NELSON DA CRUZ GOUVEIA
Projetos de Pesquisa
Unidades Organizacionais
Departamento de Medicina Preventiva, Faculdade de Medicina - Docente
LIM/39 - Laboratório de Processamento de Dados Biomédicos, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina - Líder
LIM/39 - Laboratório de Processamento de Dados Biomédicos, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina - Líder
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- Green Areas and PM2,5 exposure could be associated with Asthma and COPD?(2023) ALMEIDA, Francine Maria; MOREIRA, Tiana Carla Lopes; OLIVEIRA, Lucas Miranda; RIGHETTI, Renato Fraga; LOPES, Fernanda Degobbi Tenorio Quirino Santos; ALENCAR, Airlane P.; GOUVEIA, Nelson; MAUAD, Thais; LOTUFO, Paulo A.; BENSENOR, Isabela; SANTOS, Itamar Souza; TIBERIO, Iolanda Fatima Lopes Calvo
- Health Effects of Pesticide Exposure in Latin American and the Caribbean Populations: A Scoping Review (vol 130, 096002, 2022)(2023) ZUNIGA-VENEGAS, Liliana A.; HYLAND, Carly; MUNOZ-QUEZADA, Maria Teresa; QUIROS-ALCALA, Lesliam; BUTINOF, Mariana; BURALLI, Rafael; CARDENAS, Andres; FERNANDEZ, Ricardo A.; FOERSTER, Claudia; GOUVEIA, Nelson; JARA, Juan P. Gutierrez; LUCERO, Boris A.; MUNOZ, Maria Pia; RAMIREZ-SANTANA, Muriel; SMITH, Anna R.; TIRADO, Noemi; JOODE, Berna van Wendel de; CALAF, Gloria M.; HANDAL, Alexis J.; SILVA, Agnes Soares da; CORTES, Sandra; MORA, Ana M.
- Cyclist mortality in the municipality of Sao Paulo, Brazil: recent demographic characteristics and trends(2023) MASCOLLI, Maria Antonietta; FRANCA, Raony Ferreira; GOUVEIA, NelsonBicycles are a low cost and healthy means of transport, however accidents represent the negative downside. This study sought to describe the characteristics of cyclist deaths, their recent evolution, and the status of the cycle path structure in the city of Sao Paulo. It involved a descriptive study using information from the Mortality Information System (SIM-DATASUS) between 2000 and 2017. The relationship between the cyclist mortality rate and the cycling path network was evaluated using Pearson's correlation test. A comparison was made with bicycle journeys in the same period. The sociodemographic profile of deaths was compared with that of the general population. The mortality rate peaked at 7.91/million inhabitants in 2006 and decreased to 1.8/million in 2017; in this period, there was an increase in cycling journeys and in the cycle path structure. A negative correlation was observed between the mortality rate and the cycle path structure. The analysis of deaths indicates a predominantly male, white, young profile, with <= 7 years of schooling; 65% died in collisions with vehicles. There was a decrease in cyclist deaths in the city of Sao Paulo correlated with the increase in the bicycle path grid from 2008 onwards, in a scenario of increased demand for bicycle transport.
- The 2022 South America report of The Lancet Countdown on health and climate change: trust the science. Now that we know, we must act(2023) HARTINGER, Stella M.; YGLESIAS-GONZALEZ, Marisol; BLANCO-VILLAFUERTE, Luciana; PALMEIRO-SILVA, Yasna K.; LESCANO, Andres G.; STEWART-IBARRA, Anna; ROJAS-RUEDA, David; MELO, Oscar; TAKAHASHI, Bruno; BUSS, Daniel; CALLAGHAN, Max; CHESINI, Francisco; FLORES, Elaine C.; POSSE, Carolina Gil; GOUVEIA, Nelson; JANKIN, Slava; MIRANDA-CHACON, Zaray; MOHAJERI, Nahid; HELO, Juliana; ORTIZ, Laura; PANTOJA, Chrissie; SALAS, Maria Fernanda; SANTIAGO, Raquel; SERGEEVA, Milena; CAMARGO, Tatiana Souza de; VALDES-VELASQUEZ, Armando; WALAWENDER, Maria; ROMANELLO, Marina
- Greenness and excess deaths from heat in 323 Latin American cities: Do associations vary according to climate zone or green space configuration?(2023) SCHINASI, Leah H.; BAKHTSIYARAVA, Maryia; SANCHEZ, Brisa N.; KEPHART, Josiah L.; JU, Yang; ARUNACHALAM, Sarav; GOUVEIA, Nelson; CAIAFFA, Waleska Teixeira; O'NEILL, Marie S.; DRONOVA, Iryna; ROUX, Ana V. Diez; RODRIGUEZ, Daniel A.Green vegetation may protect against heat-related death by improving thermal comfort. Few studies have investigated associations of green vegetation with heat-related mortality in Latin America or whether associations are modified by the spatial configuration of green vegetation. We used data from 323 Latin American cities and meta-regression models to estimate associations between city-level greenness, quantified using populationweighted normalized difference vegetation index values and modeled as three-level categorical terms, and excess deaths from heat (heat excess death fractions [heat EDFs]). Models were adjusted for city-level fine particulate matter concentration (PM2.5), social environment, and country group. In addition to estimating overall associations, we derived estimates of association stratified by green space clustering by including an interaction term between a green space clustering measure (dichotomized at the median of the distribution) and the three-level greenness variable. We stratified analyses by climate zone (arid vs. temperate and tropical combined). Among the 79 arid climate zone cities, those with moderate and high greenness levels had modestly lower heat EDFs compared to cities with the lowest greenness, although protective associations were more substantial in cities with moderate versus high greenness levels and confidence intervals (CI) crossed the null (Beta: -0.41, 95% CI: -1.06, 0.25; Beta -0.23, 95% CI: -0.95, 0.49, respectively). In 244 non-arid climate zone cities, associations were approximately null. We did not observe evidence of effect modification by green space clustering. Our results suggest that greenness may offer modest protection against heat-related mortality in arid climate zone Latin American cities.
- Corresponding author at: .(2023) DELCLOS-ALIO, Xavier; KANAI, Claudio; SORIANO, Lucas; QUISTBERG, D. Alex; JU, Yang; DRONOVA, Iryna; GOUVEIA, Nelson; RODRIGUEZ, Daniel A.Car use creates significant externalities for urban residents worldwide. City characteristics such as the configuration of the urban landscape and street network likely influence the use and attractiveness of automobiles, especially in rapidly urbanizing areas such as Latin America. The understanding of factors associated with motorization can inform planning measures to reduce car usage, and to promote healthier, safer, and more sustainable urban lifestyles. We harmonized official passenger vehicle data from 300 cities with >100,000 inhabitants in Brazil, Chile, Colombia, and Mexico, and we calculated urban landscape metrics from satellite imagery and street network metrics from OpenStreetMaps. Analyzed cities had an average of 273.3 cars per 1,000 residents in 2015 and showed an average car rate increase of 30 % between 2010 and 2015. We used negative binomial regression to examine the association between car rates and urban landscape and street network characteristics, and linear regression to examine the association between the same characteristics and car rate increases. Car rates in the 300 cities analyzed showed a partial positive association with development fragmentation, and a consistent positive association with urban form complexity and circuity of the street network. In addition, the increase in car rates between 2010 and 2015 showed a negative association with population density. Implementing regional policies to reduce development fragmentation, to promote compact urban forms and less circuitous street networks may help reducing motorization in Latin American cities. Special attention needs to be paid to low density areas, where the increase in vehicle rates has been more pronounced.
- Spatial data collection and qualification methods for urban parks in Brazilian capitals: An innovative roadmap(2023) SLOVIC, Anne Dorothee; KANAI, Claudio; SALES, Denise Marques; ROCHA, Solimar Carnavalli; ANDRADE, Amanda Cristina de Souza; MARTINS, Lucas Soriano; COELHO, Debora Morais; FREITAS, Anderson; MORAN, Mika; MASCOLLI, Maria Antonietta; CAIAFFA, Waleska Teixeira; GOUVEIA, NelsonUrban parks have been studied for their effects on health and the environment. Accessing park data from reliable and comparable sources remains challenging, reinforcing the importance of standardized search tools, notably in Latin America. We designed a systematized methodology to identify processes of accessing, collecting, verifying, and harmonizing urban park spatial data in all Brazilian capitals included in the Urban Health in Latin America (SALURBAL) project. We developed a research protocol using official and non-official sources combining the results of Google Maps (GMaps) points and OpenStreetMap (OSM) polygons-GMaps-OSM. Descriptive analyses included the frequency of the distribution of parks before and after harmonization stratified by data source. We used the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) to assess agreement in the area between official and GMaps-OSM data. Official data were obtained for 16 cities; for the remaining 11 capitals, we used GMaps-OSM. After verification and harmonization, 302 urban parks were obtained from official data and 128 from GMaps-OSM. In a sub-study of the 16 cities with official data (n = 302 parks), we simulated a collection of non-official data using GMaps-OSM and OSM only. From GMaps-OSM, we obtained 142 parks, and from OSM, 230 parks. Statistical analysis showed a better agreement between official data and OSM. After completing verification and harmonization, the complete dataset (official and GMaps-OSM) included 430 urban parks with a total area of 145.14 km(2). The mean number of parks across cities was 16, with a mean size area of 0.33 km(2). The median number of parks was nine, with a median area of 0.07 km(2). This study highlights the importance of creating mechanisms to access, collect, harmonize, and verify urban park data, which is essential for examining the impact of parks on health. It also stresses the importance of providing reliable urban park spatial data for city officials.
- Modification of temperature-related human mortality by area-level socioeconomic and demographic characteristics in Latin American cities(2023) BAKHTSIYARAVA, Maryia; SCHINASI, Leah H.; SANCHEZ, Brisa N.; DRONOVA, Iryna; KEPHART, Josiah L.; JU, Yang; GOUVEIA, Nelson; CAIAFFA, Waleska Teixeira; O'NEILL, Marie S.; YAMADA, Goro; ARUNACHALAM, Sarav; DIEZ-ROUX, Ana V.; RODRIGUEZ, Daniel A.Background: In Latin America, where climate change and rapid urbanization converge, non-optimal ambient temperatures contribute to excess mortality. However, little is known about area-level characteristics that confer vulnerability to temperature-related mortality. Objectives: Explore city-level socioeconomic and demographic characteristics associated with temperature-related mortality in Latin American cities. Methods: The dependent variables quantify city-specific associations between temperature and mortality: heatand cold-related excess death fractions (EDF, or percentages of total deaths attributed to cold/hot temperatures), and the relative mortality risk (RR) associated with 1 degrees C difference in temperature in 325 cities during 2002-2015. Random effects meta-regressions were used to investigate whether EDFs and RRs associated with heat and cold varied by city-level characteristics, including population size, population density, built-up area, age-standardized mortality rate, poverty, living conditions, educational attainment, income inequality, and residential segregation by education level. Results: We find limited effect modification of cold-related mortality by city-level demographic and socioeconomic characteristics and several unexpected associations for heat-related mortality. For example, cities in the highest compared to the lowest tertile of income inequality have all-age cold-related excess mortality that is, on average, 3.45 percentage points higher (95% CI: 0.33, 6.56). Higher poverty and higher segregation were also associated with higher cold EDF among those 65 and older. Large, densely populated cities, and cities with high levels of poverty and income inequality experience smaller heat EDFs compared to smaller and less densely populated cities, and cities with little poverty and income inequality. Discussion: Evidence of effect modification of cold-related mortality in Latin American cities was limited, and unexpected patterns of modification of heat-related mortality were observed. Socioeconomic deprivation may impact cold-related mortality, particularly among the elderly. The findings of higher levels of poverty and income inequality associated with lower heat-related mortality deserve further investigation given the increasing importance of urban adaptation to climate change.
- Commuter's personal exposure to air pollutants after the implementation of a cable car for public transport: Results of the natural experiment TrUST(2023) MORALES-BETANCOURT, Ricardo; WILCHES-MOGOLLON, Maria A.; SARMIENTO, Olga L.; MOLANO, Daniela Mendez; ANGULO, Daniela; FILIGRANA, Paola; ARELLANA, Julian; GUZMAN, Luis A.; GARZON, Gabriela; GOUVEIA, Nelson; LEVY, Paul; DIEZ-ROUX, Ana V.Commuters in urban settlements are frequently exposed to high concentrations of air pollutants due to their proximity to mobile sources, making exposure to traffic-related air pollutants an important public health issue. Recent trends in urban transport towards zero-and low-tailpipe emission alternatives will likely result in decreased exposure to air pol-lutants. The TrUST (Urban transformations and health) study offers a unique opportunity to understand the impacts of a new cable car (TransMiCable) in underserved communities within Bogota, Colombia. The aims of this study are to assess the personal exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5), equivalent Black Carbon (eBC), and Carbon Monoxide (CO) in transport micro-environments and to estimate the inhaled dose per trip during mandatory multimodal trips before and after the implementation of the TransMiCable. We collected personal exposure data for Bus-Rapid-Transit (BRT) feeder buses, regular buses, informal transport, pedestrians, and TransMiCable. TransMiCable showed lower ex-posure concentration compared to BRT feeder and regular buses (PM2.5: 23.6 vs. 87.0 mu g m-3 (P <= 0.001) and eBC: 5.2 vs. 28.2 mu g m-3 (P <= 0.001), respectively). The mean concentration of PM2.5 and eBC inside the TransMiCable cabins were 62 % and 82 % lower than the mean concentrations in buses. Furthermore, using a Monte Carlo simulation model, we found that including the TransMiCable as a feeder is related to a 54.4 mu g/trip reduction in PM2.5 inhaled dose and 35.8 mu g/trip in eBC per trip. Those changes represent a 27 % and 34 % reduction in an inhaled dose per trip, respectively. Our results show that PM2.5, eBC, and CO inhaled dose for TransMiCable users is reduced due to lower exposure concentration inside its cabins and shorter travel time. The implementation of a cable car in Bogota is likely to reduce air pollution exposure in transport micro-environments used by vulnerable populations living in semi -informal settlements.
- Bicycle use in Latin American cities: changes over time by socio-economic position(2023) AVILA-PALENCIA, Ione; SARMIENTO, Olga L.; GOUVEIA, Nelson; JAUREGUI, Alejandra; MASCOLLI, Maria A.; SLOVIC, Anne D.; RODRIGUEZ, Daniel A.IntroductionWe aimed to examine utilitarian bicycle use among adults from 18 large Latin American cities and its association with socio-economic position (education and income) between 2008 and 2018. MethodsData came from yearly cross-sectional surveys collected by the Development Bank of Latin America (CAF). A total of 77,765 survey respondents with complete data were used to estimate multilevel logistic regression models with city as random intercept and year as random slope. ResultsIndividuals with high education and high-income levels had lower odds of using a bicycle compared with participants with lower education and income levels. These associations, however, changed over time with the odds of bicycle use increasing for all groups, especially among individuals with the highest education and income levels. DiscussionOur results confirm the broadening appeal of bicycling across socio-economic positions in several Latin American cities and reinforce the importance of considering policies aimed at supporting and enhancing bicycle travel for all users.