Artigos e Materiais de Revistas Científicas - LIM/27
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A coleção de Artigos e Materiais de Revistas Científicas engloba artigos originais, artigos de revisão, artigos de atualização, artigos técnicos, relatos de experiências, resenhas, ensaios, editoriais, cartas ao editor, debates, notas científicas e técnicas, depoimentos, entrevistas e pontos de vista. Consideram-se como artigos científicos originais os trabalhos redigidos para divulgação de informações e resultados sobre determinada pesquisa científica, publicados em periódico científico após avaliação por outros pesquisadores.
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- New treatment strategies for mental health(2023) HASHIMOTO, Kenji; SCHMITT, Andrea
- Disturbed Oligodendroglial Maturation Causes Cognitive Dysfunction in Schizophrenia: A New Hypothesis(2023) FALKAI, Peter; ROSSNER, Moritz J.; RAABE, Florian J.; WAGNER, Elias; KEESER, Daniel; MAURUS, Isabel; ROELL, Lukas; CHANG, Emily; SEITZ-HOLLAND, Johanna; SCHULZE, Thomas G.; SCHMITT, AndreaBackground and Hypothesis Cognitive impairment is a hallmark of schizophrenia, but no effective treatment is available to date. The underlying pathophysiology includes disconnectivity between hippocampal and prefrontal brain regions. Supporting evidence comes from diffusion-weighted imaging studies that suggest abnormal organization of frontotemporal white matter pathways in schizophrenia. Study Design Here, we hypothesize that in schizophrenia, deficient maturation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) into mature oligodendrocytes substantially contributes to abnormal frontotemporal macro- and micro-connectivity and subsequent cognitive deficits. Study Results Our postmortem studies indicate a reduced oligodendrocyte number in the cornu ammonis 4 (CA4) subregion of the hippocampus, and others have reported the same histopathological finding in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Our series of studies on aerobic exercise training showed a volume increase in the hippocampus, specifically in the CA4 region, and improved cognition in individuals with schizophrenia. The cognitive effects were subsequently confirmed by meta-analyses. Cell-specific schizophrenia polygenic risk scores showed that exercise-induced CA4 volume increase significantly correlates with OPCs. From animal models, it is evident that early life stress and oligodendrocyte-related gene variants lead to schizophrenia-related behavior, cognitive deficits, impaired oligodendrocyte maturation, and reduced myelin thickness. Conclusions Based on these findings, we propose that pro-myelinating drugs (e.g., the histamine blocker clemastine) combined with aerobic exercise training may foster the regeneration of myelin plasticity as a basis for restoring frontotemporal connectivity and cognition in schizophrenia.
- Cellular pathology in the limbic system in schizophrenia(2023) SCHMITT, Andrea; FALKAI, Peter
- Data-driven, cross-disciplinary collaboration: lessons learned at the largest academic health center in Latin America during the COVID-19 pandemic(2024) RITTO, Ana Paula; ARAUJO, Adriana Ladeira de; CARVALHO, Carlos Roberto Ribeiro de; SOUZA, Heraldo Possolo De; FAVARETTO, Patricia Manga e Silva; SABOYA, Vivian Renata Boldrim; GARCIA, Michelle Louvaes; KULIKOWSKI, Leslie Domenici; KALLAS, Esper Georges; PEREIRA, Antonio Jose Rodrigues; COBELLO JUNIOR, Vilson; SILVA, Katia Regina; ABDALLA, Eidi Raquel Franco; SEGURADO, Aluisio Augusto Cotrim; SABINO, Ester Cerdeira; RIBEIRO JUNIOR, Ulysses; FRANCISCO, Rossana Pulcineli Vieira; MIETHKE-MORAIS, Anna; LEVIN, Anna Sara Shafferman; SAWAMURA, Marcio Valente Yamada; FERREIRA, Juliana Carvalho; SILVA, Clovis Artur; MAUAD, Thais; GOUVEIA, Nelson da Cruz; LETAIF, Leila Suemi Harima; BEGO, Marco Antonio; BATTISTELLA, Linamara Rizzo; DUARTE, Alberto Jose da Silva; SEELAENDER, Marilia Cerqueira Leite; MARCHINI, Julio; FORLENZA, Orestes Vicente; ROCHA, Vanderson Geraldo; MENDES-CORREA, Maria Cassia; COSTA, Silvia Figueiredo; CERRI, Giovanni Guido; BONFA, Eloisa Silva Dutra de Oliveira; CHAMMAS, Roger; BARROS FILHO, Tarcisio Eloy Pessoa de; BUSATTO FILHO, GeraldoIntroduction The COVID-19 pandemic has prompted global research efforts to reduce infection impact, highlighting the potential of cross-disciplinary collaboration to enhance research quality and efficiency.Methods At the FMUSP-HC academic health system, we implemented innovative flow management routines for collecting, organizing and analyzing demographic data, COVID-related data and biological materials from over 4,500 patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection hospitalized from 2020 to 2022. This strategy was mainly planned in three areas: organizing a database with data from the hospitalizations; setting-up a multidisciplinary taskforce to conduct follow-up assessments after discharge; and organizing a biobank. Additionally, a COVID-19 curated collection was created within the institutional digital library of academic papers to map the research output.Results Over the course of the experience, the possible benefits and challenges of this type of research support approach were identified and discussed, leading to a set of recommended strategies to enhance collaboration within the research institution. Demographic and clinical data from COVID-19 hospitalizations were compiled in a database including adults and a minority of children and adolescents with laboratory confirmed COVID-19, covering 2020-2022, with approximately 350 fields per patient. To date, this database has been used in 16 published studies. Additionally, we assessed 700 adults 6 to 11 months after hospitalization through comprehensive, multidisciplinary in-person evaluations; this database, comprising around 2000 fields per subject, was used in 15 publications. Furthermore, thousands of blood samples collected during the acute phase and follow-up assessments remain stored for future investigations. To date, more than 3,700 aliquots have been used in ongoing research investigating various aspects of COVID-19. Lastly, the mapping of the overall research output revealed that between 2020 and 2022 our academic system produced 1,394 scientific articles on COVID-19.Discussion Research is a crucial component of an effective epidemic response, and the preparation process should include a well-defined plan for organizing and sharing resources. The initiatives described in the present paper were successful in our aim to foster large-scale research in our institution. Although a single model may not be appropriate for all contexts, cross-disciplinary collaboration and open data sharing should make health research systems more efficient to generate the best evidence.
- Effects of Exercise on Structural and Functional Brain Patterns in Schizophrenia-Data From a Multicenter Randomized-Controlled Study(2024) ROELL, Lukas; KEESER, Daniel; PAPAZOV, Boris; LEMBECK, Moritz; PAPAZOVA, Irina; GRESKA, David; MUENZ, Susanne; SCHNEIDER-AXMANN, Thomas; SYKOROVA, Eliska B.; THIEME, Christina E.; VOGEL, Bob O.; MOHNKE, Sebastian; HUPPERTZ, Charlotte; ROEH, Astrid; KELLER-VARADY, Katriona; MALCHOW, Berend; STOECKLEIN, Sophia; ERTL-WAGNER, Birgit; HENKEL, Karsten; WOLFARTH, Bernd; TANTCHIK, Wladimir; WALTER, Henrik; HIRJAK, Dusan; SCHMITT, Andrea; HASAN, Alkomiet; MEYER-LINDENBERG, Andreas; FALKAI, Peter; MAURUS, IsabelBackground and Hypothesis: Aerobic exercise interventions in people with schizophrenia have been demonstrated to improve clinical outcomes, but findings regarding the underlying neural mechanisms are limited and mainly focus on the hippocampal formation. Therefore, we conducted a global exploratory analysis of structural and functional neural adaptations after exercise and explored their clinical implications.Study Design: In this randomized controlled trial, structural and functional MRI data were available for 91 patients with schizophrenia who performed either aerobic exercise on a bicycle ergometer or underwent a flexibility, strengthening, and balance training as control group. We analyzed clinical and neuroimaging data before and after 6 months of regular exercise. Bayesian linear mixed models and Bayesian logistic regressions were calculated to evaluate effects of exercise on multiple neural outcomes and their potential clinical relevance.Study Results: Our results indicated that aerobic exercise in people with schizophrenia led to structural and functional adaptations mainly within the default-mode network, the cortico-striato-pallido-thalamo-cortical loop, and the cerebello-thalamo-cortical pathway. We further observed that volume increases in the right posterior cingulate gyrus as a central node of the default-mode network were linked to improvements in disorder severity.Conclusions: These exploratory findings suggest a positive impact of aerobic exercise on 3 cerebral networks that are involved in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia.
- Publishing Negative Results of Neurobiological Studies in Mental Disorders Will Advance Knowledge in Pathophysiology(2023) STEINER, Johann; SCHMITT, Andrea; FALKAI, Peter
- Exercise as an add-on treatment in individuals with schizophrenia: Results from a large multicenter randomized controlled trial(2023) MAURUS, Isabel; ROELL, Lukas; LEMBECK, Moritz; PAPAZOVA, Irina; GRESKA, David; MUENZ, Susanne; WAGNER, Elias; CAMPANA, Mattia; SCHWAIGER, Rebecca; SCHNEIDER-AXMANN, Thomas; ROSENBERGER, Kerstin; HELLMICH, Martin; SYKOROVA, Eliska; THIEME, Cristina E.; VOGEL, Bob O.; HARDER, Carolin; MOHNKE, Sebastian; HUPPERTZ, Charlotte; ROEH, Astrid; KELLER-VARADY, Katriona; MALCHOW, Berend; WALTER, Henrik; WOLFARTH, Bernd; WOLWER, Wolfgang; HENKEL, Karsten; HIRJAK, Dusan; SCHMITT, Andrea; HASAN, Alkomiet; MEYER-LINDENBERG, Andreas; FALKAI, PeterCurrent treatment methods do not achieve recovery for most individuals with schizophrenia, and symptoms such as negative symptoms and cognitive deficits often persist. Aerobic endurance training has been suggested as a potential add-on treatment targeting both physical and mental health. We performed a large-scale multicenter, rater-blind, parallel-group randomized controlled clinical trial in individuals with stable schizophrenia. Participants underwent a professionally supervised six-month training comprising either aerobic endurance training (AET) or flexibility, strengthening, and balance training (FSBT, control group), follow-up was another six months. The primary endpoint was all-cause discontinuation (ACD); secondary endpoints included effects on psychopathology, cognition, functioning, and cardiovascular risk. In total, 180 participants were randomized. AET was not superior to FSBT in ACD and most secondary outcomes, with dropout rates of 59.55% and 57.14% in the six-month active phase, respectively. However, both groups showed significant improvements in positive, general, and total symptoms, levels of functioning and in cognitive performance. A higher training frequency additionally promoted further memory domains. Participants with higher baseline cognitive abilities were more likely to respond to the interventions. Our results support integrating exercise into schizophrenia treatment, while future studies should aim to develop personalized training recommendations to maximize exercise-induced benefits.
- Treatment of negative symptoms in schizophrenia: a challenge for clinical research(2023) SCHMITT, Andrea; MAURUS, Isabel; FALKAI, Peter
- The relationship between internet gaming disorder and psychotic experiences: cyberbullying and insomnia severity as mediators(2023) FEKIH-ROMDHANE, Feten; LAMLOUM, Eya; LOCH, Alexandre Andrade; CHERIF, Wissal; CHEOUR, Majda; HALLIT, SouheilBackgroundThe nature of the relationship between Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) and psychosis is unclear so far. There is evidence that greater time spent in playing video games may expose players to both insomnia and a toxic online environment with widespread cyberbullying. These two possible consequences of IGD may, in turn, be associated with greater psychotic experiences (PE). Based on this theoretical framework, the present study proposed to contribute the body of the knowledge in this area, by testing the possible indirect effects of insomnia severity, cyber-victimization and cyberbullying in the cross-sectional association between IGD and PE in a sample of Tunisian university students.MethodWe conducted a cross-sectional study over 4 months (February-May 2022). The Arabic versions of the Brief Symptom Inventory, the Internet Gaming disorder-20 Test, the Insomnia Severity Index, and the Revised Cyber Bullying Inventory-II were administered to a total of 851 students (mean age = 21.26 +/- 1.68 years, 53.7% females).ResultsWe found that 25% of students were at risk of IGD, and 1.8% had an IGD. The results of the mediation analysis showed that insomnia severity fully mediated the association between IGD and paranoid ideation. Higher IGD was significantly associated with more insomnia severity, which was, in turn, significantly associated with more paranoid ideation. Cyberbullying partly mediated the association between IGD and psychoticism. Higher IGD scores were significantly associated with more cyberbullying, which was, in turn, significantly associated with more psychoticism. Finally, greater IGD was significantly and directly associated with higher psychoticism.ConclusionOur findings suggest that insomnia and cyberbullying may be regarded as potential targets for youth mental health promotion, as well as community-focused prevention and early intervention in psychosis. More particular attention should be devoted to the huge potential for engaging in cyberbullying among online gamers. Sleep deprivation should be prevented, assessed and treated in heavy gamers.
- ChatGPT is not ready yet for use in providing mental health assessment and interventions(2024) DERGAA, Ismail; FEKIH-ROMDHANE, Feten; HALLIT, Souheil; LOCH, Alexandre Andrade; GLENN, Jordan M.; FESSI, Mohamed Saifeddin; AISSA, Mohamed Ben; SOUISSI, Nizar; GUELMAMI, Noomen; SWED, Sarya; OMRI, Abdelfatteh El; BRAGAZZI, Nicola Luigi; SAAD, Helmi BenBackground: Psychiatry is a specialized field of medicine that focuses on the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of mental health disorders. With advancements in technology and the rise of artificial intelligence (AI), there has been a growing interest in exploring the potential of AI language models systems, such as Chat Generative Pre-training Transformer (ChatGPT), to assist in the field of psychiatry. Objective: Our study aimed to evaluates the effectiveness, reliability and safeness of ChatGPT in assisting patients with mental health problems, and to assess its potential as a collaborative tool for mental health professionals through a simulated interaction with three distinct imaginary patients. Methods: Three imaginary patient scenarios (cases A, B, and C) were created, representing different mental health problems. All three patients present with, and seek to eliminate, the same chief complaint (i.e., difficulty falling asleep and waking up frequently during the night in the last 2 degrees weeks). ChatGPT was engaged as a virtual psychiatric assistant to provide responses and treatment recommendations. Results: In case A, the recommendations were relatively appropriate (albeit non-specific), and could potentially be beneficial for both users and clinicians. However, as complexity of clinical cases increased (cases B and C), the information and recommendations generated by ChatGPT became inappropriate, even dangerous; and the limitations of the program became more glaring. The main strengths of ChatGPT lie in its ability to provide quick responses to user queries and to simulate empathy. One notable limitation is ChatGPT inability to interact with users to collect further information relevant to the diagnosis and management of a patient's clinical condition. Another serious limitation is ChatGPT inability to use critical thinking and clinical judgment to drive patient's management. Conclusion: As for July 2023, ChatGPT failed to give the simple medical advice given certain clinical scenarios. This supports that the quality of ChatGPT-generated content is still far from being a guide for users and professionals to provide accurate mental health information. It remains, therefore, premature to conclude on the usefulness and safety of ChatGPT in mental health practice.
- Moderating effect of alexithymia between problem gambling and psychotic experiences in university students(2024) FEKIH-ROMDHANE, Feten; GHRISSI, Farah; STAMBOULI, Manel; HAKIRI, Abir; LOCH, Alexandre Andrade; CHEOUR, Majda; HALLIT, SouheilBackgroundMost of the young individuals with problem gambling (PG) or psychotic experiences (PEs) are less prone to seek medical help. Therefore, community-based studies investigating the relationship between these entities in non-clinical young people across a continuum of severity are warranted. To this end, the present study proposes to advance knowledge on the mechanisms that potentially underlie the association between PG and PEs, by examining the role of a potential moderator, i.e. alexithymia, in this relationship.MethodsA total of 399 participants enrolled in this study (mean age = 21.58 +/- 3.20 years) participated in an online cross-sectional survey. The South Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS), the Prodromal Questionnaire-Brief (PQ-B), and the Toronto alexithymia scale (TAS-20) were used.ResultsThirty-three (8.3%) participants had problem-gambling, whereas 13 (3.3%) were probable pathological gamblers. Moderation analysis results adjusted over confounders (age, household crowding index, marital status, personal history of mental disorder, other illegal drug use) showed that the interaction PG by alexithymia (p = .018) was significantly associated with PEs scores. At moderate (Beta = 1.93) and high (Beta = 3.38) levels of alexithymia, more PG was significantly associated with more PEs scores.ConclusionFindings suggest that GP may have a different impact on PEs depending on the individual's level of alexithymia. As such, both alexithymia and gambling behavior should be considered in the clinical assessment of young people who present with PEs, which can help in implementing more tailored and individualized treatment plans.
- Suicide literacy mediates the path from religiosity to suicide stigma among Muslim community adults: Cross-sectional data from four Arab countries(2023) FEKIH-ROMDHANE, Feten; DAHER-NASHIF, Suhad; STAMBOULI, Manel; ALHUWAILAH, Amthal; HELMY, Mai; SHUWIEKH, Hanaa Ahmed Mohamed; LEMINE, Cheikh Mohamed Fadel Mohamed; RADWAN, Eqbal; SAQUIB, Juliann; SAQUIB, Nazmus; FAWAZ, Mirna; ZARROUQ, Btissame; NASER, Abdallah Y.; OBEID, Sahar; SALEH, Maan; HAIDER, Sanad; MILOUD, Lahmer; BADRASAWI, Manal; HAMDAN-MANSOUR, Ayman; BARBATO, Mariapaola; BAKHIET, Aisha; SAYEM, Najat; ADAWI, Samir; GREIN, Fatheya; LOCH, Alexandre Andrade; CHEOUR, Majda; HALLIT, SouheilBackground:The majority of research attention has been devoted to the link between religiosity and suicide risk, and a considerable amount of studies has been carried out on how stigma impacts individuals with mental health problems of different kinds. However, the interplay between religiosity, suicide literacy and suicide stigma has seldom been empirically researched, especially quantitatively. We sought through this study to redress the imbalance of research attention by examining the relationship between religiosity and suicide stigma; and the indirect and moderating effects of suicide literacy on this relationship. Method: A cross-sectional web-based survey was conducted among Arab-Muslim adults originating from four Arab countries (Egypt: N=1029, Kuwait: N=2182, Lebanon N=781, Tunisia N=2343; Total sample: N=6335). The outcome measures included the Arabic Religiosity Scale which taps into variation in the degree of religiosity, the Stigma of Suicide Scale-short form to the solicit degree of stigma related to suicide, and the Literacy of Suicide Scale explores knowledge and understanding of suicide. Results: Our Mediation analyses findings showed that literacy of suicide partially mediated the association between religiosity and stigmatizing attitude toward suicide. Higher religiosity was significantly associated with less literacy of suicide; higher literacy of suicide was significantly associated with less stigma of suicide. Finally, higher religiosity was directly and significantly associated with more stigmatization attitude toward suicide. Conclusion: We contribute the literature by showing, for the first time, that suicide literacy plays a mediating role in the association between religiosity and suicide stigma in a sample of Arab-Muslim community adults. This preliminarily suggests that the effects of religiosity on suicide stigma can be modifiable through improving suicide literacy. This implies that interventions targeting highly religious individuals should pay dual attention to increasing suicide literacy and lowering suicide stigma.
- Detection of Helicobacter pylori in gastric cancer tissue through histopathology, immunohistochemistry and real-time reverse transcription-PCR (vol 15, pg 1131, 2020)(2022) CASTANEDA, Carlos A.; CASTILLO, Miluska; SANCHEZ, Joselyn; CASAVILCA, Sandro; SANCHEZ, Juvenal; BERNABE, Luis A.; SUAREZ, Nancy; CHAVEZ, Ivan; RUIZ, Eloy; TELLO, Katherine; VILLA, Maria R.; ZEVALLOS, Rocio; MONTENEGRO, Paola; DIAS-NETO, Emmanuel; LANDA-BAELLA, Maria; TAXA, Luis
- Disclosing quantitative RT-PCR raw data during manuscript submission: a call for action(2023) UNTERGASSER, Andreas; HELLEMANS, Jan; PFAFFL, Michael W.; RUIJTER, Jan M.; HOFF, Maurice J. B. van den; DRAGOMIR, Mihnea P.; ADAMOSKI, Douglas; DIAS, Sandra Martha Gomes; REIS, Rui Manuel; FERRACIN, Manuela; DIAS-NETO, Emmanuel; MARSH, Ian; KUBISTA, Mikael; FABBRI, Muller; GOEL, Ajay; SLABY, Ondrej; KNUTSEN, Erik; CHEN, Baoqing; NEGRINI, Massimo; MIMORI, Koshi; PICHLER, Martin; PAPATRIANTAFYLLOU, Maria; ANFOSSI, Simone; SCHMITTGEN, Thomas D.; HUGGETT, Jim; BUSTIN, Stephen; VANDESOMPELE, Jo; CALIN, George A.Accuracy and transparency of scientific data are becoming more and more relevant with the increasing concern regarding the evaluation of data reproducibility in many research areas. This concern is also true for quantifying coding and noncoding RNAs, with the remarkable increase in publications reporting RNA profiling and sequencing studies. To address the problem, we propose the following recommendations: (a) accurate documentation of experimental procedures in Materials and methods (and not only in the supplementary information, as many journals have a strict mandate for making Materials and methods as visible as possible in the main text); (b) submission of RT-qPCR raw data for all experiments reported; and (c) adoption of a unified, simple format for submitted RT-qPCR raw data. The Real-time PCR Data Essential Spreadsheet Format (RDES) was created for this purpose.
- Demographic and clinical associations to employment status in older-age bipolar disorder: Analysis from the GAGE-BD database project(2023) MALLU, Amulya; CHAN, Carol K.; EYLER, Lisa T.; DOLS, Annemiek; REJ, Soham; BLUMBERG, Hilary P.; SARNA, Kaylee; FORESTER, Brent P.; PATRICK, Regan E.; FORLENZA, Orestes V.; JIMENEZ, Esther; VIETA, Eduard; SCHOUWS, Sigfried; SUTHERLAND, Ashley; YALA, Joy; BRIGGS, Farren B. S.; SAJATOVIC, MarthaObjective: The current literature on employment in older adults with bipolar disorder (OABD) is limited. Using the Global Aging and Geriatric Experiments in Bipolar Disorder Database (GAGE-BD), we examined the relationship of occupational status in OABD to other demographic and clinical characteristics.Methods: Seven hundred and thirty-eight participants from 11 international samples with data on educational level and occupational status were included. Employment status was dichotomized as employed versus unemployed. Generalized linear mixed models with random intercepts for the study cohort were used to examine the relationship between baseline characteristics and employment. Predictors in the models included baseline demographics, education, psychiatric symptom severity, psychiatric comorbidity, somatic comorbidity, and prior psychiatric hospitalizations.Results: In the sample, 23.6% (n = 174) were employed, while 76.4% were unemployed (n = 564). In multivariable logistic regression models, less education, older age, a history of both anxiety and substance/alcohol use disorders, more prior psychiatric hospitalizations, and higher levels of BD depression severity were associated with greater odds of unemployment. In the subsample of individuals less than 65 years of age, findings were similar. No significant association between manic symptoms, gender, age of onset, or employment status was observed.Conclusion: Results suggest an association between educational level, age, psychiatric severity and comorbidity in relation to employment in OABD. Implications include the need for management of psychiatric symptoms and comorbidity across the lifespan, as well as improving educational access for people with BD and skills training or other support for those with work-life breaks to re-enter employment and optimize the overall outcome.
- Cannabis use influences disorganized symptoms severity but not transition in a cohort of non-help-seeking individuals at-risk for psychosis from Sao Paulo, Brazil(2024) MEDEIROS, Matheus Wanderley de; ANDRADE, Julio Cesar; HADDAD, Natalia Mansur; MENDONCA, Melina; JESUS, Leonardo Peroni de; FEKIH-ROMDHANE, Feten; BILT, Martinus Theodorus van de; GATTAZ, Wagner Farid; LOCH, Alexandre AndradeBackground: Cannabis use is associated with an increased risk of developing a psychotic disorder. However, in individuals with at-risk mental states for psychosis (ARMS) this association is not clear, as well as the impact of cannabis use on symptom severity. The objective of this study was to evaluate the association of cannabis use patterns and ARMS risk status, transition to psychotic and psychiatric disorders, and psychopathology.Method: A sample of 109 ARMS and 197 control individuals was drawn from the general population. Lifetime, maximum and current amount of cannabis use were assessed with the South Westminster modified questionnaire. Participants were followed-up for a mean of 2.5 years and reassessed for transition to any psychiatric disorder. Results: There were no differences between ARMS and controls regarding lifetime use, current amount of use, or maximum amount of cannabis use. There were also no differences between those who transitioned to a psychiatric disorder and those who did not regarding cannabis use variables. In ARMS individuals, cannabis use was significantly related to disorganization symptoms.Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that cannabis plays a role in the psychopathology of ARMS individuals, leading to more severe symptomatology.
- Lithium Prevents Telomere Shortening in Cortical Neurons in Amyloid-Beta Induced Toxicity(2023) THEMOTEO, Rafael M.; PAULA, Vanessa J. R. De; ROCHA, Nicole K. R.; BRENTANI, Helena; FORLENZA, Orestes V.Background: There is consistent evidence of the potential benefits of lithium attenuating mechanisms of neurodegeneration, including those related to the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD), and facilitating neurotrophic and protective responses, including maintenance of telomere length. The aim was to investigate the protective effect of the pre-treatment with lithium on amyloid-beta (A beta)-induced toxicity and telomere length in neurons. Methods: Cortical neurons were treated with lithium chloride at therapeutic and subtherapeutic concentrations (2 mM, 0.2 mM and 0.02 mM) for seven days. Amyloid toxicity was induced 24 h before the end of lithium treatment. Results: Lithium resulted in 120% (2 mM), 180% (0.2 mM) and 140% (0.02 mM) increments in telomere length as compared to untreated controls. Incubation with A beta 1-42 was associated with significant reductions in MTT uptake (33%) and telomere length (83%) as compared to controls. Conclusions: Lithium prevented loss of culture viability and telomere shortening in neuronal cultures challenged with A beta fibrils.
- Adverse childhood experiences and clinical effects of transcranial direct current stimulation in major depressive disorder: Results from the DepressionDC trial(2023) BURKHARDT, Gerrit; GOERIGK, Stephan; BULUBAS, Lucia; DECHANTSREITER, Esther; KEESER, Daniel; KUMPF, Ulrike; SOLDINI, Aldo; WOLF, Johannes; AMANN, Benedikt L.; PLEWNIA, Christian; FALLGATTER, Andreas; LANGGUTH, Berthold; NORMANN, Claus; FRASE, Lukas; ZWANZGER, Peter; KAMMER, Thomas; SCHOENFELDT-LECUONA, Carlos; KAMP, Daniel; BAJBOUJ, Malek; FALKAIA, Peter; BRUNONI, Andre R.; BERTSCH, Katja; JOBST, Andrea; REINHARD, Matthias A.; PADBERG, Frank
- Comparing different non-invasive brain stimulation interventions for bipolar depression treatment: A network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials(2024) HSU, Chih-Wei; CHOU, Po-Han; BRUNONI, Andre R.; HUNG, Kuo-Chuan; TSENG, Ping-Tao; LIANG, Chih-Sung; CARVALHO, Andre F.; VIETA, Eduard; TU, Yu-Kang; LIN, Pao-Yen; CHU, Che-Sheng; HSU, Tien-Wei; CHEN, Yang-Chieh Brian; LI, Cheng-TaNon-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) is a promising treatment for bipolar depression. We systematically searched for randomized controlled trials on NIBS for treating bipolar depression (INPLASY No: 202340019). Eighteen articles (N = 617) were eligible for network meta-analysis. Effect sizes were reported as standardized mean differences (SMDs) or odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Anodal transcranial direct current stimulation over F3 plus cathodal transcranial direct current stimulation over F4 (a-tDCS-F3 +c-tDCS-F4; SMD =-1.18, 95%CIs =-1.66 to-0.69, N = 77), high-definition tDCS over F3 (HD-tDCS-F3;-1.17,-2.00 to 0.35, 25), high frequency deep transcranial magnetic stimulation (HF-dTMS;-0.81,-1.62 to-0.001, 25), and high frequency repetitive TMS over F3 plus low frequency repetitive TMS over F4 (HF-rTMS-F3 +LF-rTMS-F4; 0.77,-1.43 to-0.11, 38) significantly improved depressive symptoms compared to sham controls. Only atDCS-F3 +c-tDCS-F4 (OR = 4.53, 95%CIs = 1.51-13.65) and HF-rTMS-F3 +LF-rTMS-F4 (4.69, 1.02-21.56) showed higher response rates. No active NIBS interventions exhibited significant differences in dropout or side effect rates, compared with sham controls.
- Treatment resistance in schizophrenia: a meta-analysis of prevalence and correlates(2023) DINIZ, Elton; FONSECA, Lais; ROCHA, Deyvis; TREVIZOL, Alisson; CERQUEIRA, Raphael; ORTIZ, Bruno; BRUNONI, Andre R.; BRESSAN, Rodrigo; CORRELL, Christoph U.; GADELHA, AryObjective: To define the prevalence and correlates of treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS) through a systematic review and meta-analysis.Methods: Following PRISMA criteria, an electronic search was performed in PubMed and EMBASE through May 17, 2022. All study designs that assessed a minimum of 20 schizophrenia-spectrum patients, providing data on TRS prevalence or allowing its calculation, were included. Estimates were produced using a random-effects model meta-analysis.Results: The TRS prevalence across 50 studies (n=29,390 subjects, mean age=383 +/- 62 years, males=648 +/- 121%, mean illness duration=143 +/- 53 years) was 36.7% (95%CI=33.1-40.5%; I2=97.3%, p<0.0001). The prevalence ranged from 22% (95%CI=18.4-25.8%) in first-episode to 39.5% (95%CI=32.2-47.0%) in multiple-episode samples (Q=18.27, p<0.0001). Primary treatment resistance was 23.6% (95%CI=205-268%) vs. 9.3% (95%CI=68-122) for later-onset/secondary (>= 6 months after initial treatment response). Longer illness duration and recruitment from long-term hospitals or clozapine clinics were associated with higher prevalence estimates. In meta-regression analyses, older age and poor functioning predicted greater TRS. When including only studies with lower bias risk, the TRS prevalence was 28.4%.Conclusions: Different study designs and recruitment strategies accounted for most of the observed heterogeneity in TRS prevalence rates. The results point to early-onset and later-onset TRS as two separate disease pathways requiring clinical attention.