HERMANO TAVARES
Projetos de Pesquisa
Unidades Organizacionais
Departamento de Psiquiatria, Faculdade de Medicina - Docente
LIM/23 - Laboratório de Psicopatologia e Terapêutica Psiquiátrica, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina
LIM/23 - Laboratório de Psicopatologia e Terapêutica Psiquiátrica, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina
5 resultados
Resultados de Busca
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- Compulsive features in behavioural addictions: the case of pathological gambling(2012) EL-GUEBALY, Nady; MUDRY, Tanya; ZOHAR, Joseph; TAVARES, Hermano; POTENZA, Marc N.Aims To describe, in the context of DSM-V, how a focus on addiction and compulsion is emerging in the consideration of pathological gambling (PG). Methods A systematic literature review of evidence for the proposed re-classification of PG as an addiction. Results Findings include: (i) phenomenological models of addiction highlighting a motivational shift from impulsivity to compulsivity associated with a protracted withdrawal syndrome and blurring of the ego-syntonic/ego-dystonic dichotomy; (ii) common neurotransmitter (dopamine, serotonin) contributions to PG and substance use disorders (SUDs); (iii) neuroimaging support for shared neurocircuitries between behavioural and substance addictions and differences between obsessivecompulsive disorder (OCD), impulse control disorders (ICDs) and SUDs; (iv) genetic findings more closely related to endophenotypic constructs such as compulsivity and impulsivity than to psychiatric disorders; (v) psychological measures such as harm avoidance identifying a closer association between SUDs and PG than with OCD; (vi) community and pharmacotherapeutic trials data supporting a closer association between SUDs and PG than with OCD. Adapted behavioural therapies, such as exposure therapy, appear applicable to OCD, PG or SUDs, suggesting some commonalities across disorders. Conclusions PG shares more similarities with SUDs than with OCD. Similar to the investigation of impulsivity, studies of compulsivity hold promising insights concerning the course, differential diagnosis and treatment of PG, SUDs, and OCD.
- Avaliação da equivalência semântica e consistência interna de uma versão em português do Internet Addiction Test (IAT)(2012) CONTI, Maria Aparecida; JARDIM, Adan Pelegrino; HEARST, Norman; CORDAS, Taki Athanassios; TAVARES, Hermano; ABREU, Cristiano Nabuco deObjective: The aim of this study was to cross-culturally adapt the Internet Addiction Test (IAT) to the Portuguese language. Methods: The translation and evaluation process consisted of five steps: (1) translation; (2) back-translation; (3) peer review and evaluation of semantic equivalency by experts; (4) instrument evaluation through a sample of students, by evaluating their understanding level; and (5) analysis of the instrument's internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha-coefficient). Results: The instrument was translated and adapted to Portuguese. As shown, the Portuguese version of the IAT was easily understood and the internal consistency value was 0.85. Discussion: The translated and adapted IAT displays a satisfactory internal consistency. In a further step, measurement and reproducibility analyses have to be conducted.
- Assessment and Treatment of Pathological Gambling(2012) TAVARES, H.As gambling becomes more popular, more people will be exposed to it; thus, the prevalence of and demand for gambling-related treatments are expected to increase. Pathological gambling (PG) is the most severe level of gambling compromise, characterized by unrestrained gambling to the point of financial and psychosocial harm. Classified among the impulse control disorders, PG resembles other addictive disorders. A host of scales for screening and diagnosing PG are available for both the specialist and the general practitioner. The diagnosis of PG, like that of other addictions, is based upon signs of loss of control over the target behavior (i.e., gambling), dose escalation (increasing amounts wagered to get the same excitement as in previous bets), withdrawal-like symptoms, psychosocial harm, persistent desire, and persistent betting despite the negative consequences. Its treatment requires thorough assessment of psychiatric related conditions, motivational intervention, gamblingfocused psychotherapy, relapse prevention, and support for maintenance of treatment gains. Psychopharmacological tools to treat craving and gambling recurrence are an incipient but promising field. © Oxford University Press, 2014.
- Neither bipolar nor obsessive-compulsive disorder: compulsive buyers are impulsive acquirers(2012) FILOMENSKY, Tatiana Zambrano; ALMEIDA, Karla Mathias; NOGUEIRA, Marcelo Campos Castro; DINIZ, Juliana Belo; LAFER, Beny; BORCATO, Sonia; TAVARES, HermanIntroduction: Compulsive buying (CB) is currently classified as an impulse control disorder (ICD) not otherwise classified. Compulsive buying prevalence is estimated at around 5% of the general population. There is controversy about whether CB should be classified as an ICD, a subsyndromal bipolar disorder (BD), or an obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) akin to a hoarding syndrome. To further investigate the appropriate classification of CB, we compared patients with CB, BD, and OCD for impulsivity, affective instability, hoarding, and other OCD symptoms. Method: Eighty outpatients (24 CB, 21 BD, and 35 OCD) who were neither manic nor hypomanic were asked to fill out self-report questionnaires. Results: Compulsive buying patients scored significantly higher on all impulsivity measures and on acquisition but not on the hoarding subdimensions of clutter and ""difficulty discarding."" Patients with BD scored higher on the mania dimension from the Structured Clinical Interview for Mood Spectrum scale. Patients with OCD scored higher on obsessive-compulsive symptoms and, particularly, higher on the contamination/washing and checking dimensions from the Padua Inventory; however, they did not score higher on any hoarding dimension. A discriminant model built with these variables correctly classified patients with CB (79%), BD (71%), and OCD (77%). Conclusion: Patients with CB came out as impulsive acquirers, resembling ICD- rather than BD- or OCD-related disorders. Manic symptoms were distinctive of patients with BD. Hoarding symptoms other than acquisition were not particularly associated with any diagnostic group.
- Broadening our horizon: response to commentaries(2012) EL-GUEBALY, Nady; MUDRY, Tanya; ZOHAR, Joseph; TAVARES, Hermano; POTENZA, Marc N.