ALANA XAVIER BATISTA
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- Behavioral and Neural Correlates of Cognitive Training and Transfer Effects in Stroke Patients (vol 11, 1048, 2020)(2021) MIOTTO, Eliane C.; BAZAN, Paulo R.; BATISTA, Alana X.; CONFORTO, Adriana B.; FIGUEIREDO, Eberval G.; MARTIN, Maria da Graca M.; AVOLIO, Isabella B.; AMARO, Edson; TEIXEIRA, Manoel J.
- Behavioral and Neural Correlates of Cognitive Training and Transfer Effects in Stroke Patients(2020) MIOTTO, Eliane C.; BAZAN, Paulo R.; BATISTA, Alana X.; CONFORTO, Adriana B.; FIGUEIREDO, Eberval G.; MARTIN, Maria Graca M.; AVOLIO, Isabella B.; JR, Edson Amaro; TEIXEIRA, Manoel J.Stroke lesions are frequently followed by cognitive impairments. Cognitive training is a non-pharmacological intervention that can promote neural compensation mechanisms and strategies to remediate cognitive impairments. The aims of this study were: (1) To investigate the cognitive performance, generalization effects, and neural correlates of semantic organization strategy training (SOST) in patients with chronic left frontoparietal stroke and healthy controls (HC); and (2) to compare the behavioral effects and neural correlates of SOST with an active control psychoeducation intervention (PI). In this randomized controlled study, all participants were randomly allocated into two groups, one group received SOST, and the other received PI intervention. Participants underwent two fMRI sessions, one prior and the other, after intervention. In each fMRI session, images were obtained during memory encoding task using a list of semantically related words. We found improved post-intervention memory performance in participants that received SOST (both patients and controls), indicated by number of words recalled, word clustering scores, and performance in a generalization task. The fMRI analysis revealed negative correlation between task performance and regions of the default-mode network. These results suggest that cognitive training using semantic organization strategy can improve episodic memory performance and promote potential functional neuroplasticity in patients with ischemic stroke lesions.
- Effects of Mnemonic Strategy Training on Brain Activity and Cognitive Functioning of Left-Hemisphere Ischemic Stroke Patients(2019) BATISTA, Alana X.; BAZAN, Paulo R.; CONFORTO, Adriana B.; MA, Maria da Graca M.; SIMON, Sharon S.; HAMPSTEAD, Benjamin; FIGUEIREDO, Eberval Gadelha; MIOTTO, Eliane C.Memory dysfunction is one of the main cognitive impairments caused by stroke, especially associative memory. Therefore, cognitive training, such as face-name mnemonic strategy training, could be an important intervention for this group of patients. The goal of this study was to evaluate the behavioral effects of face-name mnemonic strategy training, along with the neural substrate behind these effects, in the left frontoparietal lobe stroke patients. Volunteers underwent 2 sessions of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during face-name association task: one prior and the other after the cognitive training. The fMRI followed a block design task with three active conditions: trained face-name pairs, untrained face-name pairs, and a couple of repeated face-name pairs. Prior to each fMRI session, volunteers underwent neuropsychological assessment. Training resulted in better performance on delayed memory scores of HVLT-R, and on recognition on a generalization strategy task, as well as better performance in the fMRI task. Also, trained face-name pairs presented higher activation after training in default-mode network regions, such as the posterior cingulate cortex, precuneus, and angular gyrus, as well as in lateral occipital and temporal regions. Similarly, untrained face-name pairs also showed a nonspecific training effect in the right superior parietal cortex, right supramarginal gyrus, anterior intraparietal sulcus, and lateral occipital cortex. A correlation between brain activation and task performance was also found in the angular gyrus, superior parietal cortex, anterior intraparietal sulcus, and lateral occipital cortex. In conclusion, these results suggest that face-name mnemonic strategy training has the potential to improve memory performance and to foster brain activation changes, by the recruitment of contralesional areas from default-mode, frontoparietal, and dorsal attention networks as a possible compensation mechanism.
- Perilesional and contralesional brain activations related to associative encoding of unfamiliar face-names pairs in adults with left chronic stroke with or without ischemic infarct on left inferior frontal gyrus(2023) BATISTA, Alana X.; BAZAN, Paulo R.; MARTIN, Maria da Graca M.; CONFORTO, Adriana B.; HOSHINO, Mauricio; SIMON, Sharon S.; HAMPSTEAD, Benjamin; FIGUEIREDO, Eberval Gadelha; AMARO JR., Edson; MIOTTO, Eliane C.The study of an Ischemic stroke infarction allows verifying how the lesion produces alterations in the neuronal networks resulting in cognitive deficits. It also allows the verification of adaptive and maladaptive cerebral reorganization related to the injury. In our previous fMRI study, we found that patients without ischemic vascular lesions in left inferior frontal gyrus showed an efficient compensation mechanism during the associative encoding of face name pairs, by the increased activation of ventrolateral and dorsolateral areas of contralesional hemisphere associated with better memory performance. While patients with ischemic vascular lesions on left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) demonstrated worse memory performance and no signs of compensation mechanism. The present study explores more of these findings by analyzing perilesional and contralesional activations related to unfamiliar face name associative encoding in adults with chronic ischemic stroke, with or without left IFG lesion, compared to healthy controls. The main results showed that stroke survivors without lesions in IFG demonstrated increased activation in perilesional and contralesional prefrontal regions associated with better associative memory recognition, which are indicative of adaptive compensatory mechanisms. However, they also showed a negative correlation between the activation of right anterior prefrontal and inferior parietal regions and the associative memory performance, which may indicate the presence of maladaptive interhemispheric disinhibition. On the other hand, stroke survivors with IFG lesions demonstrated negative correlations in activations of the ipsilesional inferior parietal cortex and positive correlations in activations of the left middle frontal gyrus and left precentral cortex, which demonstrate the simultaneous occurrence of adaptive and maladaptive brain reorganization mechanisms in this group. However, the increase in perilesional prefrontal regions, associated with bilateral activation of the hippocampus and amygdala, was not enough to compensate for the inefficiency of associative memory performance. Finally, the differences in activation observed in stroke survivors reflect their clinical heterogeneity and demonstrate that adaptive or maladaptive compensatory mechanisms can coexist in the same group of patients. Furthermore, they reinforce the importance of the left IFG in the associative encoding of unfamiliar face name pairs and may suggest a deficit in associative memory related to injury in this region. (C) 2023 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
- Resting state functional connectivity and neural correlates of face-name encoding in patients with ischemic vascular lesions with and without the involvement of the left inferior frontal gyrus(2019) BATISTA, Alana X.; BAZAN, Paulo R.; CONFORTO, Adriana B.; MARTINS, Maria da Graca M.; HOSHINO, Mauricio; SIMON, Sharon S.; HAMPSTEAD, Benjamin; FIGUEIREDO, Eberual G.; CASTRO, Marcia P.; MICHELAN, Debora; AMARO JR., Edson; MIOTTO, Eliane C.Face-name association is a relevant ability for social interactions and involves the ventral and dorsolateral prefrontal cortices, particularly in the left hemisphere, bilateral hippocampal, fusiform gyrus and occipital regions. Previous studies demonstrated the primary role of the hippocampus for this ability in healthy subjects. However, no study has examined the participation of the left inferior frontal area, specially the left inferior frontal gyrus (LIFG) in patients with ischemic vascular lesions. In the present study we addressed this issue and investigated the neural correlates and resting state functional connectivity of face-name memory encoding in ischemic patients with LIFG or without lesions in the left IFG (nLIFG) and healthy controls (HC) using fMRI. The main results showed that the nLIFG group demonstrated efficient compensation related to encoding and performance on face-name learning and recognition memory task, in addition to similar brain areas activated during task performance compared to healthy controls. Some of these areas were more activated in nLIFG group, indicating a compensation mechanism. In contrast, the LIFG group showed worse behavior performance, and no signs of an efficient compensation mechanism. Functional connectivity analysis suggested that the left IFG region seems to be important for maintaining the connectivity of the right fusiform gyrus or, perhaps, lesion in this area is associated to maladaptive reorganization. Our findings highlight the relevant role of the left IFG in face-name learning and encoding, possibly as a primary region in addition to the bilateral hippocampal formation and fusiform gyrus.
Full length article White matter microstructural damage in chronic ischemic stroke affecting the left inferior frontal gyrus: Association with cognitive functions
(2022) QUEIROZ, Julia de Souza; BAZAN, Paulo R.; BATISTA, Alana X.; MARTIN, Maria da Graca Morais; MIOTTO, Eliane Correa; RIMKUS, Carolina de MedeirosBrain ischemia affects the integrity of local white matter and regions that are distant to the primary lesion location. In this study, we analyzed the patterns of white matter microstructural damage and the cognitive performance of 22 patients with left hemisphere stroke. Patients were divided in two groups: one with target lesion affecting the left inferior frontal gyrus (left inferior frontal gyrus, LIFG, n = 11) and the other without ischemic lesion in this region (non-left inferior frontal gyrus, NLIFG, n = 11). Each group was compared with 11 matched healthy controls. Tract-Based Spatial Statistics was used to assess differences in diffusion tensor indices between the groups and for the association of white matter structure with cognitive performance. When compared to Controls, the LIFG showed extensive intra-and interhemispheric disconnection, with surrogate markers for tissue loss with demyelination in the corpus callosum, and microstructural changes that are independent of gross tissue loss in the contralateral hemisphere. The NLIFG group presented discrete alterations in white matter from the ipsilateral hemisphere, with surrogate markers for tissue loss with axonal injury. When LIFG is compared to NLIFG, white matter abnormalities with no gross tissue loss were observed in the corpus callosum and in the contralateral hemisphere. In addition LIFG had worse performance on cognitive functions. In conclusion, our results identify different diffusion profiles for LIFG and NLIFG groups, suggesting more extensive and pronounced white matter damage in the commissural and interhemispheric connections in the LIFG group, in addition to more pronounced cognitive impairment.