GABRIELA CASTILHO
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- In Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Glycated Albumin Alters Macrophage Gene Expression Impairing ABCA1-Mediated Cholesterol Efflux(2015) MACHADO-LIMA, Adriana; IBORRA, Rodrigo T.; PINTO, Raphael S.; CASTILHO, Gabriela; SARTORI, Camila H.; OLIVEIRA, Erika R.; OKUDA, Ligia S.; NAKANDAKARE, Edna R.; GIANNELLA-NETO, Daniel; MACHADO, Ubiratan F.; CORREA-GIANNELLA, Maria Lucia C.; TRALDI, Pietro; PORCU, Simona; ROVERSO, Marco; LAPOLLA, Annunziata; PASSARELLI, MarisaAdvanced glycation end products (AGE) are elevated in diabetes mellitus (DM) and predict the development of atherosclerosis. AGE-albumin induces oxidative stress, which is linked to a reduction in ABCA-1 and cholesterol efflux. We characterized the glycation level of human serum albumin (HSA) isolated from poorly controlled DM2 (n=11) patients compared with that of control (C, n=12) individuals and determined the mechanism by which DM2-HSA can interfere in macrophage lipid accumulation. The HSA glycation level was analyzed by MALDI/MS. Macrophages were treated for 18h with C- or DM2-HSA to measure the C-14-cholesterol efflux, the intracellular lipid accumulation and the cellular ABCA-1 protein content. Agilent arrays (44000 probes) were used to analyze gene expression, and the differentially expressed genes were validated by real-time RT-PCR. An increased mean mass was observed in DM2-HSA compared with C-HSA, reflecting the condensation of at least 5 units of glucose. The cholesterol efflux mediated by apo AI, HDL3, and HDL2 was impaired in DM2-HSA-treated cells, which was related to greater intracellular lipid accumulation. DM2-HSA decreased Abcg1 mRNA expression by 26%. Abca1 mRNA was unchanged, although the final ABCA-1 protein content decreased. Compared with C-HAS-treated cells, NADPH oxidase 4 mRNA expression increased in cells after DM2-HSA treatment. Stearoyl-Coenzyme A desaturase 1, janus kinase 2, and low density lipoprotein receptor mRNAs were reduced by DM2-HSA. The level of glycation that occurs in vivo in DM2-HSA-treated cells selectively alters macrophage gene expression, impairing cholesterol efflux and eliciting intracellular lipid accumulation, which contribute to atherogenesis, in individuals with DM2. J. Cell. Physiol. XXXX: XX-XX, 2015. (c) 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Cell. Physiol. 230: 1250-1257, 2015. (c) 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc., A Wiley Company