ALFESIO LUIS FERREIRA BRAGA
Projetos de Pesquisa
Unidades Organizacionais
LIM/05 - Laboratório de Poluição Atmosférica Experimental, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina
5 resultados
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- Air pollution and low birth weight in an industrialized city in Southeastern Brazil, 2003-2006(2017) REIS, Marcelo Moreno dos; GUIMARÃES, Mariana Tavares; BRAGA, Alfésio Luís Ferreira; MARTINS, Lourdes Conceição; PEREIRA, Luiz Alberto AmadorABSTRACT: Introduction: Birth weight is an important indicator of several conditions that manifest earlier (as fetal and neonatal mortality and morbidity, inhibited growth and cognitive development) and later in life such as chronic diseases. Air pollution has been associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Objective: Retrospective cohort study investigated the association between low birth weight (LBW) and maternal exposure to air pollutants in Volta Redonda city, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from 2003 to 2006. Methods: Birth data was obtained from Brazilian Information System. Exposure information (O3, PM10, temperature and humidity) was provided by Governmental Air Quality Monitoring System. Linear and Logistic models, adjusted for sex, type of pregnancy, prenatal care, place of birth, maternal age, parity, education, congenital anomalies and weather variables were employed. Results: Low birth weight (LBW) represented 9.1% of all newborns (13,660). For an interquartile range increase in PM10 it was found OR2 ndTrimester = 1.06 (95%CI 1.02 - 1.10), OR3 rdTrimester = 1.06 (95%CI 1.02 - 1.10) and, in O3 it was found OR2 ndTrimester = 1.03 (95%CI 1.01 - 1.04), OR3 rdTrimester = 1.03 (95%CI 1.02 - 1.04). The dose-response relationship and a reduction in birth weight of 31.11 g (95%CI -56.64 - -5.58) was observed in the third trimester of pregnancy due to an interquartile increase of O3. Conclusion: This study suggests that exposures to PM10 and O3, even being below the Brazilian air quality standards, contribute to risks of low birth weight.
- Effects of air pollution caused by sugarcane burning in Western Sao Paulo on the cardiovascular system(2017) PESTANA, Paula Roberta da Silva; BRAGA, Alfesio Luis Ferreira; RAMOS, Ercy Mara Cipulo; OLIVEIRA, Ariadna Ferraz de; OSADNIK, Christian Robert; FERREIRA, Aline Duarte; RAMOS, DioneiOBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of acute exposure to air pollutants (NO2 and PM10) on hospitalization of adults and older people with cardiovascular diseases in Western Sao Paulo. METHODS: Daily cardiovascular- related hospitalization data (CID10 - 100 to 199) were acquired by the Department of Informatics of the Brazilian Unified Health System (DATASUS) from January 2009 to December 2012. Daily levels of NO2 and PM10 and weather data were obtained from Companhia Ambiental do Estado de Sao Paulo (CETESB - Sao Paulo State Environmental Agency). To estimate the effects of air pollutants exposure on hospital admissions, generalized linear Poisson regression models were used. RESULTS: During the study period, 6,363 hospitalizations were analysed. On the day of NO2 exposure, an increase of 1.12% (95% CI 0.05- 2.20) was observed in the interquartile range along with an increase in hospital admissions. For PM10, a pattern of similar effect was observed; however, results were not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: Even though with values within established limits, NO2 is an important short- term risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity.
- Suicide and meteorological factors in Sao Paulo, Brazil, 1996-2011: a time series analysis(2017) BANDO, Daniel H.; TENG, Chei T.; VOLPE, Fernando M.; MASI, Eduardo de; PEREIRA, Luiz A.; BRAGA, Alfesio L.Objective: Considering the scarcity of reports from intertropical latitudes and the Southern Hemisphere, we aimed to examine the association between meteorological factors and suicide in Sao Paulo. Method: Weekly suicide records stratified by sex were gathered. Weekly averages for minimum, mean, and maximum temperature (degrees C), insolation (hours), irradiation (MJ/m(2)), relative humidity (%), atmospheric pressure (mmHg), and rainfall (mm) were computed. The time structures of explanatory variables were modeled by polynomial distributed lag applied to the generalized additive model. The model controlled for long-term trends and selected meteorological factors. Results: The total number of suicides was 6,600 (5,073 for men), an average of 6.7 suicides per week (8.7 for men and 2.0 for women). For overall suicides and among men, effects were predominantly acute and statistically significant only at lag 0. Weekly average minimum temperature had the greatest effect on suicide; there was a 2.28% increase (95% CI 0.90-3.69) in total suicides and a 2.37% increase (95% CI 0.82-3.96) among male suicides with each 1 degrees C increase. Conclusion: This study suggests that an increase in weekly average minimum temperature has a short-term effect on suicide in Sao Paulo.
- Seven-day cumulative effects of air pollutants increase respiratory ER visits up to threefold(2017) SCHVARTSMAN, Claudio; PEREIRA, Luiz Alberto Amador; BRAGA, Alfesio Luiz Ferreira; FARHAT, Sylvia Costa LimaObjective: Children are especially vulnerable to respiratory injury induced by exposure to air pollutants. In the present study, we investigate periods of up to 7 days, and evaluate the lagged effects of exposure to air pollutants on the daily number of children and adolescents visiting the emergency room (ER) for the treatment of lower respiratory obstructive diseases (LROD), in the city of SAo Paulo, Brazil. Methods: Daily records of LROD-related ER visits by children and adolescents under the age of 19, from January 2000 to December 2007 (2,922 days) were included in the study. Time-series regression models (generalized linear Poisson) were used to control for short- and long-term trends, as well as for temperature and relative humidity. Third-degree polynomial lag models were used to estimate both lag structures and the cumulative effects of air pollutants. Effects of air pollutants were expressed as the percentage increase in LROD-related ER visits. Results: We observed an acute effect at the same day of exposure to air pollutants; however, the cumulative effects of air pollutants on the number of LROD-related ER visits was almost threefold greater than the one observed at the same day of exposure to PM10, SO2, and NO2 mainly in children aged 5 years and under. The 7-day cumulative effect of SO2 reached 11.0% (95% CI: 5.0-16.7) increase in visits. Conclusion and Relevance: This study highlights the effects of intermediate-term exposure to air pollutants on LROD in children. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2017;52:205-212. (c) 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
- Dental enamel as biomarker for environmental contaminants in relevant industrialized estuary areas in Sao Paulo, Brazil(2017) OLIVEIRA, Vera Lucia Ferreira de; GERLACH, Raquel Fernanda; MARTINS, Lourdes Conceicao; GUERRA, Carolina de Souza; FRAZAO, Paulo; BRAGA, Alfesio Luis Ferreira; PEREIRA, Luiz Alberto AmadorHeavy metal contamination is a long-standing and very well-known public health problem, and its exposure can cause damage to several organs of human body, especially on the central nervous system of young children and teenagers. The aim of this article is to evaluate lead, cadmium, and manganese contamination in 125 children from 6 to 13 years old living in contaminated areas during the period from 2006 to 2009 (Sao Vicente, Cubatao Downtown, Bertioga and Cubatao Piloes/Agua Fria). This estuary area is the most important example of environmental degradation by chemicals from industrial sources. This is a cross-sectional study through clinical examinations and dental enamel tests. All mothers from these children lived in the area since before the pregnancy. Lead, cadmium, and manganese levels (mu g/g) were measured on dental enamel samples through graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry, searching for the occurrence of heavy metals. The mean lead concentrations were 139.48 mu g/g in Cubatao Piloes/Agua Fria, 170.45 mu g/g in Cubatao Downtown, 213.52 mu g/g in Sao Vicente, and 151.89 mu g/g in Bertioga. The mean cadmium concentrations were 10.83 mu g/g in Cubatao Piloes/Agua Fria, 12.58 mu g/g in Cubatao Downtown, 10.92 mu g/g in Sao Vicente, and 14.57 mu g/g in Bertioga. The mean manganese concentrations were 23.49 mu g/g in Cubatao Piloes/Agua Fria, 30.90 mu g/g in Cubatao Downtown, 41.46 mu g/g in Sao Vicente, and 42.00 mu g/g in Bertioga. Dental surface enamel may be used as an efficient biomarker of past environmental exposure to lead, manganese, and cadmium which are associated to well-known sources of heavy metal contamination. The results suggest that the evaluated children were exposed to sources of lead, cadmium, and manganese since before their conceptions. Although Bertioga initially was chosen as a control area of this study, it was also was verified to have heavy metal contamination on examined children.