CRISTIANO TEIXEIRA MOSTARDA
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conferenceObject Diabetic hyperglycemia attenuates sympathetic dysfunction and oxidative stress after myocardial infarction in rats(2014) MALFITANO, C.; BARBOZA, C. A. B.; MOSTARDA, C. M.; PALMA, R. K. P.; CONSOLIM-COLOMBO, F. M. C. C.; BELLO-KLEIN, A. B. K.; IRIGOYEN, M. C. I.; ANGELIS, K. D. A. De- EFFECT OF STRENGTH TRAINING ON CARDIOVASCULAR VARIABLES IN OVERWEIGHT ADOLESCENTS(2014) MIRANDA, Joao Marcelo de Queiroz; DIAS, Leandro da Costa; MOSTARDA, Cristiano Teixeira; ANGELIS, Katia De; FIGUEIRA JUNIOR, Aylton Jose; WICHI, Rogerio BrandaoObjective: This study aimed to evaluate the acute cardiorespiratory and autonomic responses induced by a resistive exercise session in overweight adolescents. Methods: We evaluated 17 male adolescents divided into control group (CG, n = 9) and overweight group (OWG, n = 7). All patients underwent one session of resistance exercises for different muscle groups, performed with overload of 60% of maximum strength, with an interval of 45 seconds between sets and 90 seconds between each exercise. Before, during and after the exercise session the following parameters were evaluated: heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and heart rate variability (HRV). Results: We observed similar behavior in both groups of SBP and DBP. The SBP increased during exercise while the DBP decreased. Both returned to baseline during recovery. HR increased during the workout in the two groups, but return to resting values only occurred in the OWG. The HRV indices in the time domain (VAR RR and RMSSD) behaved similarly to the exercise in both groups, but the SDNN index only returned to resting values in the OWG. HRV in the frequency domain exhibited similar behavior in both groups. Conclusions: It is suggested that the increased level of physical activity in overweight individuals can prevent autonomic changes that are associated with increased body weight and confer a protective effect on the cardiovascular system
- Effects of a contraceptive containing drospirenone and ethinyl estradiol on blood pressure and autonomic tone: a prospective controlled clinical trial(2014) NISENBAUM, Marcelo Gil; MELO, Nilson Roberto de; GIRIBELA, Cassiana Rosa Galvao; MORAIS, Tercio Lemos de; GUERRA, Grazia Maria; ANGELIS, Katia de; MOSTARDA, Cristiano; BARACAT, Edmund Chada; CONSOLIM-COLOMBO, Fernanda MarcianoBackground: The use of combined oral contraceptives has been associated with an increased risk of adverse cardiovascular events. Whether these drugs alter cardiac autonomic nervous system control is not completely determined. Objective: To evaluate the effect of a contraceptive containing 20 mcg of ethinyl estradiol and 3 mg of drospirenone on the heart rate variability, baroreflex sensitivity and blood pressure of healthy women. Study design: Prospective controlled trial with 69 healthy women allocated in two groups: 36 volunteers under oral combined contraceptive use and 33 volunteers using of non-hormonal contraceptive methods. Subjects were tested before the introduction of the contraceptive method and 6 months after its use. For data acquisition, we used continuous non-invasive beat-to-beat blood pressure curve recordings. Multiple ANOVA was used to determine differences between groups and moments and p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: At baseline, there were no differences in demographic and autonomic parameters between groups. Comparing cardiac sympatho-vagal modulation, baroreceptor sensitivity and blood pressure measurements between baseline and after 6 months, no significant difference was detected in each group or between groups. Conclusion: A contraceptive containing 20 mcg of ethinyl estradiol and 3 mg of drospirenone causes no significant changes in clinical, hemodynamic and autonomic parameters of normal women.
- Moderate hyperhomocysteinemia provokes dysfunction of cardiovascular autonomic system and liver oxidative stress in rats(2014) MENDES, R. H.; MOSTARDA, C.; CANDIDO, G. O.; MORAES-SILVA, I. C.; D'ALMEIDA, V.; BELLO-KLEIN, A.; IRIGOYEN, M. C.; RIGATTO, K.Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) is associated with cardiovascular disease, atherosclerosis and reactive oxygen species generation. Thus, our aim was to investigate whether there was an association between HHcy, blood pressure, autonomic control and liver oxidative stress. Male Wistar rats were divided into 2 groups and treated for 8 weeks: one group (control, CO) received tap water, while the other group (methionine, ME) was given a 100 mg/kg of methionine in water by gavage. Two catheters were implanted into the femoral artery and vein to record arterial pressure (AP) and heart rate (HR) and drug administration. Signals were recorded by a data acquisition system. Baroreflex sensitivity was evaluated by HR responses to AP changes induced by vasoactive drugs. HR variability and AP variability were performed by spectral analysis in time and frequency domains to evaluate the contribution of the sympathetic and parasympathetic modulation. Lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme activities were evaluated by measuring superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase in liver homogenates. The ME group presented a significant increase in systolic arterial pressure (118 +/- 9 vs 135 +/- 6 mm Hg), diastolic arterial pressure (81 +/- 6 vs. 92 +/- 4) and mean arterial pressure (95 +/- 7 vs. 106 +/- 6). In addition, pulse interval variability presented a significant decrease (41%), while the low frequency component of AP was significantly increased (delta P = 6.24 mmHg(2)) in the ME group. We also found a positive association between lipid peroxidation and cardiac sympathetic modulation, sympathetic and vagal modulation ratio and systolic pressure variability. Collectively, these findings showed that HHcy induced dysfunction of cardiovascular autonomic system and liver oxidative stress.
- Low intensity resistance training improves systolic function and cardiovascular autonomic control in diabetic rats(2014) MOSTARDA, Cristiano T.; RODRIGUES, Bruno; MORAES, Oscar Albuquerque de; MORAES-SILVA, Ivana C.; ARRUDA, Paula Barros Olinto; CARDOSO, Ruymar; SCAPINI, Katia Bilhar; SANTOS, Fernando dos; ANGELIS, Katia De; IRIGOYEN, Maria ClaudiaAims: We evaluated the effects of low intensity resistance training (RT) on left ventricular (LV) function, baroreflex sensitivity (BRS), and cardiovascular autonomic control of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Methods: Male Wistar rats were divided into (n = 8 each group): sedentary control (SC), trained control (TC), sedentary diabetic (SD), and trained diabetic (TD). Trained groups underwent low intensity RT (40%-50% 1 repetition maximum) for 10 weeks. Echocardiographic evaluation, arterial pressure (AP), heart rate (HR), BRS, and autonomic measurements were performed. Results: Diabetes induced an increase in glycemia and a reduction in body weight in diabetics when compared with control animals. Diabetic rats displayed cardiac dysfunction, reduced systolic AP and HR, impaired BRS and autonomic derangement when compared to control rats. RT improved ejection fraction (SD: 68% +/- 1.3% vs. TD: 75% +/- 3.0%) and velocity of circumferential fiber shortening (SD: 0.32 +/- 0.02 vs. TD: 0.40 +/- 0.01 circ/seg.10(-4)). Trained diabetic rats presented increased AP (+10.2%), HR (+10.4%), and BRS after RT protocol. Conclusions: Low intensity RT induced an increase in systolic function in diabetic rats. This may be due to positive LV remodeling and BRS improvement, which may have played an important role in the attenuation of hemodynamic impairment and cardiac autonomic neuropathy in streptozotocin-diabetic rats.
- Role of Training and Detraining on Inflammatory and Metabolic Profile in Infarcted Rats: Influences of Cardiovascular Autonomic Nervous System(2014) RODRIGUES, Bruno; SANTANA, Aline Alves; SANTAMARINA, Aline Boveto; OYAMA, Lila Missae; CAPERUTO, Erico Chagas; SOUZA, Claudio Teodoro de; BARBOZA, Catarina de Andrade; ROCHA, Leandro Yanase; FIGUEROA, Diego; MOSTARDA, Cristiano; IRIGOYEN, Maria Claudia; LIRA, Fabio SantosThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of exercise training (ET, 50-70% of VO2max, 5 days/week) and detraining (DT) on inflammatory and metabolic profile after myocardial infarction (MI) in rats. Male Wistar rats were divided into control (C, n = 8), sedentary infarcted (SI, n = 9), trained infarcted (TI, n = 10; 3 months of ET), and detrained infarcted (DI, n = 11; 2 months of ET + 1 month of DT). After ET and DT protocols, ventricular function and inflammation, cardiovascular autonomic modulation (spectral analysis), and adipose tissue inflammation and lipolytic pathway were evaluated. ET after MI improved cardiac and vascular autonomic modulation, and these benefits were correlated with reduced inflammatory cytokines on the heart and adipose tissue. These positive changes were sustained even after 1 month of detraining. No expressive changes were observed in oxidative stress and lipolytic pathway in experimental groups. In conclusion, our results strongly suggest that the autonomic improvement promoted by ET, and maintained even after the detraining period, was associated with reduced inflammatory profile in the left ventricle and adipose tissue of rats subjected to MI. These data encourage enhancing cardiovascular autonomic function as a therapeutic strategy for the treatment of inflammatory process triggered by MI.
- Effects of catecholamines on volemic replacement with saline solution and the impact on heart rate variability in rabbits subjected to hemorrhage. A study by spectral analysis(2014) MORAES, Jose Mariano Soares de; VANE, Matheus Fachini; RODRIGUES, Denise de Fatima; MOSTARDA, Cristiano Teixeira; MORAES, Thiago Soares Mendes Moreira de; VANE, Lucas Fachini; GANEM, Eliana Marisa; CAVALCANTI, Ismar Lima; MODOLO, Norma Sueli Pinheiro; VANE, Luiz AntonioPURPOSE: To verify the effects of different catecholamines on volemic expansion and on the autonomic nervous system in rabbits that were subjected to hemorrhage. METHODS: Twenty four rabbits subjected to hemorrhage (with a 25% loss of blood volume) and were randomly divided into four experimental groups: 1) HEMO Group underwent replacement with their own blood in an equal volume; 2) SS Group underwent replacement with saline solution (SS) in a volume that corresponded to three times the removed blood volume; 3) ISP Group underwent replacement with SS and isoprenaline; 4) FNL Group underwent replacement with SS and phenylephrine. Spectral Analysis of the heart rate and heart rate variability were performed from the recorded data. Hematocrit was measured throughout the experiment. RESULTS: Replacement with SS and an alpha- or beta- agonist did not produce differences in the intravascular retention compared to replacement with SS alone. An analysis of HRV showed that the FNL group maintained the LF/HF ratio better than ISP and SS. CONCLUSIONS: No difference in vascular retention when alpha- or beta- agonists were added to SS during post-hemorrhagic recovery. The animals in the FNL group maintained the integrity of the autonomic response within normal physiological standards during hemorrhagic stress.
- Diabetic hyperglycemia attenuates sympathetic dysfunction and oxidative stress after myocardial infarction in rats(2014) MALFITANO, Christiane; BARBOZA, Catarina Andrade; MOSTARDA, Cristiano; PALMA, Renata Kelly da; SANTOS, Camila Paixao dos; RODRIGUES, Bruno; FREITAS, Sarah Cristina Ferreira; BELLO-KLEIN, Adriane; LLESUY, Susana; IRIGOYEN, Maria-Claudia; ANGELIS, Katia DeBackground: Previous research has demonstrated that hyperglycemia may protect the heart against ischemic injury. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between hyperglycemia and myocardial infarction on cardiovascular autonomic modulation and cardiac oxidative stress profile in rats. Male Wistar rats were divided into: control (C), diabetic (D), myocardial infarcted (MI) and diabetic infarcted rats (DMI). Methods: Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin (STZ, 50 mg/Kg) at the beginning of the protocol and MI was induced by left coronary occlusion 15 days after STZ. Thirty days after streptozocin-induced diabetes, cardiovascular autonomic modulation was evaluated by spectral analysis, and oxidative stress profile was determined by antioxidant enzyme activities and superoxide anion, together with protein carbonylation and redox balance of glutathione (GSH/GSSG). Results: The diabetic and infarcted groups showed decreased heart rate variability and vagal modulation (p < 0.05); however, sympathetic modulation decreased only in diabetic groups (p < 0.05). Sympatho/vagal balance and vascular sympathetic modulation were increased only in the MI group (p < 0.05). Diabetes promoted an increase in catalase concentration (p < 0.05). Glutathione peroxidase activity was increased only in DMI when compared to the other groups (p < 0.05). Superoxide anion and protein carbonylation were increased only in MI group (p < 0.05). Cardiac redox balance, as evaluated by GSH/GSSG, was lower in the MI group (p < 0.05). Conclusions: These data suggest that hyperglycemia promotes compensatory mechanisms that may offer protection against ischemia, as demonstrated by increased antioxidants, decreased pro-oxidants and protein damage, possibly related to the improvements in both redox balance and sympathetic modulation to the heart.
- Cardiac Impairment Evaluated by Transesophageal Echocardiography and Invasive Measurements in Rats Undergoing Sinoaortic Denervation(2014) SIRVENTE, Raquel A.; IRIGOYEN, Maria C.; SOUZA, Leandro E.; MOSTARDA, Cristiano; FUENTE, Raquel N. La; CANDIDO, Georgia O.; SOUZA, Pamella R. M.; MEDEIROS, Alessandra; MADY, Charles; SALEMI, Vera M. C.Background: Sympathetic hyperactivity may be related to left ventricular (LV) dysfunction and baro- and chemoreflex impairment in hypertension. However, cardiac function, regarding the association of hypertension and baroreflex dysfunction, has not been previously evaluated by transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) using intracardiac echocardiographic catheter. Methods and Results: We evaluated exercise tests, baroreflex sensitivity and cardiovascular autonomic control, cardiac function, and biventricular invasive pressures in rats 10 weeks after sinoaortic denervation (SAD). The rats (n = 32) were divided into 4 groups: 16 Wistar (W) with (n = 8) or without SAD (n = 8) and 16 spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) with (n = 8) or without SAD (SHRSAD) (n = 8). Blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) did not change between the groups with or without SAD; however, compared to W, SHR groups had higher BP levels and BP variability was increased. Exercise testing showed that SHR had better functional capacity compared to SAD and SHRSAD. Echocardiography showed left ventricular (LV) concentric hypertrophy; segmental systolic and diastolic biventricular dysfunction; indirect signals of pulmonary arterial hypertension, mostly evident in SHRSAD. The end-diastolic right ventricular (RV) pressure increased in all groups compared to W, and the end-diastolic LV pressure increased in SHR and SHRSAD groups compared to W, and in SHRSAD compared to SAD. Conclusions: Our results suggest that baroreflex dysfunction impairs cardiac function, and increases pulmonary artery pressure, supporting a role for baroreflex dysfunction in the pathogenesis of hypertensive cardiac disease. Moreover, TEE is a useful and feasible noninvasive technique that allows the assessment of cardiac function, particularly RV indices in this model of cardiac disease.