PROTASIO LEMOS DA LUZ
Projetos de Pesquisa
Unidades Organizacionais
Departamento de Cardio-Pneumologia, Faculdade de Medicina - Docente
3 resultados
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- Synergistic anti-inflammatory effect: simvastatin and pioglitazone reduce inflammatory markers of plasma and epicardial adipose tissue of coronary patients with metabolic syndrome(2014) GROSSO, Adriana Ferreira; OLIVEIRA, Sergio Ferreira de; HIGUCHI, Maria de Lourdes; FAVARATO, Desiderio; DALLAN, Luis Alberto de Oliveira; LUZ, Protasio Lemos daBackground: The inappropriate secretion of adipocytokines plays a critical role in chronic inflammatory states associated with obesity-linked type 2 diabetes and atherosclerosis. The pleiotropic actions of simvastatin and pioglitazone on epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) are unknown. This study assessed the anti-inflammatory actions of simvastatin and pioglitazone on EAT in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and metabolic syndrome (MS). Methods: A total of 73 patients with multivessel CAD who underwent elective bypass grafting were non-randomly allocated to one of four subgroups: Control (n = 17), simvastatin (20 mg/day, n = 20), pioglitazone (15 mg or 30 mg/day, n = 18), or simvastatin + pioglitazone (20 mg/day + 30 mg/day, respectively, n = 18); 20 valvar patients were also included. EAT samples were obtained during surgery. The infiltration of macrophages and lymphocytes and cytokines secretion were investigated using immunohistochemical staining and compared to plasma inflammatory biomarkers. Results: Simvastatin significantly reduced plasma interleukin-6, leptin, resistin and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (p < 0.001 for all); pioglitazone reduced interleukin-6, tumoral necrose factor-alpha, resistin and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (p < 0.001 for all). Simvastatin + pioglitazone treatment further reduced plasmatic variables, including interleukin-6, tumoral necrose factor-alpha, resistin, asymmetric dimethylarginine and metalloproteinase-9 vs. the control group (p < 0.001). Higher plasma adiponectin and lower high sensitivity C-reactive protein concentrations were found simultaneously in the combined treatment group. A positive correlation between the mean percentage systemic and tissue cytokines was observed after treatments. T-and B-lymphocytes and macrophages clusters were observed in the fat fragments of patients treated with simvastatin for the first time. Conclusions: Pioglitazone, simvastatin or combination treatment substantially reduced EAT and plasma inflammatory markers in CAD and MS patients. These tissue effects may contribute to the control of coronary atherosclerosis progression.
- Coronary artery plaque burden and calcium scores in healthy men adhering to long-term wine drinking or alcohol abstinence(2014) LUZ, P. L. da; COIMBRA, S.; FAVARATO, D.; ALBUQUERQUE, C.; MOICHIDUKI, R. I.; ROCHITTE, C. E.; HOJAIJ, E.; GONSALVES, C. R. L.; LAURINDO, F. R.Observational studies suggest there are clinical benefits to moderate red wine (RW) consumption. However, the effects on coronary vasculature and overall lifestyle are unclear. We investigated whether a lifestyle of regular long-term RW consumption is associated with changes in coronary plaque burden, calcium score, carotid intima/media thickness, endothelial function, and metabolic variables, compared with alcohol abstinence. Healthy volunteers were evaluated by coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) as well as carotid and brachial artery ultrasound. Nutritional status, psychological status, and metabolic variables were assessed. The study included 101 drinkers [aged 58.9 +/- 7.3 years (means +/- SD)], from wine brotherhoods, and 104 abstainers, from Anglican, Evangelical and Catholic churches both in the city of Sao Paulo, Brazil. No significant differences in demographics were noted. Lesion prevalence per patient assessed by coronary CTA and classified as absent (0), 1-25, 26-49, and >= 50% stenosis was similar between groups. When analyzed by individual arteries, i.e., left anterior descending, circumflex, and right coronary, prevalence was also not different. On the other hand, calcium scores were higher among drinkers than abstainers (144.4 +/- 362.2 vs 122.0 +/- 370.3; P < 0.01). However, drinkers reported less history of diabetes and exercised more. RW drinkers consumed 2127.9 +/- 387.7 kcal/day while abstainers consumed 1836.0 +/- 305.0 (P < 0.0001). HDL cholesterol was significantly higher among drinkers compared to abstainers (46.9 +/- 10.9 vs 39.5 +/- 9.0 mg/dL; P < 0.001), while fasting plasma glucose was lower (97.6 +/- 18.2 vs 118.4 +/- 29.6 mg/dL; P < 0.02). Liver enzymes were normal in both groups. In conclusion, long-term wine drinkers displayed a similar plaque burden but greater calcium score than abstainers, despite a more atherogenic diet, and the mechanisms for the increased calcium scores in the former remain speculative.
- Red Wine, Resveratrol, and Vascular Aging: Implications for Dementia and Cognitive Decline(2014) LUZ, P. L. da; FIALDINI, R. C.; NISHIYAMA, M.Cardiovascular and neurodegenerative disorders are serious consequences of aging. Vascular aging is characterized by arterial stiffness, endothelial dysfunction, low-grade inflammation, apoptosis, and downregulation of endothelial progenitor cells. Cerebral mass atrophy, disruption of dendritic arborization, and loss of neuronal synapses as well as deficient mitochondrial energy production are also typical of aging. Consequently, cognitive decline, memory impairment, and loss of tolerance to stress ensue. Several experimental and clinical studies suggest that red wine (RW) and resveratrol (RS) may protect against age-related cognitive decline. RS can protect the brain against the toxic action of β-amyloid (Aβ) by inducing a conformational change in its molecule. In addition, the Predimed study, which showed the protective effects of a Mediterranean diet on clinical events in high-risk patients, offered indirect support for the beneficial effects of RW. This strong evidence notwithstanding, formal recommendation for the medical prescription of RW or RS will be dependent on a well-designed clinical trial. © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.