MARIA ALVIM LEITE
Projetos de Pesquisa
Unidades Organizacionais
LIM/38 - Laboratório de Epidemiologia e Imunobiologia, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina
8 resultados
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Agora exibindo 1 - 8 de 8
- Changes in dietary markers during the covid-19 pandemic in Brazil(2023) ANDRADE, Giovanna Calixto; LEVY, Renata Bertazzi; LEITE, Maria Alvim; RAUBER, Fernanda; CLARO, Rafael Moreira; COUTINHO, Janine Giuberti; MAIS, Lais AmaralOBJECTIVE: Evaluate changes in the Brazilian population's diet and its determinants during the covid-19 pandemic.METHODS: We used diet data collected by the Datafolha Institute in 2019 (n = 1,384), 2020 (n =1,214), and 2021 (n = 1,459) from independent and representative samples of the adult population (aged 18 to 55 years) from all socioeconomic classes and geographic regions of Brazil. Food consumption was measured by checking the consumption of 22 sets of food on the day before the survey. The third cycle also included questions about changes in eating habits during the pandemic. We estimated the prevalence of consumption of the food sets in each cycle of the survey and used statistical tests for comparisons of proportions between the three cycles.RESULTS: Between 2019 and 2020, we observed a significant increase in the consumption of cereals, milk, packaged snacks or salty cookies, and industrialized sauces, as opposed to a decrease in the consumption of eggs. Between 2019 and 2021 and between 2020 and 2021, on the other hand, there was a significant decrease in the consumption of cereals, vegetables, fruits, and industrialized fruit juices and an increase in the consumption of soda, sweets, cookies, sausages, industrialized sauces, and ready meals. When asked about the main changes in the purchase and preparation of meals, 46.3% of the respondents reported consuming more food prepared at home during the pandemic. Regarding changes in eating habits, 48.6% of the respondents reported a change in their eating habits during the pandemic. The main reasons for such changes were greater concern with health (39.1%) and self-reported decreased family income (30.2%).CONCLUSIONS: The covid-19 pandemic had a negative impact on the diet of the population, and increased consumption of ultra-processed foods was reported for that period.
- Malnutrition in mother-child dyads in the Brazilian National Survey on Child Nutrition (ENANI-2019)(2023) FARIAS, Dayana Rodrigues; ANJOS, Luiz Antonio dos; FREITAS, Maiara Brusco de; BERTI, Talita Lelis; ANDRADE, Pedro Gomes; ALVES-SANTOS, Nadya Helena; LEITE, Maria Alvim; RAYMUNDO, Carlos Eduardo; LACERDA, Elisa Maria de Aquino; BOCCOLINI, Cristiano Siqueira; CASTRO, Ines Rugani Ribeiro de; KAC, GilbertoMalnutrition affects billions of individuals worldwide and represents a global health challenge. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of malnutri-tion (undernutrition or overweight) among mother-child dyads in children under 5 years old in Brazil in 2019 and to estimate changes in this preva-lence from 2006 to 2019. Individual-level data from the Brazilian National Survey on Child Nutrition (ENANI-2019) and the Brazilian National Survey of Demography and Health of Women and Children carried out in 2006 (PNDS 2006) were analyzed. Malnutrition outcomes in mother-child dyads included overweight mother and child, undernourished mother and child, and the double burden of malnutrition, i.e., overweight mother and child having any form of undernourishment (stunting, wasting, or underweight). Prevalence and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were estimated. Most women (58.2%) and 9.7% of the children were overweight, 6.9% were stunted, and 3.1% of mothers and 2.9% of the children were underweight. The preva-lence of overweight in the mother-child dyad was 7.8% and was statistically higher in Southern Brazil (9.7%; 95%CI: 7.5; 11.9) than in the Central-West (5.4%; 95%CI: 4.3; 6.6). The prevalence of overweight mother and stunted child was 3.5%, with statistically significant difference between the extremes of the mother's education [0-7 vs. >= 12 years, 4.8% (95%CI: 3.2; 6.5) and 2.1%, (95%CI: 1.2; 3.0), respectively]. Overweight in the dyad increased from 5.2% to 7.8%, and the double burden of malnutrition increased from 2.7% to 5.2% since 2006. Malnutrition in Brazilian mother-child dyads seems to be a grow-ing problem, and dyads with lower formal education, higher maternal age, and from the South Region of Brazil were more vulnerable.
- Editorial: Ultra-processed foods and human and planetary health(2023) CEDIEL, Gustavo; MENDONCA, Raquel de Deus; MEIRELES, Adriana Lucia; LEITE, Maria Alvim; GOMBI-VACA, Maria F.; RAUBER, Fernanda
- Adequacy of the content on infant feeding on popular websites regarding the recommendations of the Dietary Guidelines for Brazilian children under 2 years of age(2022) SANTOS, Adriana de Almeida; SILVA, Evelyn Oliveira da; GABE, Kamila Tiemann; LEITE, Maria AlvimAbstract Objectives: to verify the adequacy of recommendations on food and nutrition for infants available on popular websites in relation to the “Twelve Steps for a Healthy Diet” from the Dietary guidelines for Brazilian children under 2 years of age. Methods: popular websites were searched via the Google platform to collect data about food recommendations for children under 2 years of age. The data was categorized according to criteria developed with the Guide: totally agree, partially agree, disagree, contradictory and absent. The websites were described according to the frequency of each step and the distribution in the categories. Results: 82 websites were included. Most frequent steps: 1 (84.1%), 2 (82.9%) and 4 (63.4%); least present: 8 (23.2%), 10 (19.5%), 11 (3.7%) and 12 (1.2%). The highest percentages of adequacy in relation to the Guide were steps 1 and 4 with 46.4% and 53.8%, respectively. Steps 3 (37.9%) and 7 (75.0%) had the highest percentages of disagreement or contradiction. Conclusions: there is proper information on the internet, however, these are mixed with missing, in disagreement, partially in agreement or contradictory information, which reinforces the importance of disseminating the recommendations of the Guide
- Relationship between polyvictimization and overweight among adolescents from Sao Paulo city, Brazil(2023) MARQUES, Emanuele Souza; FAUS, Daniela Porto; LEVY, Renata Bertazzi; LEITE, Maria Alvim; EISNER, Manuel P.; PERES, Maria Fernanda TourinhoThis study is to identify victimization patterns and analyze the association between the experience of poly -victimization and overweight or obesity among adolescent girls and boys. The sample consisted of 2680 Brazilian ninth-graders enrolled in public and private schools, taken from the Sa similar to o Paulo Project for the social development of children and adolescents (SP-PROSO). Victimization was explored in two ways: (i) as per Finkelhor and (ii) by latent class analysis (LCA). The interest outcomes were overweight and obesity. Multinomial logistic regression models were used to study the relationship between victimization and overweight or obesity, controlling for confounders. LCA grouped boys and girls adolescents into three classes. These classes received the same labels, but the patterns differed between sexes. Class 1 was characterized by fewer types of victimization suffered and lower endorsement values in the analyzed items and was named bullying and indirect victimization (9: 42.7%, n = 546; male: 21.6%, n = 293). Class 2 included more victimization types than Class 1 and less than Class 3. This class was labeled family violence and peer victimization (9: 29.1%, n = 356; male: 47.9%, n = 652). Class 3 was named high polyvictimization (9: 28.2%, n = 345; male: 30.5%, n = 418). According to Finkelhor, polyvictimization was not associated with overweight or obesity in both sexes. Only the class of high polyvictimization was associated with being overweight (ORadj: 1.60, 95%CI: 1.01-2.54) in girls. In this study, polyvictimization was associated with being overweight only among adolescent girls. Longitudinal studies in different contexts and populations are needed to understand this relationship.
- Food environment near schools in the largest Brazilian metropolis: analyses and contributions based on census data(2023) LEITE, Maria Alvim; BARATA, Mayra Figueiredo; LEVY, Renata BertazziWe aimed to investigate and compare the distribution of establishments that sell food near municipal, state, and private schools in the municipality of Sao Paulo, Brazil. This cross-sectional, exploratory, and census study was conducted in 3,121 schools. Circular buffers were traced around schools and concentrations or dispersions of food stores (in absolute numbers and densities) were analyzed. A p-trend was calculated to analyze how food stores density behaved as the buffer radius distance increased. Stratified regression models were built to analyze the characteristics of the food environment. Snack bars and street vendors are the most common types of establishments surrounding schools. Some categories of food stores are concentrated (such as candy stores around municipal and private schools, mini markets around municipal schools, and snack bars around private schools), whereas others (such as super and hypermarkets and fruit and vegetable stores) are dispersed around public schools. The food environment around schools shows differences regarding the instance that administers them and private schools have more food stores around them. Poor-quality food environment around schools exposes students to risk factors regarding excessive unhealthy food consumption.
- Nova diet quality scores and risk of weight gain in the NutriNet-Brasil cohort study(2023) SANTOS, Francine Silva dos; STEELE, Euridice Martinez; COSTA, Caroline dos Santos; GABE, Kamila Tiemman; LEITE, Maria Alvim; CLARO, Rafael Moreira; TOUVIER, Mathilde; SROUR, Bernard; LOUZADA, Maria Laura da Costa; LEVY, Renata Bertazzi; MONTEIRO, Carlos AugustoObjective:To assess the prospective association of two diet quality scores based on the Nova food classification with BMI gain. Design:The NutriNet-Brasil cohort is an ongoing web-based prospective study with continuous recruitment of participants aged & GE; 18 years since January 2020. A short 24-h dietary recall screener including 'yes/no' questions about the consumption of whole plant foods (WPF) and ultra-processed foods (UPF) was completed by participants at baseline. The Nova-WPF and the Nova-UPF scores were computed by adding up positive responses regarding the consumption of thirty-three varieties of WPF and twenty-three varieties of UPF, respectively. Participants reported their height at baseline and their weight at both baseline and after approximately 15 months of follow-up. A 15-month BMI (kg/m(2)) increase of & GE;5 % was coded as BMI gain. Setting:Brazil. Participants:9551 participants from the NutriNet-Brasil cohort. Results:Increasing quintiles of the Nova-UPF score were linearly associated with higher risk of BMI gain (relative risk Q5/Q1 = 1 & BULL;34; 95 % CI 1 & BULL;15, 1 & BULL;56), whereas increasing quintiles of the Nova-WPF score were linearly associated with lower risk (relative risk Q5/Q1 = 0 & BULL;80; 95 % CI 0 & BULL;69, 0 & BULL;94). We identified a moderate inverse correlation between the two scores (-0 & BULL;33) and a partial mediating effect of the alternative score: 15 % for the total effect of the Nova-UPF score and 25 % for the total effect of the Nova-WPF score. Conclusions:The Nova-UPF and Nova-WPF scores are independently associated with mid-term BMI gain further justifying their use in diet quality monitoring systems.
- How and why ultra-processed foods harm human health(2024) LEVY, Renata Bertazzi; BARATA, Mayra Figueiredo; LEITE, Maria Alvim; ANDRADE, Giovanna CalixtoThe analysis of food using a perspective centred on nutrients seems inadequate for understanding the dietary transition and its impact on the growth of obesity and chronic diseases. Industrial food processing is now proposed as the key to explain the relationship between food and health. The NOVA food classification considers the degree and the purpose of food processing, which includes physical, biological and chemical processes used after foods are separated from nature, and before being consumed or prepared as dishes and meals. NOVA has four food groups: (1) unprocessed and minimally processed foods; (2) processed culinary ingredients; (3) processed foods and (4) ultra-processed foods, which are formulations made mostly or entirely from substances derived from group 1 foods and additives, with little if any intact group 1 food. Many investigations linking high ultra-processed food consumption with deterioration of diets and adverse health outcomes are reinforced by prospective studies, systematic reviews and meta-analyses. There are various plausible explanations of why diets high in ultra-processed foods are harmful. Their production and consumption continue to rise worldwide. Efficient and effective public policies and actions that reduce production and consumption of ultra-processed products are needed, to protect human health now and in future.