MILTON RUIZ ALVES
Projetos de Pesquisa
Unidades Organizacionais
Departamento de Otorrinolaringologia e Oftalmologia, Faculdade de Medicina - Docente
LIM/33 - Laboratório de Oftalmologia, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina - Líder
LIM/33 - Laboratório de Oftalmologia, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina - Líder
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- A comparative review between the updated models of Brazilian, United Kingdom and American eye banks and lamellar transplants(2014) VICTOR, Gustavo; SOUSA, Sidney Júlio de Faria e; GARCIA, Marcos Alonso; LIMA, Mário Henrique Camargos de; ALVES, Milton RuizThe corneal transplantation (CT) is the most commonly performed type of transplant in the world and the Eye Banks are organizations whose capture, evaluate, preserve, store and distribute ocular tissues. With the evolution of surgical techniques and equipment for CT, the BOs had to evolve to keep up with these requirements. This evolution goes from tissues capture techniques, donating money and clarification to the patient (e.g. internet-based), use of current equipment for more adequate tissues supply for the most current surgical techniques, integration of BOs of certain country and real-time management of stocks of ocular tissues, and adequacy of laws that manage the entire process. This review aims to make a comparative review between the updated models of Brazilian, United Kingdon and American Eye Banks. Like, check what the trend towards lamellar transplants in these three countries.
- Comparação das medidas refratométricas através da utilização do Photoscreener 2win® e da retinoscopia manual em pré-escolares assintomáticos(2021) GONÇALVES, Bruno Viana; CARVALHO, Keila Miriam Monteiro de; MINGUINI, Nilza; ALVES, Milton Ruiz; SOUTO, Fernanda MariaABSTRACT Objective: Evaluate the sensitivity, specificity e accuracy of the ocular refraction measured by the 2WIN® photoscreener as a screening method to identify children in need of spectacles prescription according to the criteria published by the Brazilian Society of Pediatric Ophthalmology (BSPO) in asymptomatic children, 6 to 36 months old, and determine the impact of cycloplegia in the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of this method. Methods: One hundred seventy-eight (178) eyes of asymptomatic children between the ages of 6 and 36 months have been submitted to ocular refraction measurements by the gold-standard method, the manual retinoscopy under cycloplegia, and the method been tested, the 2WIN® photoscreening, both before and under cycloplegia. Results: The 2WIN® photoscreener before cycloplegia was able to identify those patients in need of spectacles prescription according to the criteria published by the BSPO with 100% sensitivity, 93.18% specificity and 93.26% accuracy, when compared to the manual retinoscopy under cycloplegia. The 2WIN® photoscreener under cycloplegia maintained a sensitivity of 100%, but increased specificity to 96.59% and accuracy to 96.63%. Conclusion: The 2WIN® photoscreener before cycloplegia showed high sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy in detection of patients in need of spectacles prescription according to the criteria published by the BSPO in the tested population, with minor increase in specificity and accuracy when the measurements were performed under cycloplegia.
- Enhancing the cross-cultural adaptation and validation process: linguistic and psychometric testing of the Brazilian-Portuguese version of a self-report measure for dry eye(2015) SANTO, Ruth Miyuki; RIBEIRO-FERREIRA, Felipe; ALVES, Milton Ruiz; EPSTEIN, Jonathan; NOVAES, PriscilaObjectives: To provide a reliable, validated, and culturally adapted instrument that may be used in monitoring dry eye in Brazilian patients and to discuss the strategies for the enhancement of the cross-cultural adaptation and validation process of a self-report measure for dry eye. Methods: The cross-cultural adaptation process (CCAP) of the original Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) into Brazilian Portuguese was conducted using a 9-step guideline. The synthesis of translations was tested twice, for face and content validity, by different subjects (focus groups and cognitive interviews). The expert committee contributed on several steps, and back translations were based on the final rather than the prefinal version. For validation, the adapted version was applied in a prospective longitudinal study to 101 patients from the Dry Eye Clinic at the General Hospital of the University of Sao Paulo, Brazil. Simultaneously to the OSDI, patients answered the short form-36 health survey (SF-36) and the 25-item visual function questionnaire (VFQ-25) and underwent clinical evaluation. Internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and measure validity were assessed. Results: Cronbach's alpha value of the cross-culturally adapted Brazilian Portuguese version of the OSDI was 0.905, and the intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.801. There was a statistically significant difference between OSDI scores in patients with dry eye (41.15 +/- 27.40) and without dry eye (17.88 +/- 17.09). There was a negative association between OSDI and VFQ-25 total score (P < 0.01) and between the OSDI and five SF-36 domains. OSDI scores correlated positively with lissamine green and fluorescein staining scores (P < 0.001) and negatively with Schirmer test I and tear break-up time values (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Although most of the reviewed guidelines on CCAP involve well-defined steps (translation, synthesis/reconciliation, back translation, expert committee review, pretesting), the proposed methodological steps have not been applied in a uniform way. The translation and adaptation process requires skill, knowledge, experience, and a considerable investment of time to maximize the attainment of semantic, idiomatic, experiential, and conceptual equivalence between the source and target questionnaires. A well-established guideline resulted in a culturally adapted Brazilian Portuguese version of the OSDI, tested and validated on a sample of Brazilian population, and proved to be a valid and reliable instrument for assessing patients with dry eye syndrome in Brazil.
- Biomecânica da córnea após laser de femtossegundo na cirurgia de catarata(2015) VALBON, Bruno Freitas; AMBRÓSIO JR, Renato; GUALDI, Luca; LUZ, Allan; ALVES, Milton RuizABSTRACT Purpose: To evaluate the changes of corneal biomechanical after femtosecond laser – assisted cataract and to compare the parameters derived by Corvis ST between standard phacoemulsification and femtosecond laser – assisted in cataract surgery Methods: This is a prospective study. 151 eyes of 127 patients were under went cataract surgery. 75 eyes of 65 patients were with femtosecond laser–assisted (FS)(Alcon Len Sx, Aliso Viejo,USA) and 76 eyes of 62 patients with standard phacoemulsification (SP) (Alcon Infinit, Fort Worth, USA). Lens scattering was evaluated using Scheimpflug Anterior Segment Tomography, using the new software PNS. The Scheimpflug images were taken with an ultra - high - speed camera during each measurement by the Corvis ST. The deformation amplitude (DA) and other parameters (e.g., pachyapex, intraocular pressure, 1st A time, highest concavity - time, 2nd A time, 1st A Length, 2nd A Length, curvature radius highest concavity, curvature radius normal, Vin, Vout) measured by the Corvis ST were studied in groups FLS and SP before an dafter cataract surgery. Exclusion criteria: corneal disease, retinal or optic nerves disease or previous ocular surgery. This is study analyzed was Kolmogorov-Smirnov for Normality. The Wilcoxon-test and t-test were utilized to evaluate the differences between pre and day 1in FS and SP, respectively. The Mann-Whitney test was used to compare the differences of parameters derived by Corvis ST - biomechanical properties between two groups (FS;SP). The p value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The mean age from patients of group FS was 67.6 y (± 9.9) and the group SP was 68.4 y (± 11.8). The mean PNS was 0.62 (±0.67). In group of FS, 9 of 11 parameters derived from Corvis ST were statisticall ysignificant (ss). In group of SP, 7 of 11 parameters derived from Corvis ST were ss. Only the HC - time was statistically significant between two groups (FS;SP) with p d” 0.0387. Conclusions: The use of the femtosecond laser – assisted system for cataract surgery and standard phacoemulsification induzed changes of biomechanical properties of the cornea by Corvis ST. Only 1 of 11 parameters studied was different statistically in two groups.
- Ophthalmological evaluation and integrated intervention in a family with congenital aniridia in Alagoas, Brazil(2020) SANTOS, Mario Jorge; ALVES, Milton Ruiz; SOUZA, Carlos Dornels Freire de; CORONADO, Bruno Nobre Lins; SOUZA, Janaina Christina Norberto deAbstract Objective: We aimed to describe the clinical and phenotypic manifestations as well as the visual prognosis of a family with CA in Northeastern Brazil. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study involving 31 individuals (56 eyes) from the same family presenting CA phenotypes. The study population resided in the municipality of Água Branca, in the backlands of the state of Alagoas, Northeastern Brazil. The clinical and phenotypic variables were analyzed. For the analysis, descriptive statistics (absolute and relative frequency and measures of central tendency and dispersion) and inferential statistics (Shapiro–Wilk and Student's t tests) were used, with 95% confidence intervals and significance set at 5%. Results: Of the 31 individuals, 18 (58.1%) were male, with a mean age of 27.45 ± 17.49 years, with no difference between sexes. Of the 56 eyes evaluated, 26 and 30 were right and left eyes, respectively; 61.3% (n = 19) individuals had complete bilateral aniridia and 25.8% (n = 8) reported a total loss of light perception in both the eyes. The most prevalent ocular abnormalities were nystagmus (n = 27; 87.09%), cataract (n = 20; 64.5%), strabismus (n = 14; 45.2%), corneal changes such as opacities and/or vascularization (n = 13; 41.93%), and ectopia lentis (n = 6; 19.4%). Further, 13 individuals underwent retinal optical coherence tomography, six man and seven women aged 9–48 (mean, 30.15 ± 15.9) years. All patients presented absence of foveal depression as well as reduced macular thickness and visual acuity. Nine subjects underwent phacoemulsification. Conclusion: The study showed wide phenotypic variation among the studied individuals, with poor visual prognosis. The study highlights the need to establish comprehensive care mechanisms for families with the disease.
- Correlation Between Signs and Symptoms of Ocular Surface Dysfunction and Tear Osmolarity With Ambient Levels of Air Pollution in a Large Metropolitan Area(2013) TORRICELLI, Andre A. M.; NOVAES, Priscila; MATSUDA, Monique; BRAGA, Alfesio; SALDIVA, Paulo H. N.; ALVES, Milton R.; MONTEIRO, Mario L. R.Purpose: To evaluate the effect of high levels of environmental air pollution on tear osmolarity and its possible correlation with clinical signs and symptoms. Methods: This was a panel study involving 71 taxi drivers and traffic controllers from Sao Paulo, Brazil. Mean individual levels of 24-hour exposure to nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and particulate matter smaller than 2.5 mu m (PM2.5) were assessed on 4 different occasions. On the first and third visits, subjects were submitted to clinical evaluations including the administration of the Ocular Surface Disease Index questionnaire, slit-lamp examination, estimation of tear breakup time (BUT), the Schirmer test, and vital staining of the cornea and conjunctiva. On the second and fourth visits, tear samples were collected for osmolarity assays. Statistical analysis was performed using generalized estimating equations. Results: Although the taxi drivers and traffic controllers in our sample were exposed to high levels of NO2 and PM2.5, few symptoms were reported on the Ocular Surface Disease Index questionnaire. BUT values were reduced, whereas vital staining and Schirmer test mean results were within normal limits, despite considerable variability. A significant and negative correlation was found between PM2.5 levels and tear film osmolarity levels (P < 0.05). An increase of 10 mu g/m(3) in PM2.5 was associated with a 10.9 mOsm/kg decrease in tear osmolarity. There also was a negative correlation, although not statistically significant, between NO2 and tear osmolarity. Conclusions: Exposure to air pollution reduces tear film stability and influences tear film osmolarity. Combining clinical examination with the assessment of tear osmolarity may help understand ocular surface response to high levels of air pollution.
- Visual optics under the wavefront perspective(2014) FARIA-E-SOUSA, Sidney Julio; VICTOR, Gustavo; ALVES, Milton RuizSome intriguing concepts of visual optics cannot be explained by ray tracing. However, they can be clarified using wavefront formalism. Its main advantage is in the use of the concept of vergence, which is very helpful in interpreting the optical phenomena involved in the neutralization of the ametropias. In this line of thinking, the major role of a lens is in the creation of a new light source (the image point) that orientates the refracted waves. Once the nature and position of this source is known, one can easily predict the behavior of the wavefronts. The formalism also allows for an easier understanding on how wavefronts relate to light rays and on how algebraic signs are assigned to optical distances.
- Microvasculature of the Optic Nerve Head and Peripapillary Region in Patients With Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma(2019) SILVA, Rafaella Nascimento e; CHIOU, Carolina A.; WANG, Mengyu; WANG, Haobing; SHOJI, Marissa K.; CHOU, Jonathan C.; D'SOUZA, Erica E.; GREENSTEIN, Scott H.; BRAUNER, Stacey C.; ALVES, Milton R.; PASQUALE, Louis R.; SHEN, Lucy Q.Purpose: To assess optic nerve head (ONH) and peripapillary microvasculature in primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) of mild to moderate severity using swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). Materials and Methods: In a cross-sectional study, swept-source OCTA images were analyzed for 1 eye from each of 30 POAG patients with glaucomatous Humphrey visual field loss and 16 controls. The anatomic boundary of ONH was manually delineated based on Bruch's membrane opening and large vessels were removed from en face angiography images to measure vessel density (VD) and the integrated OCTA by ratio analysis signal (IOS), suggestive of flow, in the ONH and peripapillary region. POAG subgroup analysis was performed based on a history of disc hemorrhage (DH) matched by visual field mean deviation (MD). Results: POAG (mean MD +/- SD, -3.3 +/- 3.0 dB) and control groups had similar demographic characteristics and intraocular pressure on the day of imaging. Groups did not differ in superficial ONH VD or flow indicated by IOS (P=0.28). POAG eyes showed significantly lower VD (39.4%+/- 4.0%) and flow (38.8%+/- 5.6%) in deep ONH, peripapillary VD (37.9%+/- 2.9%) and flow (43.6%+/- 4.0%) compared with control eyes (44.1%+/- 5.1%, 44.7%+/- 6.9%, 40.7%+/- 1.7%, 47.8%+/- 2.5%, respectively; P=0.007 for all). In the subgroup analysis, POAG eyes with (n=14) and without DH (n=16) had similar measured OCTA parameters (P>0.99 for all). Conclusions: The image processing methodology based on the anatomic boundary of ONH demonstrated compromised microvasculature in the deep ONH and peripapillary region in eyes with mild to moderate POAG, regardless of the history of DH.
- Elaboração e validação do questionário de satisfação dos pacientes pseudofácicos em português(2013) HIDA, Wilson Takashi; NAKANO, Celso Takashi; YAMANE, Iris; MOTTA, Antonio Francisco Pimenta; TZELIKS, Patrick Frenzel; GUIMARAES, Aline Silva; ALENCAR, Luciana Malta de; VENTURA, Dora Selma Fix; ALVES, Milton Ruiz; JOSÉ JÚNIOR, Newton KaraPURPOSE: Development and validation of quality of life questionnaire in pseudophakic patients in Portuguese. METHODS: The modified Cataract TyPESpecification questionnaire was specifically developed to assess quality of life after cataract surgery, functional status evaluated with 10 items and contains 18 questions. All questions were applied by a single examiner, with the goal of graduating visual satisfaction from 0 to 10 (0 means very dissatisfied, 5 neutral, 10 very satisfied).This prospective comparative study included 142 eyes of 71 patients in Sao Paulo University. The ophthalmologic evaluation performed included near, intermediate and distance corrected and uncorrected visual acuity and quality of life questionaire. The minimum follow-up was 6 months. RESULTS: The mean age of patients was 60.7± 6.6 years in theTecnis®MF, 63.1 ±4.4 years in-groupRestor®63.7±4.2 years in-group SN60AT/SN60WF. Uncorrected and distance-corrected near visual acuity were statistically higher in theRestor® and Tecnis® groups compared to the SN60AT/SN60WF group (p<0.001). There were no statistical differences between groups comparing uncorrected and best-corrected distance visual acuity (p=0.56). Satisfaction questionnaire showed high glasses independence fortheTecnis®MF (9.3 /10) and Restor® (8.7 /10), but with more unsatisfied of halos (18.8% Restor®, Tecnis®21, 7%) and glare (Restor® 25%;Tecnis®26.1%) than the group SN60AT/SN60WF. CONCLUSION: Cataract patients who received multifocal (Restor®; Tecnis®MF) IOLs at time of surgery obtained better uncorrected and distance corrected near visual acuity and reported better overall vision, less limitation in visual function, less spectacle dependency, and more glare or halo than those who received monofocal (SN60AT; SN60WF) IOLs. Cataract TyPESpecification questionnaire was a strong predictor of change in patient satisfaction caused by cataract surgery.
- Biomechanical corneal changes induced by different flap thickness created by femtosecond laser(2011) MEDEIROS, Fabricio W.; SINHA-ROY, Abhijit; ALVES, Milton R.; DUPPS JR., William J.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of the creation of corneal flaps at different thicknesses on the biomechanical properties of swine corneas. METHOD: Twelve swine eyes were obtained to form two groups: 100 mm flap thickness and 300 mm flap thickness. Each eye was submitted to the following examinations: raster topography to investigate corneal curvature alterations, ocular response analyzer to investigate corneal hysteresis change, optical coherence tomography to measure central corneal and flap thickness and sonic wave propagation velocity as a measure of stiffness, before and immediately after flap creation. After flap amputation, surface wave velocity measurements were repeated. RESULTS: Measured flap thicknesses were statistically different for thin and thick flap groups, with an average of 108.5 +/- 6.9 and 307.8 +/- 11.5 mm respectively. Hysteresis and corneal resistance factor did not change significantly after flap creation in the thin flap group. With thicker flaps, both parameters decreased significantly from 8.0 +/- 1.0 to 5.1 +/- 1.5 mmHg and from 8.2 +/- 1.6 to 4.1 +/- 2.5 mmHg respectively. Simulated keratometry values increased in the thick flap group (from 39.5 +/- 1 D to 45.9 +/- 1.2 D) after flap creation but not in the thin flap group (from 40.6 +/- 0.6 D to 41.4 +/- 1.0 D). Regarding surface wave velocity analysis, the surgical procedures induced statistically lower results in some positions. CONCLUSION: In the experimental conditions established by this model, thicker flaps presented a greater biomechanical impact on the cornea.