia M. M.; SALOMON, Tassila; CRISPIM, Myuki A. E.; OIKAWA, Marcio K.; GREBE, Eduard; COSTA, Allyson G. da; FRAIJI, Nelson A.; CARVALHO, Maria do P. S. S.; WHITTAKER, Charles; ALEXANDER, Neal; FARIA, Nuno R.; DYE, Christopher; NASCIMENTO, Vitor H.; BUSCH, Michael P.; SABINO, Ester CerdeiraBackground The city of Manaus, north Brazil, was stricken by a second epidemic wave of SARS-CoV-2 despite high seroprevalence estimates, coinciding with the emergence of the Gamma (P.1) variant. Reinfections were postulated as a partial explanation for the second surge. However, accurate calculation of reinfection rates is difficult when stringent criteria as two time-separated RT-PCR tests and/or genome sequencing are required. To estimate the proportion of reinfections caused by Gamma during the second wave in Manaus and the protection conferred by previous infection, we identified anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody boosting in repeat blood donors as a mean to infer reinfection. Methods We tested serial blood samples from unvaccinated repeat blood donors in Manaus for the presence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies using two assays that display waning in early convalescence, enabling the detection of reinfection-induced boosting. Donors were required to have three or more donations, being at least one during each epidemic wave. We propose a strict serological definition of reinfection (reactivity boosting following waning like a V-shaped curve in both assays or three spaced boostings), probable (two separate boosting events) and possible (reinfection detected by only one assay) reinfections. The serial samples were used to divide donors into six groups defined based on the inferred sequence of infection and reinfection with non-Gamma and Gamma variants. Results From 3655 repeat blood donors, 238 met all inclusion criteria, and 223 had enough residual sample volume to perform both serological assays. We found 13.6% (95% CI 7.0-24.5%) of all presumed Gamma infections that were observed in 2021 were reinfections. If we also include cases of probable or possible reinfections, these percentages increase respectively to 22.7% (95% CI 14.3-34.2%) and 39.3% (95% CI 29.5-50.0%). Previous infection conferred a protection against reinfection of 85.3% (95% CI 71.3-92.7%), decreasing to respectively 72.5% (95% CI 54.7-83.6%) and 39.5% (95% CI 14.1-57.8%) if probable and possible reinfections are included. Conclusions Reinfection by Gamma is common and may play a significant role in epidemics where Gamma is prevalent, highlighting the continued threat variants of concern pose even to settings previously hit by substantial epidemics.
- Resurgence of COVID-19 in Manaus, Brazil, despite high seroprevalence(2021) SABINO, Ester C.; BUSS, Lewis F.; CARVALHO, Maria P. S.; PRETE JR., Carlos A.; CRISPIM, Myuki A. E.; FRAIJI, Nelson A.; PEREIRA, Rafael H. M.; PARAG, Kris V.; PEIXOTO, Pedro da Silva; KRAEMER, Moritz U. G.; OIKAWA, Marcio K.; SALOMON, Tassila; CUCUNUBA, Zulma M.; CASTRO, Marcia C.; SANTOS, Andreza Aruska de Souza; NASCIMENTO, Vitor H.; PEREIRA, Henrique S.; FERGUSON, Neil M.; PYBUS, Oliver G.; KUCHARSKI, Adam; BUSCH, Michael P.; DYE, Christopher; FARIA, Nuno R.