LEANDRO TAVARES LUCATO
Projetos de Pesquisa
Unidades Organizacionais
Instituto de Radiologia, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina - Médico
LIM/44 - Laboratório de Ressonância Magnética em Neurorradiologia, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina
LIM/44 - Laboratório de Ressonância Magnética em Neurorradiologia, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina
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- Drug-related demyelinating syndromes: understanding risk factors, pathophysiological mechanisms and magnetic resonance imaging findings(2021) RIMKUS, Carolina M.; SCHOEPS, Vinicius Andreoli; BOAVENTURA, Mateus; GODOY, Luis Filipe; APOSTOLOS-PEREIRA, Samira Luisa; CALICH, Ana Luisa; CALLEGARO, Dagoberto; LUCATO, Leandro Tavares; ROVIRA, Alex; SASTRE-GARRIGA, Jaume; LEITE, Claudia da CostaSome drugs and medications can precipitate immune system deregulations, which might be confused with recurrent demyelinating diseases, such as multiple sclerosis (MS) and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMO), exacerbations of an existing disease, neoplastic lesions or other conditions. In this narrative review we describe some of the most relevant drugs and medications associated with iatrogenic demyelination. The anthelminthic agent levamisole is a frequent cocaine adulterant and can precipitate an exacerbated immune response attacking the central nervous system (CNS). High-efficacy multiple sclerosis (MS) drugs might induce a selective CNS immunosuppression, making it susceptible for opportunistic infections that course with demye-lination, such as progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. Sometimes, the interruption of a high-efficacy drug to treat MS can induce a rapid CNS reentry of lymphocytes, exacerbating demyelinating processes and triggering rebound syndromes. Furthermore, selective cytokines inhibition, such as anti-TNF alpha agents, might induce an imbalance between cell death and proliferation inducing a paradoxical increase of CNS tumor necrosis factor (TNF), affecting the activity of lymphocytes, microglia and macrophages, triggering aberrant inflammation and demyelination. Immune checkpoint inhibitors are a new class of antineoplastic drugs that enhance the immune response against tumor cells by an upregulation of T-cell activity. However, this hyperactivation of the immune system might be associated with induction of unwanted autoimmune responses. In this paper we review the risk factors, the possible pathological mechanisms and the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of these drug-related demyelinating syndromes.
- Calcified intracranial tuberculomas as sequelae of pediatric neurotuberculosis(2021) RIMKUS, Carolina de Medeiros; MIRANDA, Thiago Augusto Vasconcelos; LUCATO, Leandro Tavares
conferenceObject BEYOND RANDOM AND NUMERIC LESIONS: DIFFERENT IMAGING PATTERNS OF CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM METASTASIS BASED ON PRIMARY TUMOR LOCATION AND MOLECULAR PROFILE(2021) MAGALHAES, Julia; MORENO, Raquel; TAKAHASHI, Jorge; LUCATO, Leandro; SILVA, Carlos- Clinical, cerebrospinal fluid, and neuroimaging findings in COVID-19 encephalopathy: a case series(2021) TUMA, Raphael L.; GUEDES, Bruno F.; CARRA, Rafael; IEPSEN, Bruno; RODRIGUES, Julia; CAMELO-FILHO, Antonio Edvan; KUBOTA, Gabriel; FERRARI, Maira; STUDART-NETO, Adalberto; OKU, Mariana Hiromi; TERRIM, Sara; LOPES, Cesar C. B.; PASSOS NETO, Carlos E. B.; FIORENTINO, Matheus D.; SOUZA, Julia C. C.; BAIMA, Jose Pedro S.; SILVA, Tomas; PERISSINOTTI, Iago; MARTIN, Maria da Graca M.; GONCALVES, Marcia; FORTINI, Ida; SMID, Jerusa; ADONI, Tarso; LUCATO, Leandro; NITRINI, Ricardo; GOMES, Helio; CASTRO, Luiz H.Objective To describe the clinical, neurological, neuroimaging, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) findings associated with encephalopathy in patients admitted to a COVID-19 tertiary reference center. Methods We retrospectively reviewed records of consecutive patients with COVID-19 evaluated by a consulting neurology team from March 30, 2020 through May 15, 2020. Results Fifty-five patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 were included, 43 of whom showed encephalopathy, and were further divided into mild, moderate, and severe encephalopathy groups. Nineteen patients (44%) had undergone mechanical ventilation and received intravenous sedatives. Eleven (26%) patients were on dialysis. Laboratory markers of COVID-19 severity were very common in encephalopathy patients, but did not correlate with the severity of encephalopathy. Thirty-nine patients underwent neuroimaging studies, which showed mostly non-specific changes. One patient showed lesions possibly related to CNS demyelination. Four had suffered an acute stroke. SARS-CoV-2 was detected by RT-PCR in only one of 21 CSF samples. Two CSF samples showed elevated white blood cell count and all were negative for oligoclonal bands. In our case series, the severity of encephalopathy correlated with higher probability of death during hospitalization (OR = 5.5 for each increment in the degree of encephalopathy, from absent (0) to mild (1), moderate (2), or severe (3), p < 0.001). Conclusion In our consecutive series with 43 encephalopathy cases, neuroimaging and CSF analysis did not support the role of direct viral CNS invasion or CNS inflammation as the cause of encephalopathy.
bookPart Métodos de imagem em neurologia(2021) LEITE, Claudia da Costa; MORENO, Raquel; COUTINHO, Artur Martins Novaes; LUCATO, Leandro Tavares- Arteriopathy in pediatric stroke: an underestimated clinical entity(2021) PIZZATTO, Ronaldo; RESENDE, Lucas Lopes; LOBO, Carlos Felipe Teixeira; NEVES, Yuri Costa Sarno; PAZ, Jose Albino da; ALVES, Cesar Augusto Pinheiro Ferreira; LEITE, Claudia da Costa; LUCATO, Leandro TavaresBackground: Pediatric arterial ischemic stroke (AIS), which was thought to be a rare disorder, is being increasingly recognized as an important cause of neurological morbidity, thanks to new advances in neuroimaging. Objective: The aim of this study was to review the main etiologies of stroke due to arteriopathy in children. Methods: Using a series of cases from our institution, we addressed its epidemiological aspects, physiopathology, imaging findings from CT, MR angiography, MR conventional sequences and MR DWI, and nuclear medicine findings. Results: Through discussion of the most recent classification for childhood AIS (Childhood AIS Standardized Classification and Diagnostic Evaluation, CASCADE), we propose a modified classification based on the anatomical site of disease, which includes vasculitis, varicella, arterial dissection, moyamoya, fibromuscular dysplasia, Takayasu's arteritis and genetic causes (such as ACTA-2 mutation, PHACE syndrome and ADA-2 deficiency). We have detailed each of these separately. Conclusions: Prompt recognition of AIS and thorough investigation for potential risk factors are crucial for a better outcome. In this scenario, neurovascular imaging plays an important role in diagnosing AIS and identifying children at high risk of recurrent stroke.
- Dural-based lesions: is it a meningioma?(2021) YAMAKI, Vitor Nagai; GODOY, Luis Filipe de Souza; BANDEIRA, Gabriela Alencar; LUCATO, Leandro Tavares; LORDELO, Gustavo Correa; SOLLA, Davi Jorge Fontoura; NEVILLE, Iuri Santana; TEIXEIRA, Manoel Jacobsen; PAIVA, Wellingson SilvaPurpose Meningiomas are the most common extra-axial intracranial neoplasms with typical radiological findings. In approximately 2% of cases, histopathological reports reveal different neoplasms or non-neoplastic lesions that can closely mimic meningiomas. We describe radiological features of meningioma mimics highlighting imaging red flags to consider a differential diagnosis. Methods A total of 348 lesions with radiological diagnosis of meningiomas which underwent to surgical treatment or biopsy between December of 2000 and September of 2014 were analyzed. We determined imaging features that are not a typical finding of meningiomas, suggesting other lesions. The following imaging characteristics were evaluated on CT and MRI: (a) bone erosion; (b) hyperintensity on T2WI; (c) hypointensity on T2WI; (d) bone destruction; (e) dural tail; (f) leptomeningeal involvement; (g) pattern of contrast enhancement; (h) dural displacement sign. Results We have a relatively high prevalence of meningioma mimics (7.2%). Dural-based lesions with homogeneous contrast enhancement (52%) are easily misdiagnosed as meningiomas. Most lesions mimic convexity (37.5%) or parafalcine (21.9%) meningiomas. We have determined five imaging red flags that can alert radiologists to consider meningioma mimics: (1) bone erosion (22.2%); (2) dural displacement sign (36%); (3) marked T2 hypointensity (32%); (4) marked T2 hyperintensity (12%); (5) absence of dural tail (48%). The most common mimic lesion in our series was hemangiopericytomas, followed by lymphomas and schwannomas. Conclusion The prevalence of meningioma mimics is not negligible. It is important to have awareness on main radiological findings suggestive of differential diagnosis due to a wide range of differentials which lead to different prognosis and treatment strategies.
- Malignant cerebral venous thrombosis in a transgender patient: intraoperative aspect of vein of Trolard thrombosis(2021) LOPES, Cesar Castello Branco; SILVA, Vinicius Trindade Gomes da; LUCIO, Jose Erasmo Dal Col; YAMASHITA, Renata Harumi Gobbato; COMERLATTI, Luiz Roberto; LUCATO, Leandro Tavares; FREUA, Fernando
- Teaching Video NeuroImages: Multisystemic Erdheim-Chester Disease Presenting as a Cerebellar Ataxia(2021) BRITO, Marcelo Houat de; OLIVEIRA, Marcos Castello Barbosa de; CASAL, Yuri Reis; ABDO, Andre Neder Ramires; LUCATO, Leandro Tavares; SIMABUKURO, Mateus Mistieri
bookPart Neuroviroses(2021) GOMES, Hélio Rodrigues; MACHADO, Luís dos Ramos; SANTOS, Germana Titoneli dos; LUCATTO, Leandro