KARINA INACIO LADISLAU DE CARVALHO SALMAZI
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- HTLV-1 Tax Specific CD8+ T Cells Express Low Levels of Tim-3 in HTLV-1 Infection: Implications for Progression to Neurological Complications(2011) NDHLOVU, Lishomwa C.; LEAL, Fabio E.; HASENKRUG, Aaron M.; JHA, Aashish R.; CARVALHO, Karina I.; ECCLES-JAMES, Ijeoma G.; BRUNO, Fernanda R.; VIEIRA, Raphaella G. S.; YORK, Vanessa A.; CHEW, Glen M.; JONES, R. Brad; TANAKA, Yuetsu; NETO, Walter K.; SANABANI, Sabri S.; OSTROWSKI, Mario A.; SEGURADO, Aluisio C.; NIXON, Douglas F.; KALLAS, Esper G.The T cell immunoglobulin mucin 3 (Tim-3) receptor is highly expressed on HIV-1-specific T cells, rendering them partially ""exhausted'' and unable to contribute to the effective immune mediated control of viral replication. To elucidate novel mechanisms contributing to the HTLV-1 neurological complex and its classic neurological presentation called HAM/TSP (HTLV-1 associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis), we investigated the expression of the Tim-3 receptor on CD8(+) T cells from a cohort of HTLV-1 seropositive asymptomatic and symptomatic patients. Patients diagnosed with HAM/TSP down-regulated Tim-3 expression on both CD8(+) and CD4(+) T cells compared to asymptomatic patients and HTLV-1 seronegative controls. HTLV-1 Tax-specific, HLA-A*02 restricted CD8(+) T cells among HAM/TSP individuals expressed markedly lower levels of Tim-3. We observed Tax expressing cells in both Tim-3(+) and Tim-3(-) fractions. Taken together, these data indicate that there is a systematic downregulation of Tim-3 levels on T cells in HTLV-1 infection, sustaining a profoundly highly active population of potentially pathogenic T cells that may allow for the development of HTLV-1 complications.