GABRIEL OKAWA BELIZARIO
Projetos de Pesquisa
Unidades Organizacionais
LIM/21 - Laboratório de Neuroimagem em Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina
4 resultados
Resultados de Busca
Agora exibindo 1 - 4 de 4
- Facial Emotion Recognition in Maltreated Children: A Systematic Review(2020) ASSED, Mariana Medeiros; KHAFIF, Tatiana Cohab; BELIZARIO, Gabriel Okawa; FATORELLI, Raquel; ROCCA, Cristiana Castanho de Ameida; SERAFIM, Antonio de PaduaObjectives We systematically reviewed controlled studies published in the last 16 years about emotion recognition deficits in maltreated children. Methods A bibliographical research of controlled studies, including only studies with samples larger than 10 participants, from 1998 to 2017, was conducted on Medline, Lilacs, PubMed and ISI. A total of 31 articles were included in this review. Results Abused children have a recognition bias for negative expressions, especially fear and anger. This increased perception tends to impair interpersonal relationships throughout their development. However, it appears as a matter of necessity, related to survival in a hostile environment. Moreover, neglected children have a shorter reaction time for recognition of negative facial expressions. Thus, the consequence of this deficit generates losses, such as the difficulty of ability to perceive a situation that puts them at risk. Conclusions Children victims of severe domestic violence, as well as those who have been sexually abused and neglected, experience a learning situation regarding past experiences. The losses appear both in abnormal anatomical brain and physiological formations, as well as psychological and behavioral changes that impact the lives of these individuals. These changes are associated to changes mainly in circuits related to the prefrontal cortex and limbic regions, which are responsible for regulating the reaction to a threat. Future studies should develop programs, focusing not only in the prevention of adverse family environments and domestic violence, but also in helping these children improve psychosocial adaptation.
- Longitudinal Neuropsychological Assessment in Two Elderly Adults With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Case Report(2019) KLEIN, Margarete; SILVA, Maria Aparecida; BELIZARIO, Gabriel Okawa; ROCCA, Cristiana Castanho de Almeida; SERAFIM, Antonio De Padua; LOUZA, Mario R.The neuropsychological deficits in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) may present clinical features similar to mild and/or major neurocognitive disorder and may act as a confounding factor, making it difficult to detect cognitive decline. In this paper, we present the results of longitudinal neuropsychological evaluations in two elderly women with ADHD. Three neuropsychological assessments were performed in two women with ADHD (60 and 77 years old) between 2010 and 2013 at intervals varying from 12 to 15 months. We used structural magnetic resonance imaging to rule out significant abnormalities that could account for cognitive impairment. The results showed two different cognitive profiles with fluctuations in performance over these 2 years, sometimes with improvement and sometimes with decline of some functions such as attention, memory, inhibitory control, and reaction time. To minimize confounding aspects of these fluctuations in clinical practice, we used a longer follow-up with the application of a reliable change index and a minimum of three spaced assessments to provide a more consistent baseline cognitive profile. Our findings did not indicate a consistent cognitive decline, suggesting a less pessimistic perspective about cognitive impairments that could be a prodrome of ADHD-related dementia.
- Impaired social cognition in bipolar disorder: A meta-analysis of Theory of Mind in euthymic patients(2020) ROTENBERG, Luisa de Siqueira; BERALDI, Gabriel Henrique; BELIZARIO, Gabriel Okawa; LAFER, BenyObjective: To conduct a meta-analysis of Theory of Mind studies exclusively in euthymic patients with bipolar disorder. Method: After the exclusion of studies evaluating symptomatic patients during acute episodes, we performed a meta-analysis including a total of 30 studies, comparing 1294 euthymic bipolar disorder patients and 1116 healthy controls. Results: Patients with bipolar disorder presented a significant impairment in Theory of Mind performance when compared to controls (Hedge's g = -0.589, 95% confidence interval: -0.764 to -0.414, Z = -6.594, p < 0.001). When compared to controls, Theory of Mind was impaired in patients with both bipolar disorder I (Hedge's g = -0.663, 95% confidence interval: -0.954 to -0.372, Z = -4.462, p < 0.001) and bipolar disorder II (Hedge's g = -1.165, 95% confidence interval: -1.915 to -0.415, Z = -3.044, p = 0.002). Theory of Mind impairments were also significantly more severe in verbal tasks (Hedge's g = -1.077, 95% confidence interval: -1.610 to -0.544, Z = -3.961 p < 0.001) than visual tasks (Hedge's g =-0.614, 95% confidence interval: -0.844 to -0.384, Z = -5.231, p < 0.001) when compared to controls. Conclusion: The results obtained confirm that Theory of Mind is impaired in remitted bipolar disorder patients, being a potential endophenotype for bipolar disorder. Moreover, we found higher deficits in verbal Theory of Mind, compared with visual Theory of Mind. Since most studies were cross-sectional, there is a need for longitudinal studies to evaluate whether the deficits detected in Theory of Mind are progressive over the course of the illness.
- Self-regulation in youth with bipolar disorder(2023) KHAFIF, Tatiana Cohab; KLEINMAN, Ana; ROCCA, Cristiana Castanho de Almeida; BELIZARIO, Gabriel Okawa; NADER, Edmir; CAETANO, Sheila C.; LAFER, BenyObjectives: To examine the composition of self-regulation in pediatric bipolar disorder (PBD) through the relationship between executive functions, emotion processing, and family environmental factors. Methods: 58 participants (36 with PBD and 22 controls), ages 12-17, were assessed using the Emotion Recognition Test (PENNCNB ER-40), and Expressed Emotion Adjective Checklist Results: Adolescents with PBD displayed significant deficits in all three spheres when compared to the control group. Emotion processing correlated negatively with inhibition and attention, and correlated positively with mental flexibility/working memory. Family environmental factors correlated negatively with mental flexibility/working memory and emotion processing, and positively with attention and inhibition. These correlations indicate that better inhibitory control, attention, and mental flexibility/ working memory are associated with greater emotion processing and a fitter family environment. Conclusion: This study is the first to investigate all of the components of self-regulation deficits simultaneously in patients with PBD. Results suggest that self-regulation is essential for a comprehensive perspective of PBD and should be assessed in an integrative and multifaceted way. Understanding that self-regulation is impacted by the abovementioned factors should influence treatment and improve the functional impairments of daily life observed in this population.