ANA PAULA MARTE CHACRA
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9
Projetos de Pesquisa
Unidades Organizacionais
Instituto do Coração, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina - Médico
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- Phenotypical, Clinical, and Molecular Aspects of Adults and Children With Homozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia in Iberoamerica(2020) ALVES, Ana Catarina; ALONSO, Rodrigo; DIAZ-DIAZ, Jose Luis; MEDEIROS, Ana Margarida; JANNES, Cinthia E.; MERCHAN, Alonso; VASQUES-CARDENAS, Norma A.; CUEVAS, Ada; CHACRA, Ana Paula; KRIEGER, Jose E.; ARROYO, Raquel; ARRIETA, Francisco; SCHREIER, Laura; CORRAL, Pablo; BANARES, Virginia G.; ARAUJO, Maria B.; BUSTOS, Paula; ASENJO, Sylvia; STOLL, Mario; DELL'OCA, Nicolas; REYES, Maria; RESSIA, Andres; CAMPO, Rafael; MAGANA-TORRES, Maria T.; METHA, Roopa; AGUILAR-SALINAS, Carlos A.; CEBALLOS-MACIAS, Jose J.; MORALES, Alvaro J. Ruiz; MATA, Pedro; BOURBON, Mafalda; SANTOS, Raul D.Objective: Characterize homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HoFH) individuals from Iberoamerica. Approach and Results: In a cross-sectional retrospective evaluation 134 individuals with a HoFH phenotype, 71 adults (age 39.3 +/- 15.8 years, 38.0% males), and 63 children (age 8.8 +/- 4.0 years, 50.8% males) were studied. Genetic characterization was available in 129 (96%). The majority (91%) were true homozygotes (true HoFH, n=79, 43.0% children, 46.8% males) or compound heterozygotes (compound heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia, n=39, 51.3% children, 46.2% males) with putative pathogenic variants in theLDLR. True HoFH due toLDLRvariants had higher total (P=0.015) and LDL (low-density lipoprotein)-cholesterol (P=0.008) compared with compound heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia. Children with true HoFH (n=34) tended to be diagnosed earlier (P=0.051) and had a greater frequency of xanthomas (P=0.016) than those with compound heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (n=20). Previous major cardiovascular events were present in 25 (48%) of 52 children (missing information in 2 cases), and in 43 (67%) of 64 adults withLDLRvariants. Children who are true HoFH had higher frequency of major cardiovascular events (P=0.02), coronary heart (P=0.013), and aortic/supra-aortic valve diseases (P=0.022) than compound heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia. In adults, no differences were observed in major cardiovascular events according to type ofLDLRvariant. From 118 subjects withLDLRvariants, 76 (64%) had 2 likely pathogenic or pathogenic variants. In 89 subjects with 2LDLRvariants, those with at least one null allele were younger (P=0.003) and had a greater frequency of major cardiovascular events (P=0.038) occurring at an earlier age (P=0.001). Conclusions: There was a high frequency of cardiovascular disease even in children. Phenotype and cardiovascular complications were heterogeneous and associated with the type of molecular defect.
- Screening of ABCG5 and ABCG8 Genes for Sitosterolemia in a Familial Hypercholesterolemia Cascade Screening Program(2022) TADA, Mauricio Teruo; ROCHA, Viviane Zorzanelli; LIMA, Isabella Ramos; OLIVEIRA, Theo Gremen Mimary; CHACRA, Ana Paula; MINAME, Marcio Hiroshi; NUNES, Valeria Sutti; NAKANDAKARE, Edna Regina; CASTELO, Maria Helane Costa Gurgel; JANNES, Cinthia Elim; SANTOS, Raul D.; KRIEGER, Jose Eduardo; PEREIRA, Alexandre CostaBackground: Sitosterolemia is a rare autosomal recessive disorder caused by homozygous or compound heterozygous variants in ABCG5/ABCG8. The disease is characterized by increased plasma plant sterols. Small case series suggest that patients with sitosterolemia have wide phenotypic heterogeneity with great variability on either plasma cholesterol levels or development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. The present study aims to characterize the prevalence and clinical features of sitosterolemia participating in a familial hypercholesterolemia genetic cascade screening program. Methods: From 443 familial hypercholesterolemia index cases, 260 were negative for familial hypercholesterolemia genes and were sequenced for the ABCG5/8 genes. Clinical and laboratory characteristics of affected individuals were determined. Results: Eight (3.1%) index cases were found to be homozygous or compound heterozygous variant for ABCG5/ABCG8 genes, confirming the genetic diagnosis of sitosterolemia. Screening their relatives led to the identification of 6 additional confirmed sitosterolemia cases (3 homozygous and 3 compound heterozygous variant) and 18 carriers (heterozygous). The mean age of identified sitosterolemia cases (n=14) was 37.2 +/- 19.8 years, 50% were females, and 78.6% (all adults) presented either clinical or subclinical atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. As expected, affected individuals presented elevated plasma plant sterol levels (mean beta-Sitosterol and campesterol, respectively, 160.3 +/- 107.1 and 32.0 +/- 19.6 mu g/mL) and the highest plasma LDL (low-density lipoprotein)-cholesterol was 269.0 +/- 120.0 mg/dL (range: 122-521 mg/dL). LDL-cholesterol mean reduction with therapy among cases was 65%. Eighty-three percent (83%) of identified sitosterolemia patients presented hematologic abnormalities. Conclusions: Testing genes associated with sitosterolemia in the molecular routine workflow of a familial hypercholesterolemia cascade screening program allowed the precise diagnosis of sitosterolemia in a substantial number of patients with varying LDL-C levels and high incidence of early atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and hematologic abnormalities.
conferenceObject Familial Hypercholesterolemia in Children and Safety of Early Lipid-Lowering Treatment(2017) BELLUNGHI, Maria Sol; MINAME, Marcio; JANNES, Cinthia E.; SILVA, Pamela R.; PEREIRA, Alexandre; CHACRA, Ana Paula; SALGADO, Wilson; SANTOS, Raul D.; ROCHA, Viviane Z.- Brazilian guidelines on prevention of cardiovascular disease in patients with diabetes: a position statement from the Brazilian Diabetes Society (SBD), the Brazilian Cardiology Society (SBC) and the Brazilian Endocrinology and Metabolism Society (SBEM)(2017) BERTOLUCI, Marcello Casaccia; MOREIRA, Rodrigo Oliveira; FALUDI, Andre; IZAR, Maria Cristina; SCHAAN, Beatriz D.; VALERIO, Cynthia Melissa; BERTOLAMI, Marcelo Chiara; CHACRA, Ana Paula; MALACHIAS, Marcus Vinicius Bolivar; VENCIO, Sergio; SARAIVA, Jose Francisco Kerr; BETTI, Roberto; TURATTI, Luiz; FONSECA, Francisco Antonio Helfenstein; BIANCO, Henrique Tria; SULZBACH, Marta; BERTOLAMI, Adriana; SALLES, Joao Eduardo Nunes; HOHL, Alexandre; TRUJILHO, Fabio; LIMA, Eduardo Gomes; MINAME, Marcio Hiroshi; ZANELLA, Maria Teresa; LAMOUNIER, Rodrigo; SA, Joao Roberto; AMODEO, Celso; PIRES, Antonio Carlos; SANTOS, Raul D.Background: Since the first position statement on diabetes and cardiovascular prevention published in 2014 by the Brazilian Diabetes Society, the current view on primary and secondary prevention in diabetes has evolved as a result of new approaches on cardiovascular risk stratification, new cholesterol lowering drugs, and new anti-hyperglycemic drugs. Importantly, a pattern of risk heterogeneity has emerged, showing that not all diabetic patients are at high or very high risk. In fact, most younger patients who have no overt cardiovascular risk factors may be more adequately classified as being at intermediate or even low cardiovascular risk. Thus, there is a need for cardiovascular risk stratification in patients with diabetes. The present panel reviews the best current evidence and proposes a practical risk-based approach on treatment for patients with diabetes. Main body: The Brazilian Diabetes Society, the Brazilian Society of Cardiology, and the Brazilian Endocrinology and Metabolism Society gathered to form an expert panel including 28 cardiologists and endocrinologists to review the best available evidence and to draft up-to-date an evidence-based guideline with practical recommendations for risk stratification and prevention of cardiovascular disease in diabetes. The guideline includes 59 recommendations covering: (1) the impact of new anti-hyperglycemic drugs and new lipid lowering drugs on cardiovascular risk; (2) a guide to statin use, including new definitions of LDL-cholesterol and in non-HDL-cholesterol targets; (3) evaluation of silent myocardial ischemia and subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with diabetes; (4) hypertension treatment; and (5) the use of antiplatelet therapy. Conclusions: Diabetes is a heterogeneous disease. Although cardiovascular risk is increased in most patients, those without risk factors or evidence of sub-clinical atherosclerosis are at a lower risk. Optimal management must rely on an approach that will cover both cardiovascular disease prevention in individuals in the highest risk as well as protection from overtreatment in those at lower risk. Thus, cardiovascular prevention strategies should be individualized according to cardiovascular risk while intensification of treatment should focus on those at higher risk.
conferenceObject FAMILIAL HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA AND ABDOMINAL AORTIC OBSTRUCTION IN A YOUNG WOMAN: A CASE REPORT(2021) CORREIA, Vinicius Machado; ROCHA, Viviane; MACIEL, Pamela; CHACRA, Ana Paula; LAPSKI, Cinthia Elim Jannes; SANTOS, Raul Dias; MINAME, Marcio; SALGADO, Wilson- Evaluation of clinical and laboratory parameters used in the identification of index cases for genetic screening of familial hypercholesterolemia in Brazil(2017) SILVA, Pamela R. S.; JANNES, Cinthia E.; OLIVEIRA, Theo G. M.; MINAME, Marcio H.; ROCHA, Viviane Z.; CHACRA, Ana Paula; GURGEL, Maria Helane C.; MONTENEGRO, Renan M.; RODRIGUES SOBRINHO, Carlos Roberto M.; MOREIRA, Annie Seixas Bello; ASSAD, Marcelo H. V.; PINTO, Marina R. C.; TADA, Mauricio Teruo; SANTOS, Raul D.; PEREIRA, Alexandre C.; KRIEGER, Jose E.Background and aims: There is controversy on the accuracy of different diagnostic criteria for familial hypercholesterolemia (FH). The aim of this study is to assess the performance of different clinical criteria used to identify individuals for FH genetic cascade screening in Brazil. Methods: All index cases (IC) registered in the Hipercol Brasil program between 2011 and 2016 were analyzed. Inclusion criteria were age > 18 years and elevated LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) levels, with a conclusive result in the genetic test, whether positive or negative. Initially, we tested the multivariable association between clinical and laboratory markers and the presence of an FH causing mutation. Then, we analyzed sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values for the LDL-C quartile distribution, LDL-C as a continuous variable, as well as the performance measures for the Dutch Lipid Clinic Network (DLCN) score to identify a mutation. Results: Overall, 753 ICs were included and an FH causing mutation was found in 34% (n = 257) of the subjects. After multivariable analysis, LDL-C as a continuous variable, tendon xanthomas and corneal arcus were independently associated with the presence of FH mutations. LDL-C values >= 230 mg/dL (5.9 mmol/L) had the best tradeoff between sensitivity and specificity to diagnose a mutation. The DLCN score presented a better performance than LDL-C to identify a mutation, area under the ROC curve were 0.744 (95% CI: 0.704-0.784) and 0.730 (95% CI: 0.687-0.774), respectively, p = 0.014. Conclusions: In our population, LDL >= 230 mg/dL is a feasible criterion to indicate ICs to genetic testing. (C) 2017 Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd.
bookPart Principais dislipidemias, risco cardiovascular e seu tratamento(2016) SANTOS FILHO, Raul Dias dos; SALGADO FILHO, Wilson; CHACRA, Ana Paula; BERTOLAMI, Marcelo- SLCO1B1 haplotypes are not associated with atorvastatin-induced myalgia in Brazilian patients with familial hypercholesterolemia(2012) SANTOS, Paulo Caleb Junior Lima; GAGLIARDI, Ana Carolina Moron; MINAME, Marcio Hiroshi; CHACRA, Ana Paula; SANTOS, Raul Dias; KRIEGER, Jose Eduardo; PEREIRA, Alexandre CostaPurpose Recent studies reported the association of SLCO1B1 haplotypes with the development of musculoskeletal side effects during simvastatin use. The aim was to evaluate the pharmacogenetic association of SLCO1B1 haplotypes with atorvastatin-induced myalgia in a sample of individuals on high-dose atorvastatin regimens. Methods One hundred and forty-three patients with familial hypercholesterolemia were followed for at least 12 months while receiving atorvastatin. Genotypes for the rs2306283 (c.A388G) and rs4149056 (c.T521C) polymorphisms were detected by high-resolution melting analysis. These markers form four distinct haplotypes (*1A, *1B, *5 and *15). Results During the follow-up period, 14 (9.8%) patients developed myalgia and 16 (11.2%) presented CK levels more than 3 times the upper limit of the normal range. No association of the SLCO1B1 rs2306283 and rs4149056 genotypes or haplotypes with the presence of myalgia or creatine kinase (CK) values was found. Presence of rs2306283 AG+GG genotypes was not associated with increased risks of myalgia or abnormal CK values (OR 2.08, 95% CI 0.62-7.00, p=0.24 and OR 0.51, 95% CI 0.21-1.26, p=0.15 respectively). The presence of rs4149056 TC+CC genotypes was also not associated with increased risk of myalgia or abnormal CK values (OR 2.24, 95% CI 0.47-10.72, p=0.31 and OR 1.51, 95% CI 0.57-3.96, p=0.41 respectively). Conclusions Our findings reaffirm that the SLCO1B1 genetic risk appears to be greater in those patients receiving simvastatin compared with those receiving atorvastatin. This suggests that the importance of SLCO1B1 haplotypes depends on the specific statin that has been used.
bookPart Diabetes e lípides(2023) SANTOS, Raul Dias dos; CHACRA, Ana Paula