HOMERO PINTO VALLADA FILHO
Projetos de Pesquisa
Unidades Organizacionais
Departamento de Psiquiatria, Faculdade de Medicina - Docente
LIM/23 - Laboratório de Psicopatologia e Terapêutica Psiquiátrica, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina - Líder
LIM/23 - Laboratório de Psicopatologia e Terapêutica Psiquiátrica, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina - Líder
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- A preliminary survey on the religious profile of Brazilian psychiatrists and their approach to patients' religiosity in clinical practice(2016) MENEGATTI-CHEQUINI, Maria Cecilia; GONCALVES, Juliane P. B.; LEAO, Frederico C.; PERES, Mario F. P.; VALLADA, HomeroBackground Although there is evidence of a relationship between religion/spirituality and mental health, it remains unclear how Brazilian psychiatrists deal with the religion/spirituality of their patients. Aims To explore whether Brazilian psychiatrists enquire about religion/spirituality in their practice and whether their own beliefs influence their work. Method Four hundred and eighty-four Brazilian psychiatrists completed a cross-sectional survey on religion/spirituality and clinical practice. Results Most psychiatrists had a religious affiliation (67.4%) but more than half of the 484 participants (55.5%) did not usually enquire about patients' religion/spirituality. The most common reasons for not assessing patients' religion/spirituality were 'being afraid of exceeding the role of a doctor' (30.2%) and 'lack of training' (22.3%). Conclusions Very religious/spiritual psychiatrists were the most likely to ask about their patients' religion/spirituality. Training in how to deal with a patient's religiosity might help psychiatrists to develop better patient rapport and may contribute to the patient's quicker recovery. Copyright and usage (C) The Royal College of Psychiatrists 2016.
- The influence of lithium on hippocampal volume in elderly bipolar patients: a study using voxel-based morphometry(2016) ZUNG, S.; SOUZA-DURAN, F. L.; SOEIRO-DE-SOUZA, M. G.; UCHIDA, R.; BOTTINO, C. M.; BUSATTO, G. F.; VALLADA, H.Recent studies have demonstrated that lithium (Li) exerts neuronal protective and regenerative effects both in vitro and in vivo. However, the effects of long-term Li treatment in the brain areas associated with memory impairment of elderly bipolar patients are still unknown. The aim of this study was to compare the hippocampal volumes of elderly bipolar patients using Li, elderly bipolar patients not using Li and healthy controls. Sociodemographic, clinical and magnetic resonance imaging data from 30 elderly euthymic bipolar patients who had been using Li for an average of >61 months; 27 elderly euthymic bipolar patients not taking Li for an average of 45 months; and 22 elderly healthy controls were analyzed. Volumetric differences in the hippocampus between groups were investigated with voxel-based morphometry (VBM) based on the Statistical Parametric Mapping technique. No statistical differences in sociodemographic and clinical characteristics and course of bipolar disorder between the two bipolar groups were observed. Using small volume correction in the VBM analysis (analysis of variance (ANOVA)), one voxel cluster of statistical significance was detected in the left hippocampus (P<0.05 corrected for multiple comparisons, extent threshold >10 voxels). Post hoc unpaired t-tests revealed increased left hippocampal volume in the Li-treated group compared with the non-Li-treated group, and decreased left hippocampal volume in the non-Li group relative to controls. Additional exploratory two-group comparisons indicated trends toward reduced right-hippocampal volumes in the non-Li-treated group relative to both the Li-treated group and controls. The findings suggested that the use of Li may influence the volume of the hippocampus, possibly due to its neuroprotective effects.
conferenceObject Sleep characteristics and sleep quality in a rural Brazilian family-based cohort(2016) BEIJAMINI, F.; KNUTSON, K. L.; VALLADA, H.; PEREIRA, A. C.; KIEGER, J. E.; PEDRAZZOLI, M.; LORENZI-FILHO, G.; SCHANTZ, M. von- Cohort profile: the Baependi Heart Study - a family-based, highly admixed cohort study in a rural Brazilian town(2016) EGAN, Kieren J.; SCHANTZ, Malcolm von; NEGRAO, Andre B.; SANTOS, Hadassa C.; HORIMOTO, Andrea R. V. R.; DUARTE, Nubia E.; GONCALVES, Guilherme C.; SOLER, Julia M. P.; ANDRADE, Mariza de; LORENZI-FILHO, Geraldo; VALLADA, Homero; TAPOROSKI, Tamara P.; PEDRAZZOLI, Mario; AZAMBUJA, Ana P.; OLIVEIRA, Camila M. de; ALVIM, Rafael O.; KRIEGER, Jose E.; PEREIRA, Alexandre C.Purpose: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major challenge to global health. The same epidemiological transition scenario is replayed as countries develop, but with variations based on environment, culture and ethnic mixture. The Baependi Heart Study was set up in 2005 to develop a longitudinal family-based cohort study that reflects on some of the genetic and lifestyle-related peculiarities of the Brazilian populations, in order to evaluate genetic and environmental influences on CVD risk factor traits. Participants: Probands were recruited in Baependi, a small rural town in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, following by first-degree and then increasingly more distant relatives. The first follow-up wave took place in 2010, and the second in 2016. At baseline, the study evaluated 1691 individuals across 95 families. Cross-sectional data have been collected for 2239 participants. Findings to date: Environmental and lifestyle factors and measures relevant to cardiovascular health have been reported. Having expanded beyond cardiovascular health outcomes, the phenotype datasets now include genetics, biochemistry, anthropometry, mental health, sleep and circadian rhythms. Many of these have yielded heritability estimates, and a shared genetic background of anxiety and depression has recently been published. In spite of universal access to electricity, the population has been found to be strongly shifted towards morningness compared with metropolitan areas. Future plans: A new follow-up, marking 10 years of the study, is ongoing in 2016, in which data are collected as in 2010 (with the exception of the neuropsychiatric protocol). In addition to this, a novel questionnaire package collecting information about intelligence, personality and spirituality is being planned. The data set on circadian rhythms and sleep will be amended through additional questionnaires, actimetry, home sleep EEG recording and dim light melatonin onset (DLMO) analysis. Finally, the anthropometric measures will be expanded by adding three-dimensional facial photography, voice recording and anatomical brain MRI.
conferenceObject The impact of CACNA1C risk allele on prefrontal age-related cortical thinning in bipolar I disorder(2016) SOEIRO-DE-SOUZA, M.; MORENO, R.; NERY, F.; MACHADO-VIEIRA, R.; CHAIM, K.; LAFER, B.; OTADUY, M.; VALLADA, H.conferenceObject The impact of CACNA1C risk allele on prefrontal age-related cortical thinning in bipolar I disorder(2016) SOEIRO-DE-SOUZA, M.; MORENO, R.; NERY, F.; CHAIM, K.; VALLADA, H.; MACHADO-VIEIRA, R.; LAFER, B.; OTADUY, M. C.- Mental and Physical Health and Spiritual Healing: An Evaluation of Complementary Religious Therapies Provided by Spiritist Centers in the City of So Paulo, Brazil(2016) LUCCHETTI, Alessandra Lamas Granero; LUCCHETTI, Giancarlo; LEAO, Frederico Camelo; PERES, Mario Fernando Prieto; VALLADA, HomeroThe present study aims to describe the characteristics of the complementary religious treatment conducted by Spiritist centers in the city of So Paulo (Brazil), to understand how physical and mental health problems are addressed and how the directors of these centers differentiate between persons with spiritual experiences from those with psychiatric disorders. From 365 Spiritist centers, which received the questionnaire, 55 (15.1 %) were included in the final analysis. There were on average 261 people per week attending spiritual sessions in each center, totalizing approximately 15,000 attendees per week in all 55 centers. The most common treatment performed in these centers was disobsession (Spirit release therapy) (92.7 %); the least common was the 'spiritual surgery', present in only 5.5 %. The most frequent health problems reported by attendees were depression (45.1 %), cancer (43.1 %) and diseases in general (33.3 %). Concerning the directors' awareness to differentiate between spiritual experiences and psychiatric disorders, we found some remarkable divergent opinions. In conclusion, the Spiritist centers are an important health related support system for the city of So Paulo, responsible for a significant share of the city's total health consultations. The most common conditions the patients suffer from were depression and cancer.
- Timing and quality of sleep in a rural Brazilian family-based cohort, the Baependi Heart Study(2016) BEIJAMINI, F.; KNUTSON, K. L.; LORENZI-FILHO, G.; EGAN, K. J.; TAPOROSKI, T. P.; PAULA, L. K. G. De; NEGRAO, A. B.; HORIMOTO, A. R. V. R.; DUARTE, N. E.; VALLADA, H.; KRIEGER, J. E.; PEDRAZZOLI, M.; PEREIRA, A. C.; SCHANTZ, M. vonSleep is modulated by several factors, including sex, age, and chronotype. It has been hypothesised that contemporary urban populations are under pressure towards shorter sleep duration and poorer sleep quality. Baependi is a small town in Brazil that provides a window of opportunity to study the influence of sleep patterns in a highly admixed rural population with a conservative lifestyle. We evaluated sleep characteristics, excessive daytime sleepiness, and chronotype using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Epworth Sleepiness Scale and Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire questionnaires, respectively. The sample consisted of 1,334 subjects from the Baependi Heart study (41.5% male; age: 46.5 +/- 16.2 y, range: 18-89 years). Average self-reported sleep duration was 07:07 +/- 01:31 (bedtime 22:32 +/- 01:27, wake up time: 06:17 +/- 01:25 hh:min), sleep quality score was 4.9 + 3.2, chronotype was 63.6 +/- 10.8 and daytime sleepiness was 7.4 +/- 4.8. Despite a shift towards morningness in the population, chronotype remained associated with reported actual sleep timing. Age and sex modulated the ontogeny of sleep and chronotype, increasing age was associated with earlier sleep time and shorter sleep duration. Women slept longer and later, and reported poorer sleep quality than men (p < 0.0001). This study provides indirect evidence in support of the hypothesis that sleep timing was earlier prior to full urbanisation.