Prevalence and correlates of cannabis use among athletesA systematic review

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art_BRISOLA-SANTOS_Prevalence_and_correlates_of_cannabis_use_among_athletesA_2016.PDF (163.78 KB)
Citações na Scopus
46
Tipo de produção
article
Data de publicação
2016
DOI
Scopus
Web of Science
PubMed
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título do Volume
Editora
WILEY-BLACKWELL
Autores
BRISOLA-SANTOS, Maria Beatriz
GALLINARO, Joao Guilherme de Mello e
GIL, Felipe
MARIN, Matheus Cheibub David
RICHTER, Kimber Paschall
GLICK, Ira David
Citação
AMERICAN JOURNAL ON ADDICTIONS, v.25, n.7, p.518-528, 2016
Projetos de Pesquisa
Unidades Organizacionais
Fascículo
Resumo
Background and ObjectivesDespite scientific evidence that marijuana impairs performance and mental health, there is evidence that some athletes are at higher risk for use. This review aims to identify possible risk factors associated with marijuana use in athletes. MethodsA search was conducted in the PubMed database with the keywords: (marijuana OR cannabis OR tetrahydrocannabinol OR delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol OR THC) AND (sports OR sport OR athlete OR athletes). We retrieved 186 studies. After applying the inclusion/exclusion criteria, 15 studies remained for review. ResultsThe review revealed a number of potential risk factors for marijuana use among adult athletes, including being male, Caucasian, using sport performance-enhancing drugs, using marijuana to enhance recreation or non-sport performance, and practicing specific types of sports including skeleton, bobsleding, and ice hockey. Contrary to use patterns in the general population, among athletes marijuana appears to take the place of tobacco as the second most widely used drug, after alcohol. Many elite athletes denied the use of marijuana, which suggests that toxicological testing is an important tool for identifying users, because it is more accurate than self-report. Geography appears important, as in areas of high consumption, prevalence among athletes appears to be greater as well. Conclusion and Scientific SignificanceContrary to the image that athletes do not use psychoactive drugs, this review suggests that a number of athletic subgroups are at increased risk for marijuana use. Surprisingly, a common rationale for use appears to be to enhance sports performance. As in the general population, experimentation starts earlyin pre-adolescenceat an age that prevention and guidance programs could have positive influences. (Am J Addict 2016;25:518-528)
Palavras-chave
URI
https://observatorio.fm.usp.br/handle/OPI/17168
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Coleções
Artigos e Materiais de Revistas Científicas - FM/MPS
Artigos e Materiais de Revistas Científicas - HC/IPq