LUCIO GARCIA DE OLIVEIRA
Projetos de Pesquisa
Unidades Organizacionais
LIM/40 - Laboratório de Imunohematologia e Hematologia Forense, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina
10 resultados
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- A continuidade do uso de anfetaminas por motoristas de caminhão no Estado de São Paulo, Brasil, a despeito da proibição de sua produção, prescrição e uso(2013) OLIVEIRA, Lucio Garcia de; ENDO, Ligia Goes; SINAGAWA, Daniele Mayumi; YONAMINE, Mauricio; MUNOZ, Daniel Romero; LEYTON, VilmaAmphetamine use by truck drivers for occupational purposes is widely known. The production and consumption of amphetamines was banned by the Brazilian National Health Surveillance Agency (ANVISA) in October 2011. This study analyzes persistent amphetamine use by truck drivers since the ban was implemented. A convenience sample of 427 truck drivers was taken along highways in Sao Paulo State in 2012. Participants were asked to answer a structured questionnaire and provide a urine sample to screen for recent amphetamine consumption through toxicological analysis. Among the interviewed drivers, 7% had used some illicit drug recently and 2.7% had used amphetamines. Amphetamines are still consumed by truck drivers despite the risks and the recent ban. The authorities should thus monitor the possession and use of amphetamines by drivers in order to effectively enforce the ban.
- Attention performance among Brazilian truck drivers and its association with amphetamine use: pilot study(2013) OLIVEIRA, Lucio Garcia de; SANTOS, Bernardo dos; GONCALVES, Priscila Dib; CARVALHO, Heraclito de Barbosa; MASSAD, Eduardo; LEYTON, VilmaThe aim of this article was to describe the attention functioning of twenty-two truck drivers and its relationship with amphetamine use. Those drivers who reported using amphetamines in the twelve months previous to the interview had the best performance in a test evaluating sustained attention functioning. Although amphetamine use may initially seem advantageous to the drivers, it may actually impair safe driving. The findings suggest the importance of monitoring the laws regarding amphetamine use in this country.
- Use of Alcohol Mixed with Energy Drinks Increases the Prevalence of Driving Violations among Brazilian Truck Drivers(2020) OLIVEIRA, Lucio Garcia de; ECKSCHMIDT, Frederico; LEYTON, Vilma; CARVALHO, Heraclito Barbosa deBackground: The use of alcohol mixed with energy drinks (AmED) has been reported to be associated with a variety of unsafe driving practices. Truck drivers are vulnerable to driving violations, particularly because of their engagement in drug use. The use of AmED among these professionals remains unknown. Aim: To estimate the prevalence of AmED use and its association with driving violations among truck drivers. Methods: 684 drivers were recruited in Sao Paulo, Brazil. The use of drugs was reported. Drivers were split into three groups: (a) alcohol abstainers (AA); (b) alcohol-only users (AO); and (c) users of AmED. Intergroup comparisons were performed by polynomial logistic regression (the reference category was AO). We also performed Poisson regression analysis to obtain the prevalence ratio; the significance level was stipulated at 5%. Results: The prevalence of drivers reporting the use of AmED was 16.8%. Users of AmED (a) were younger, (b) were less experienced drivers, (c) had a heavier pattern of alcohol use, (d) used illicit drugs more frequently, and (e) had poorer sleep quality than AO subjects. A higher prevalence of drivers who had arguments or fights while driving (PR = 1.71) and of drivers who drove unbelted (PR = 1.66) ingested AmED than of AO subjects. Conclusions/importance: The use of AmED increased the prevalence of driving violations beyond the risks commonly attributed to alcohol use. We suggest additional investments in preventative measures based on the beverage category and a revision of the work organization of truck drivers to reduce their health and social risks.
- Prevalence of at-risk drinking among Brazilian truck drivers and its interference on the performance of executive cognitive tasks(2016) OLIVEIRA, Lucio Garcia de; LEOPOLDO, Kae; GOUVEA, Marcela Julio Cesar; BARROSO, Lucia Pereira; GOUVEI, Paula Adriana Rodrigues; MUNOZ, Daniel Romero; LEYTON, VilmaBackground: Binge drinking (BD) has been associated with an increase in the risk of alcohol-related injuries. Alcohol continues to be the main substance consumed by truck drivers, a population of special concern, since they are often involved in traffic accidents. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of BD and its interference in the executive functioning among truck drivers in Sao Paulo, Brazil. Methods: A non-probabilistic sample of 684 truck drivers was requested to answer a structured research instrument on their demographic data and alcohol use. They performed cognitive tests to assess their executive functioning and inventories about confounding variables. The participants were then divided according to their involvement in BD. Results: 17.5% of the interviewees have reported being engaged in BD. Binge drinkers showed a better performance on one test, despite having done so at the expense of more mistakes and lower accuracy. More interestingly, binge drinkers took three seconds longer than non-binge drinkers to inhibit an inadequate response, which is worrisome in the context of traffic. Overall, the deleterious effect of BD on performance remained after controlling for the effects of confounding variables in regression logistic models. Conclusions: As the use of alcohol among truck drivers may be as a way to get by with their work conditions, we believe that a negotiation between their work organization and public authorities would reduce such use, preventing negative interferences on truck drivers' cognitive functioning, which by its turn may also prevent traffic accidents.
- Alcohol and other drug use by Brazilian truck drivers: a cause for concern?(2012) OLIVEIRA, Lucio Garcia de; YONAMINE, Mauricio; ANDREUCCETI, Gabriel; PONCE, Julio de Carvalho; LEYTON, Vilma
- Uso de anfetaminas por motoristas de caminhão em rodovias do Estado de São Paulo: um risco à ocorrência de acidentes de trânsito?(2013) TAKITANE, Juliana; OLIVEIRA, Lucio Garcia de; ENDO, Ligia Goes; OLIVEIRA, Keziah Cristina Barbosa Gruber de; MUNOZ, Daniel Romero; YONAMINE, Mauricio; LEYTON, VilmaThe use of amphetamines in Brazil is common among truck drivers, which may be an important factor in the occurrence of traffic accidents. This article seeks to estimate the prevalence of amphetamine use among truck drivers. Drivers (N = 134) were stopped on two different highways in Sao Paulo state and they were asked to answer a questionnaire and provide a urine sample for toxicological analysis. All data were analyzed on Stata 8.0. All participants were males with low levels of schooling, whose mean age was 40.8 years. The presence of amphetamines was detected in 10.8% of all urine samples collected, being commonly justified in order to make truck drivers able to maintain their state of awareness. Amphetamine use was detected among truck drivers on Sao Paulo highways. The problem is that when the stimulant effects wear off, sleepiness due to sleep deprivation reduces concentration and good driver performance, making drivers vulnerable to traffic accidents and the related effects.
- Driving under the influence of psychostimulant drugs: Effects on cognitive functioning among truck drivers in Brazil(2020) OLIVEIRA, Lucio Garcia de; BARROSO, Lucia Pereira; LEOPOLDO, Kae; GOUVEA, Marcela Julio Cesar; CASTALDELLI-MAIA, Joao; LEYTON, VilmaIntroduction: Brazil has one of the highest traffic accident rates in the world. Cargo vehicles are the second most common type of vehicle involved in these accidents. Driving under the influence of drugs increases the risk of truck drivers being involved in road traffic injuries or fatalities. Psychostimulant drug use among truck drivers is of particular interest, as they use these drugs to maintain their occupational performance. Aim: The aim of this study is to identify the prevalence of psychostimulant drug use among truck drivers through toxicological analyses of urine and saliva samples and to evaluate its effects on the drivers' performance on attention level and executive functioning tests. Methods: A nonprobabilistic sample of 684 truck drivers was recruited at truck stops along three highways in Sao Paulo, Brazil. Participants were requested to answer questions on personal information and work-related matters via a structured research instrument. Afterwards, they were asked to perform four cognitive tests and to complete other questionnaires on confounding variables. Strict exclusion criteria were enforced. Descriptive and inferential analyses were performed in the Minitab 18.1 and R programs, version 3.5.3. Then, the variables from the cognitive performance tests were included as response variables in the generalized linear regression models, separately, correcting for the effects from confounding variables. Results: 504 drivers were excluded from the data analysis due to health conditions that prevented them from safely participating in a cognitive performance evaluation. Therefore, 180 drivers remained in the sample; among them, 44 participants were categorized as users, and 136 were categorized as nonusers. The drug users performed better than the nonusers in almost all the cognitive tests in the univariate analysis. However, after controlling for the effects of confounding variables, we observed that despite drug users being faster at performing some tests, they committed more errors and had lower precision rates than nonusers in other measures. Moreover, users dealt with tasks that involved alternate and divided attention more poorly than nonusers. Conclusion: Psychostimulant drug use may initially seem advantageous to truck drivers since it allows users to maintain their attention for longer periods of time; however, the onus related to that use is much larger and should therefore be avoided by truck drivers and policed by competent authorities.
- Alcohol use alone and in combination with other drugs among truck drivers on highways in Sao Paulo State, Brazil: a cross-sectional study(2015) LEOPOLDO, Kae; LEYTON, Vilma; OLIVEIRA, Lucio Garcia deTraffic accidents cause more than a million deaths per year worldwide. Brazil is one of the leading countries in traffic accidents. Since alcohol is a known etiological factor for traffic accidents, the pattern of alcohol use alone and in combination with other drugs was assessed in a convenience sample of 684 truck drivers in Sao Paulo State, Brazil. 67.3% of participants reported alcohol use in the previous 30 days, 34.6% reported heavy drinking, 26% binge drinking, and 9.2% were at risk of developing alcohol addiction. Furthermore, 54.6% reported multiple drug use, mostly alcohol with tobacco and energy drinks. Truck drivers that reported multiple drug use showed heavier alcohol use than those who consumed only alcohol. Drinking and driving is problematic and can be aggravated by multiple drug use. The authors thus suggest monitoring the issue, which creates serious problems for users and society as a whole.
- Acidentes de trânsito envolvendo motoristas de caminhão no Estado de São Paulo: prevalência e preditores(2016) OLIVEIRA, Lucio Garcia de; ALMEIDA, Carlos Vinícius Dias de; BARROSO, Lucia Pereira; GOUVEA, Marcela Julio Cesar; MUñOZ, Daniel Romero; LEYTON, VilmaAbstract Abstract The mortality rate of traffic accidents (TA) is high in Brazil. Trucks are the second category of motor vehicles most often involved in TA. However, few studies have addressed the issue of TA among these professionals. The study aimed to estimate the prevalence of TA and their predictors in a sample of 684 truck drivers recruited in the state of São Paulo during 2012 and 2013. We requested participants to answer a research instrument on their personal and occupational data and their involvement in TA and traffic violations. A logistic regression model was developed to identify TA predictors. Almost 11% of the respondents suffered at least one TA in that timeframe. We identified the following TA predictors: having few years of experience as professional drivers (OR = 1.86; CI 95% = 1.05-3.38; p = 0.036); receiving some traffic tickets (OR = 1.91; CI 95% = 1.04-3.66; p = 0.043) and working more than 12 hours daily (OR = 1.84; CI 95% = 1.04-3.24; p = 0.034). Given those results, we suggest the development of a joint action among all the involved social stakeholders in order to negotiate truck drivers’ work organization aiming at reducing behaviors that may lead to traffic accidents.
- Occupational conditions and the risk of the use of amphetamines by truck drivers(2015) OLIVEIRA, Lucio Garcia de; SOUZA, Leticia Maria de Araujo de; BARROSO, Lucia Pereira; GOUVEA, Marcela Julio Cesar; ALMEIDA, Carlos Vinicius Dias de; MUNOZI, Daniel Romero; LEYTON, VilmaOBJECTIVE: To test whether the occupational conditions of professional truck drivers are associated with amphetamine use after demographic characteristics and ones regarding mental health and drug use are controlled for. METHODS: Cross-sectional study, with a non-probabilistic sample of 684 male truck drivers, which was collected in three highways in Sao Paulo between years 2012 and 2013. Demographic and occupational information was collected, as well as data on drug use and mental health (sleep quality, emotional stress, and psychiatric disorders). A logistic regression model was developed to identify factors associated with amphetamine use. Odds ratio (OR; 95% CI) was defined as the measure for association. The significance level was established as p < 0.05. RESULTS: The studied sample was found to have an average age of 36.7 (SD = 7.8) years, as well as low education (8.6 [SD = 2.3] years); 29.0% of drivers reported having used amphetamines within the twelve months prior to their interviews. After demographic and occupational variables had been controlled for, the factors which indicated amphetamine use among truck drivers were the following: being younger than 38 years (OR = 3.69), having spent less than nine years at school (OR = 1.76), being autonomous (OR = 1.65), working night shifts or irregular schedules (OR = 2.05), working over 12 hours daily (OR = 2.14), and drinking alcohol (OR = 1.74). CONCLUSIONS: Occupational aspects are closely related to amphetamine use among truck drivers, which reinforces the importance of closely following the application of law (Resting Act (""Lei do Descanso""); Law 12,619/2012) which regulates the workload and hours of those professionals. Our results show the need for increased strictness on the trade and prescription of amphetamines in Brazil.