JOSE MARA DE BRITO
Projetos de Pesquisa
Unidades Organizacionais
LIM/05 - Laboratório de Poluição Atmosférica Experimental, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina
5 resultados
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Agora exibindo 1 - 5 de 5
- Exercise Performed Concomitantly with Particulate Matter Exposure Inhibits Lung Injury(2018) SILVA-RENNO, Adriano; BALDIVIA, Guilherme Crisitanini; OLIVEIRA-JUNIOR, Manoel C.; BRANDAO-RANGEL, Maysa Alves Rodrigues; EL-MAFARJEH, Elias; DOLHNIKOFF, Marisa; MAUAD, Thais; BRITTO, Jose Mara; SALDIVA, Paulo Hilario Nascimento; OLIVEIRA, Luis Vicente Franco; LIGEIRO-OLIVEIRA, Ana P.; GRAUDENZ, Gustavo Silveira; VIEIRA, Rodolfo PaulaAir pollution is a growing problem worldwide, inducing and exacerbating several diseases. Among the several components of air pollutants, particulate matter (PM), especially thick (10-2.5 mu m; PM 10) and thin (2.5 mu m; PM 2.5), are breathable particles that easily can be deposited within the lungs, resulting in pulmonary and systemic inflammation. Although physical activity is strongly recommended, its effects when practiced in polluted environments are questionable. Therefore, the present study evaluated the pulmonary and systemic response of concomitant treadmill training with PM 2.5 and PM 10 exposure. Treadmill training inhibited PM 2.5- and PM 10-induced accumulation of total leukocytes (p<0.001), neutrophils (p<0.001), macrophages (p<0.001) and lymphocytes (p<0.001) in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), as well as the BAL levels of IL-1beta (p<0.001), CXCL1/KC (p<0.001) and TNF-alpha (p<0.001), whereas it increased IL-10 levels (p<0.05). Similar effects were observed on accumulation of polymorphonuclear (p<0.01) and mononuclear (p<0.01) cells in the lung parenchyma and in the peribronchial space. Treadmill training also inhibited PM 2.5- and PM 10-induced systemic inflammation, as observed in the number of total leukocytes (p<0.001) and in the plasma levels of IL-1beta (p<0.001), CXCL1/KC (p<0.001) and TNF-alpha (p<0.001), whereas it increased IL-10 levels (p<0.001). Treadmill training inhibits lung and systemic inflammation induced by particulate matter.
- Inflammatory and functional responses after (bio)diesel exhaust exposure in allergic sensitized mice. A comparison between diesel and biodiesel(2019) TIMMERMAN, Tirza; BRITO, Jose Mara de; ALMEIDA, Natalia Madureira de; ALMEIDA, Francine Maria de; ARANTES-COSTA, Fernanda Magalhaes; GUIMARAES, Eliane Tigre; LICHTENFELS, Ana Julia Faria Coimbra; RIVERO, Dolores Helena Rodriguez Ferreira; OLIVEIRA, Regiani Carvalho de; LACERDA, Joao Paulo Amorim de; MORAES, Jamille Moreira; PIMENTAL, Danilo Augusto; SARAIVA-ROMANHOLO, Beatriz Mangueira; SALDIVA, Paulo Hilario Nascimento; VIEIRA, Rodolfo de Paula; MAUAD, ThaisMany cities fail to meet air quality standards, which results in increased risk for pulmonary disorders, including asthma. Human and experimental studies have shown that diesel exhaust (DE) particles are associated with worsening of allergic asthma. Biodiesel (BD), a cleaner fuel from renewable sources, was introduced in the eighties. Because of the reduction in particulate matter (PM) emissions, BD was expected to cause fewer adverse pulmonary effects. However, only limited data on the effect of BD emissions in asthma are available. Objective: Determine whether BD exhaust exposure in allergic sensitized mice leads to different effects on inflammatory and functional responses compared to DE exposure. Methods: Balb/C mice were orotracheally sensitized with House Dust Mite (HDM) or a saline solution with 3 weekly instillations. From day 9 until day 17 after sensitization, they were exposed daily to filtered air (FA), DE and BD exhaust (concentration: 600 mu g/m(3) PM2.5). Lung function, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) cell counts, cytokine levels (IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-17, TNF-alpha, TSLP) in the BALF, peribronchiolar eosinophils and parenchymal macrophages were measured. Results: HDM-sensitized animals presented increased lung elastance (p = 0.046), IgG1 serum levels (p = 0.029), peribronchiolar eosinophils (p = 0.028), BALF levels of total cells (p = 0.020), eosinophils (p = 0.028), IL-5 levels (p = 0.002) and TSLP levels (p = 0.046) in BALF. DE exposure alone increased lung elastance (p = 0.000) and BALF IL-4 levels (p = 0.045), whereas BD exposure alone increased BALF TSLP levels (p = 0.004). BD exposure did not influence any parameters after HDM challenge, while DE exposed animals presented increased BALF levels of total cells (p = 0.019), lymphocytes (p = 0.000), neutrophils (p = 0.040), macrophages (p = 0.034), BALF IL-4 levels (p = 0.028), and macrophagic inflammation in the lung tissue (p = 0.037), as well as decreased IgG1 (p = 0.046) and lgG2 (p = 0.043) levels when compared to the HDM group. Conclusion: The results indicate more adverse pulmonary effects of DE compared to BD exposure in allergic sensitized animals.
- Chronic exposure of diesel exhaust particles induces alveolar enlargement in mice(2015) YOSHIZAKI, Kelly; BRITO, Jose Mara; MORIYA, Henrique T.; TOLEDO, Alessandra C.; FERZILAN, Sandra; OLIVEIRA, Ana Paula Ligeiro de; MACHADO, Isabel D.; FARSKY, Sandra H. P.; SILVA, Luiz F. F.; MARTINS, Milton A.; SALDIVA, Paulo H. N.; MAUAD, Thais; MACCHIONE, MariangelaBackground: Diesel exhaust particles (DEPs) are deposited into the respiratory tract and are thought to be a risk factor for the development of diseases of the respiratory system. In healthy individuals, the timing and mechanisms of respiratory tract injuries caused by chronic exposure to air pollution remain to be clarified. Methods: We evaluated the effects of chronic exposure to DEP at doses below those found in a typical bus corridor in Sao Paulo (150 mu g/m(3)). Male BALB/c mice were divided into mice receiving a nasal instillation: saline (saline; n = 30) and 30 mu g/10 mu L of DEP (DEP; n = 30). Nasal instillations were performed five days a week, over a period of 90 days. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was performed, and the concentrations of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-10, IL-13 and interferon-gamma (INF-gamma) were determined by ELISA-immunoassay. Assessment of respiratory mechanics was performed. The gene expression of Muc5ac in lung was evaluated by RT-PCR. The presence of IL-13, MAC2+ macrophages, CD3+, CD4+, CD8+ T cells and CD20+ B cells in tissues was analysed by immunohistochemistry. Bronchial thickness and the collagen/elastic fibers density were evaluated by morphometry. We measured the mean linear intercept (Lm), a measure of alveolar distension, and the mean airspace diameter (D0) and statistical distribution (D2). Results: DEP decreased IFN-gamma levels in BAL (p = 0.03), but did not significantly alter IL-4, IL-10 and IL-13 levels. MAC2+ macrophage, CD4+ T cell and CD20+ B cell numbers were not altered; however, numbers of CD3+ T cells (p <= 0.001) and CD8+ T cells (p <= 0.001) increased in the parenchyma. Although IL-13 (p = 0.008) expression decreased in the bronchiolar epithelium, Muc5ac gene expression was not altered in the lung of DEP-exposed animals. Although respiratory mechanics, elastic and collagen density were not modified, the mean linear intercept (Lm) was increased in the DEP-exposed animals (p <= 0.001), and the index D2 was statistically different (p = 0.038) from the control animals. Conclusion: Our data suggest that nasal instillation of low doses of DEP over a period of 90 days results in alveolar enlargement in the pulmonary parenchyma of healthy mice.
- The effects of particulate matter on inflammation of respiratory system: Differences between male and female(2017) YOSHIZAKI, Kelly; BRITO, Jose Mara; SILVA, Luiz Fernando; LINO-DOS-SANTOS-FRANCO, Adriana; FRIAS, Daniela Perroni; SILVA, Renata Calciolari Rossi e; AMATO-LOURENCO, Luis Fernando; SALDIVA, Paulo Hilario Nascimento; TIBERIO, Iolanda de Fatima Lopes Calvo; MAUAD, Thais; MACCHIONE, MariangelaAir pollution is known to exacerbate respiratory diseases and epidemiological studies have shown that women present more chronic respiratory symptoms than man exposed to traffic pollution, however, the reason why is unclear. This study evaluated the inflammatory differences in BALB/c mouse males (n = 34) and females (n = 111) in three phases of the estrous cycle that were exposed to ambient air (AA) or concentrated ambient particles (CAPs). Tracheal hyperreactivity to methacholine, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and immunohistochemical of airways and lung parenchyma were studied. Hyperreactivity increased in CAPs-exposed female mice compared with AA-exposed mice in estrus (p < 0.05) and proestrus phases (p < 0.05) and decreased in CAPs-exposed males compared with those exposed to AA (p < 0.05). Males had increased numbers of total cells (p = 0.037) and macrophages (p = 0.028) compared to females. BALF levels of cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2) (p = 0.000), transforming growth factor alpha (TGF-alpha) (p = 0.001) and IL-8 receptor alpha (IL-8R alpha) (p = 0.014) were increased in males compared with proestrus, estrus and diestrus females, independent of exposure. Proestrus females exhibited significantly higher cadherin expression in lung parenchyma than did males (p = 0.005). CAPs exposure increased matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) (p = 0.024) and isoprostane (p = 0.003) expression in the airways of both, males and females. The level of substance P (SP) (p = 0.001) increased in lung parenchyma in males compared with females, while IL-17 levels in airways (p = 0.042) and in lung parenchyma (p = 0.008) increased in females. MMP-9 levels (p = 0.024) were significantly lower in the lung parenchyma of CAPs-exposed females. TGF-alpha (p = 0.007) levels increased in the lung parenchyma of CAPs-exposed females compared to AA-exposed females. These results suggest that inflammatory markers differentially expressed in male mice were mostly linked to acute inflammation (IL-1 beta, IL-8R alpha, COX-2), whereas in females, markers that may lead to a chronic inflammatory process such as IL-17 and remodeling (MMP-9) were increased.
- Acute cardiopulmonary effects induced by the inhalation of concentrated ambient particles during seasonal variation in the city of Sao Paulo(2014) BRITO, Jose Mara de; MACCHIONE, Mariangela; YOSHIZAKI, Kelly; TOLEDO-ARRUDA, Alessandra Choqueta; SARAIVA-ROMANHOLO, Beatriz Mangueira; ANDRADE, Maria de Fatima; MAUAD, Thais; RIVERO, Dolores Helena Rodriguez Ferreira; SALDIVA, Paulo Hilario NascimentoAmbient particles may undergo modifications to their chemical composition as a consequence of climatic variability. The determination of whether these changes modify the toxicity of the particles is important for the understanding of the health effects associated with particle exposure. The objectives were to determine whether low levels of particles promote cardiopulmonary effects, and to assess if the observed alterations are influenced by season. Mice were exposed to 200 mu g/m(3) concentrated ambient particles (CAPs) and filtered air (FA) in cold/dry and warm/humid periods. Lung hyperresponsiveness, heart rate, heart rate variability, and blood pressure were evaluated 30 min after each exposure. After 24 h, blood and tissue samples were collected. During both periods (warm/humid and cold/dry), CAPs induced alterations in red blood cells and lung inflammation. During the cold/dry period, CAPs reduced the mean corpuscular volume levels and increased erythrocytes, hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, and red cell distribution width coefficient variation levels compared with the FA group. Similarly, CAPs during the warm/humid period decreased mean corpuscular volume levels and increased erythrocytes, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and red cell distribution width coefficient variation levels compared with the FA group. CAPs during the cold/dry period increased the influx of neutrophils in the alveolar parenchyma. Short-term exposure to low concentrations of CAPs elicited modest but significant pulmonary inflammation and, to a lesser extent, changes in blood parameters. In addition, our data support the concept that changes in climate conditions slightly modify particle toxicity because equivalent doses of CAPs in the cold/dry period produced a more exacerbated response.