EUCLIDES AYRES DE CASTILHO
Projetos de Pesquisa
Unidades Organizacionais
Departamento de Medicina Preventiva, Faculdade de Medicina - Docente
LIM/39 - Laboratório de Processamento de Dados Biomédicos, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina
LIM/39 - Laboratório de Processamento de Dados Biomédicos, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina
5 resultados
Resultados de Busca
Agora exibindo 1 - 5 de 5
- The effectiveness of maternal pertussis vaccination in protecting newborn infants in Brazil: A case-control study(2019) FERNANDES, Eder Gatti; SATO, Ana Paula S.; VAZ-DE-LIMA, Lourdes R. A.; RODRIGUES, Marcela; LEITE, Daniela; BRITO, Cyro A. de; LUNA, Expedito J. A.; CARVALHANAS, Telma Regina M. P.; RAMOS, Maria Ligia Bacciote Nerger; SATO, Helena Keico; CASTILHO, Euclides A. de; SOUZA, Edna M. de; ATOBE, Jane H.; OLIVEIRA, Carmem A. F.; MORAES, Jose Cassio de; GASPAR, Jaqueline Correia; OLIVEIRA, Silvia Silva deIntroduction: In 2014, the Brazilian Ministry of Health (MoH) recommended Tdap to pregnant women in response to a significant increase in the incidence of pertussis among infants. The present study assessed the effectiveness of maternal immunization in preventing pertussis in infants. Methods: An unmatched case-control study was undertaken in Sao Paulo State, Brazil from February 2015 to July 2016. Cases were infants aged <8 weeks at onset of pertussis reported to the Surveillance System and confirmed by real-time polymerase chain reaction or culture. Four to six healthy infants were selected as controls per case from birth certificates in the Information System on Live Births database. General characteristics and mother's vaccination status were compared between cases and controls. The vaccine effectiveness (VE) was calculated as 1 - odds ratio (OR). For the adjusted VE, the OR was calculated using logistic regression analysis. Results: Forty-two cases and 248 controls were enrolled in the study. Mothers of 8 cases (19.1%) and 143 controls (57.4%) were vaccinated during pregnancy, resulting in an unadjusted VE of 82.6% (95% confidence interval [CI], 60.8-92.3%). The VE was unchanged after adjusting for maternal age and monthly household income. Conclusion: Maternal pertussis vaccination during pregnancy was effective in protecting infants aged <8 weeks from pertussis.
conferenceObject Antiretroviral Therapy at Public Health Care Facilities in Brazil: HIV/AIDS Cohort-Brazil.(2015) ESCUDER, M. M. L.; GRANGEIRO, A. M.; CASSENOTE, A. J. F.; KALICHMAN, A. O.; SOUZA, R. A.; TUPINAMBA, U.; VELOSO, V.; BARCELLOS, N.; GRINSZTEJN, B.; CASTILHO, E. A.- Temporal Trends and Molecular Epidemiology of HIV Type 1 Infection in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil(2013) PIMENTEL, Victor F.; MORGADO, Mariza G.; BELLO, Gonzalo; GUIMARAES, Mark D. C.; CASTILHO, Euclides A.; VELOSO, Valdilea G.; GUIMARAES, Monick L.HIV-1 molecular epidemiology studies carried out in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil have identified the prevalence of subtypes B, F1 and BF1 recombinants. A high percentage of HIV-1 subtype B isolates in Rio de Janeiro harbor the GWG motif at the V3 tip (B variant) instead of the canonical GPG motif (B variant). To trace the dynamics of the HIV-1 variants over time in different exposure categories in Rio de Janeiro, the HIV-1 proviral DNA from heterosexual men (HET) and men who have sex with men (MSM) from two distinct time periods (1990-1992 and 2008-2010) were extracted, and the env-gp120 region was amplified. Neighbor-joining phylogenetic analysis was performed to determine the viral subtype, and Bayesian analysis was used to trace the HIV-1 transmission networks. A predominance of subtype B was observed in both study periods, independent of the exposure risk category. An increase of non-B subtypes was observed in the HET group, but these subtypes were maintained among the MSM group. The distribution of HIV-1 subtype B signatures in the first and second periods studied were, respectively, HET (GPG) [44.8-51.5%], (GWG) [13.8-33.3%], and (GXG) [41.4-15.2%] and MSM (GPG) [34-50%], (GWG) [55.3-30.6%], and (GXG) [10.7-19.4%]. In the first period, an association between GWG and MSM was verified while a significant reduction of this association was observed during the second period. The phylogenetic tree and the BaTS program detected the clustering of isolates only according to the B signatures but not by exposure risk category. Our findings indicate a stable prevalence of HIV-1 subtypes B and F over time in Rio de Janeiro and further suggest that the B subclade of subtype B was possibly introduced into the MSM group in this area of Brazil.
article 4 Citação(ões) na Scopus Homeopathic Treatment of Overweight and Obesity in Pregnant Women With Mental Disorders: A Double-blind, Controlled Clinical Trial(2016) VILHENA, Edgard Costa de; CASTILHO, Euclides Ayres deContext Worldwide, 35 million people suffer from obesity. Mental disorders have been associated with being overweight or obese. Considerable evidence has shown a correlation between stress and the use of homeopathy and stress and obesity. However, few studies have examined the relationship between weight loss and homeopathic treatment of obesity. Objective The study intended to evaluate the efficacy of a homeopathic treatment in preventing excessive weight gain during pregnancy in overweight or obese women who were suspected of having a common mental disorder. Design The study was a randomized, controlled, double-blinded clinical trial. Setting The study took place at the Center for the Social Support of Motherhood (Sao Paulo, Brazil). Participants Participants were pregnant women who were enrolled at the center. Intervention For the homeopathic group, 9 drugs were preselected, including (1) Pulsatilla nigricans, (2) Sepia succus, (3) Lycopodium clavatum, (4) sulphur, (5) Lachesis trigonocephalus, (6) Nux vomica, (7) Calcarea carbonica, (8) phosphorus; and (9) Conium maculatum. From those 9 drugs, 1 was prioritized for administration for each participant. After the first appointment, a reselection or selection of a new, more appropriate drug occurred, using the list of preselected drugs. The dosage was 6 drops orally 2 x/d, in the morning and at night, on 4 consecutive days each wk, with an interval of 3 d between doses, up until the next appointment medical appointment. The control group received the equivalent placebo drug. Both groups also received a diet orientation. Outcome Measures We evaluated pregnant women who were overweight or had class 1 or 2 obesity and were suspected of having a common mental disorder, with no concomitant diseases, in 2 groups: those receiving a placebo (control group, n = 72); and those receiving homeopathic treatment (homeopathy group, n = 62). Weight change during pregnancy was defined as the difference between the body mass index (BMI) at the initial evaluation and that recorded at the final evaluation, adjusted for 40 wk of gestation. In addition, the APGAR index in the newborn was evaluated as a possible complication. Results The mean variation between baseline BMI and BMI at week 40 of gestation was + 4.95 kg/m(2) in the control group and + 5.05 kg/m(2) in the homeopathy group. The difference between the 2 groups was not significant (P = .815; 95% confidence interval [CI], -0.916 to 0.722). APGAR 10 at 5 min (59.6% in homeopathy group and 36.4% among control) was statistically significant (P = .016). Conclusions Homeopathy does not appear to prevent excessive body mass gain in pregnant women who are overweight or obese and suspected of having a common mental disorder. Homeopathy did not change the APGAR score to modified clinical attention at delivery room. However, the evidence observed at APGAR 10 at minute 5 suggests that homeopathy had a modulating effect on the vitality of newborns, warranting further studies designed to investigate it.- Association between the timing of maternal vaccination and newborns' anti-pertussis toxin antibody levels(2019) VAZ-DE-LIMA, Lourdes R. A.; SATO, Helena Keico; FERNANDES, Eder Gatti; SATO, Ana Paula Sayuri; PAWLOSKI, Lucia C.; TONDELLA, Maria Lucia; BRITO, Cyro A. de; LUNA, Expedito J. A.; CARVALHANAS, Telma Regina M. P.; CASTILHO, Euclides A. de; SOUZA, Edna M. de; ATOBE, Jane H.; OLIVEIRA, Carmem A. F.; LEITE, Daniela; SILVA, Marcela R.; MARIANI-NETO, Corintio; BERSUSA, Ana; CALABRESI, Rita de Cassia S.; SANTOS, Rosemary A. dos; TESSER, Diva T.; RAMOS, Maria Ligia BacciotteBackground: Pertussis remains an important global public health concern, despite the presence of extensive immunization programs. Incidence and severity of pertussis are typically higher in neonates and young infants. As a strategy to protect these young infants, maternal vaccination with Tdap (tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid, and acellular pertussis) has been recommended in Brazil. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of Tdap vaccination during pregnancy on the anti-pertussis toxin (PT) IgG response in mothers and their infants at birth. Material and methods: Maternal and cord blood samples were collected from vaccinated (n = 243) and unvaccinated (n = 75) pregnant women, at the time of delivery, from July 2015 to August 2016 in Sao Paulo, Brazil. Anti-PT IgG antibodies were quantified by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) and geometric mean concentrations (GMC) were calculated. Relationship between timing of vaccination and antibody concentrations were evaluated. Results: Maternal and cord blood GMCs among the vaccinated group were 5.4 and 5.6 fold higher [66.5 International Units (IU)/mL and 89.8 IU/mL] compared to the unvaccinated group (12.4 IU/mL and 16.1 IU/mL), respectively (p < 0.001). Higher anti-PT IgG GMCs were observed when vaccination occurred >= 60 days before delivery compared to <60 days, suggesting that vaccination early in the third trimester may be more effective than later in pregnancy. Conclusion: Tdap maternal vaccination results in significantly higher anti-FT IgG in newborn infants and supports the current recommendation of the Brazilian Immunization Program.