HOMERO PINTO VALLADA FILHO
Projetos de Pesquisa
Unidades Organizacionais
Departamento de Psiquiatria, Faculdade de Medicina - Docente
LIM/23 - Laboratório de Psicopatologia e Terapêutica Psiquiátrica, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina - Líder
LIM/23 - Laboratório de Psicopatologia e Terapêutica Psiquiátrica, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina - Líder
54 resultados
Resultados de Busca
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- Association study between the rs165599 catechol-O-methyltransferase genetic polymorphism and schizophrenia in a Brazilian sample(2012) CORDEIRO, Quirino; SILVA, Renata Teixeira da; VALLADA, HomeroSchizophrenia is a severe psychiatric disorder with frequent recurrent psychotic relapses and progressive functional impairment. It results from a poorly understood gene-environment interaction. The gene encoding catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) is a likely candidate for schizophrenia. Its rs165599 (A/G) polymorphism has been shown to be associated with alteration of COMT gene expression. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate a possible association between schizophrenia and this polymorphism. The distribution of the alleles and genotypes of this polymorphism was investigated in a Brazilian sample of 245 patients and 834 controls. The genotypic frequencies were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and no statistically significant differences were found between cases and controls when analyzed according to gender or schizophrenia subtypes. There was also no difference in homozygosis between cases and controls. Thus, in the sample studied, there was no evidence of any association between schizophrenia and rs165599 (A/G) polymorphism in the non-coding region 3' of the COMT gene.
- Religious and spiritual interventions in mental health care: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials(2015) GONCALVES, J. P. B.; LUCCHETTI, G.; MENEZES, P. R.; VALLADA, H.Background. Despite the extensive literature assessing associations between religiosity/spirituality and health, few studies have investigated the clinical applicability of this evidence. The purpose of this paper was to assess the impact of religious/spiritual interventions (RSI) through randomized clinical trials (RCTs). Method. A systematic review was performed in the following databases: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, PsycINFO, Cochrane Collaboration, Embase and SciELO. Through the use of a Boolean expression, articles were included if they: (i) investigated mental health outcomes; (ii) had a design consistent with RCTs. We excluded protocols involving intercessory prayer or distance healing. The study was conducted in two phases by reading: (1) title and abstracts; (2) full papers and assessing their methodological quality. Then, a meta-analysis was carried out. Results. Through this method, 4751 papers were obtained, of which 23 remained included. The meta-analysis showed significant effects of RSI on anxiety general symptoms (p < 0.001) and in subgroups: meditation (p < 0.001); psychotherapy (p = 0.02); 1 month of follow-up (p < 0.001); and comparison groups with interventions (p < 0.001). Two significant differences were found in depressive symptoms: between 1 and 6 months and comparison groups with interventions (p = 0.05). In general, studies have shown that RSI decreased stress, alcoholism and depression. Conclusions. RCTs on RSI showed additional benefits including reduction of clinical symptoms (mainly anxiety). The diversity of protocols and outcomes associated with a lack of standardization of interventions point to the need for further studies evaluating the use of religiosity/spirituality as a complementary treatment in health care.
conferenceObject Association between MAO-A and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder related phenotypes(2013) SAMPAIO, A. S.; HOUNIE, A. G.; PETRIBU, K.; CAPPI, C.; MORAIS, I. A.; QUARANTINI, L. C.; FILHO, H. P. V.; ROSARIO, M. da Conceicao do; STEWART, S. E.; FARGENESS, J.; MATTHEWS, C.; ARNOLD, P.; RICHTER, M.; KENNEDY, J.; HANNA, G. L.; PAULS, D. L.; MIGUEL FILHO, E. C.- Association study between functional polymorphisms in the TNF-alpha gene and obsessive-compulsive disorder(2012) CAPPI, Carolina; MUNIZ, Renan Kawano; SAMPAIO, Aline Santos; CORDEIRO, Quirino; BRENTANI, Helena; PALACIOS, Selma A.; MARQUES, Andrea H.; VALLADA, Homero; MIGUEL, Euripedes Constantino; GUILHERME, Luiza; HOUNIE, Ana GabrielaObsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a prevalent psychiatric disorder of unknown etiology. However, there is some evidence that the immune system may play an important role in its pathogenesis. In the present study, two polymorphisms (rs1800795 and rs361525) in the promoter region of the cytokine tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFA) gene were genotyped in 183 OCD patients and in 249 healthy controls. The statistical tests were performed using the PLINK (R) software. We found that the A allele of the TNFA rs361525 polymorphism was significantly associated with OCD subjects, according to the allelic x association test (p=0.007). The presence of genetic markers, such as inflammatory cytokines genes linked to OCD, may represent additional evidence supporting the rote of the immune system in its pathogenesis.
- GENOME-WIDE DNA METHYLATION ANALYSIS IN THE SALIVA OF CRACK COCAINE DEPENDENTS(2019) CAMILO, Caroline; MASCHIETTO, Mariana; NEGRAO, Andre Brooking; RIBEIRO, Marcelo; LARANJEIRA, Ronaldo; BRENTANI, Helena; VALLADA, Homero
- How psychiatrists think about religious and spiritual beliefs in clinical practice: findings from a university hospital in Sao Paulo, Brazil(2019) MENEGATTI-CHEQUINI, Maria C.; MARALDI, Everton de O.; PERES, Mario F. P.; LEAO, Frederico C.; VALLADA, HomeroObjective: To examine the relationship between psychiatrists' religious/spiritual beliefs and their attitudes regarding religion and spirituality in clinical practice. Methods: A cross-sectional survey of religion/spirituality (R/S) in clinical practice was conducted with 121 psychiatrists from the largest academic hospital complex in Brazil. Results: When asked about their R/S beliefs, participants were more likely to consider themselves as spiritual rather than religious. A total of 64.2% considered their religious beliefs to influence their clinical practice and 50% reported that they frequently enquired about their patients' R/S. The most common barriers to approaching patients' religiosity were: lack of time (27.4%), fear of exceeding the role of the doctor (25%), and lack of training (19.1%). Those who were less religious or spiritual were also less likely to find difficulties in addressing a patient's R/S. Conclusion: Differences in psychiatrists' religious and spiritual beliefs are associated with different attitudes concerning their approach to R/S. The results suggest that medical practice may lead to a religious conflict among devout psychiatrists, making them question their faith. Training might be of importance for handling R/S in clinical practice and for raising awareness about potential evaluative biases in the assessment of patients' religiosity.
- Religious landscape in Brazil: Comparing different representative nationwide approaches to obtain sensitive information in healthcare research(2018) PERES, Mario Fernando Prieto; OLIVEIRA, Ardo Belitardo de; LEAO, Frederico Camelo; VALLADA, Homero; MOREIRA-ALMEIDA, Alexander; LUCCHETTI, GiancarloAlthough the basis of religious studies start with demographics, nation-wide data are often extracted from face-to-face interviews (leading to a social-desirability bias) and in studies not originally designed to assess religion. This study aims to understand the religious landscape in Brazil and to investigate the feasibility of carrying out a representative nation-wide survey without interviewers, comparing it with other representative face-to-face surveys. We conducted a nationwide online survey representing all regions in Brazil. These results were compared with five other Brazilian representative surveys. A total of 1169 individuals completed the online questionnaires. The percentage of participants according to the gender and in relation to the Brazilian region was quite similar for all surveys. However, the online survey had the higher level of education among all surveys. In relation to the religious characteristics, the percentage of each variable varied from survey to survey. Those surveys originally designed to assess religion tended to yield more religious affiliations and less ceiling effects. The online survey was able to identify more diverse religious affiliations and more balanced responses in the religious attendance and importance of religion in life. The present study found that, even in nation-wide representative surveys, there are important differences in the results obtained while investigating religion. These differences could be associated with the type of data collection (face-to-face and online), the design of the study (originally designed to investigate religion or not) and options and the type of the questions used.
conferenceObject GAD1 POLYMORPHISMS ARE ASSOCIATED WITH GLUTAMATERGIC ACTIVITY IN THE ANTERIOR CINGULATE IN BIPOLAR I DISORDER(2017) SOEIRO-DE-SOUZA, Marcio; MACHADO-VIEIRA, Rodrigo; MORENO, Ricardo; CHILE, Thais; GOUVEIA, Gisele; PASTORELLO, Bruno; LEITE, Claudia; HENNING, Anke; OTADUY, Maria Concepcion; VALLADA, Homero- GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION STUDY OF COMORBID DEPRESSION AND ANXIETY SYMPTOMS IN AN EXTENDED PEDIGREE COHORT(2019) NEGRAO, Andre Brooking; TAPOROSKI, Tamara; ESTEBAN, Nubia; SCHANTZ, Malcolm von; VALLADA, Homero; PEREIRA, Alexandre Costa
- Patterns of religiosity and spirituality of psychiatrists in Brazil and the implications for clinical practice: a latent profile analysis(2020) MENEGATTI-CHEQUINI, Maria Cecilia; LOCH, Alexandre A.; LEAO, Frederico C.; PERES, Mario F. P.; VALLADA, HomeroBackgroundAlthough there is consensus, in psychiatry, over the inclusion of religious and spiritual aspects when evaluating and treating the patient, investigation of these dimensions is rare. There is evidence as to the relationship between psychiatrists' religious/spiritual beliefs and their willingness to discuss a patient's religion and spirituality (R/S). Due to the lack of information about how psychiatrists in Brazil deal with R/S in patient care, the aim of the present study is to analyze the religious/spiritual profile of these professionals and to ascertain its influence on attitudes and behavior in clinical practice.MethodsFive hundred and ninety-two psychiatrists from Brazil answered a questionnaire about R/S in clinical practice. The latent profile analysis was used to search for differences of religious/spiritual profiles. The ANOVA and Pearson's chi-square tests were employed to identify any correlation between clinical opinion and behaviors according to the different profiles.ResultsTwo religious/spiritual profiles were identified (entropy value >0,96): the so called ""less religious"" group (n=245), comprised predominantly by men, professionally more experienced, with a higher level of academic education (Master or PhD degrees) and were the ones who least enquired about their patients' R/S; and the ""more religious"" psychiatrists (n=347) those who had higher consideration for R/S on health, and who more often addressed R/S with their patients and therefore usually ascribed importance to include R/S in their professional training.ConclusionThe latent profile analysis produced two distinct classes between the Brazilian psychiatrists according to their R/S views: the more religious professionals, who investigate the patient's R/S in a more detailed manner, and the less religious, who tend to disregard this aspect.