ELOISA MARIA MELLO SANTIAGO GEBRIM
Projetos de Pesquisa
Unidades Organizacionais
Instituto de Radiologia, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina - Médico
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- Tongue size matters: revisiting the Mallampati classification system in patients with obstructive sleep apnea(2023) ATHAYDE, Rodolfo Augusto Bacelar de; COLONNA, Leonardo Luiz Igreja; SCHORR, Fabiola; GEBRIM, Eloisa Maria Mello Santiago; LORENZI-FILHO, Geraldo; GENTA, Pedro RodriguesObjective: The Mallampati classification system has been used to predict obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Upper airway soft tissue structures are prone to fat deposition, and the tongue is the largest of these structures. Given that a higher Mallampati score is associated with a crowded oropharynx, we hypothesized that the Mallampati score is associated with tongue volume and an imbalance between tongue and mandible volumes. Methods: Adult males underwent clinical evaluation, polysomnography, and upper airway CT scans. Tongue and mandible volumes were calculated and compared by Mallampati class. Results: Eighty patients were included (mean age, 46.8 years). On average, the study participants were overweight (BMI, 29.3 +/- 4.0 kg/m(2)) and had moderate OSA (an apnea-hypopnea index of 26.2 +/- 26.7 events/h). Mallampati class IV patients were older than Mallampati class II patients ( 53 +/- 9 years vs. 40 +/- 12 years; p < 0.01), had a larger neck circumference (43 +/- 3 cm vs. 40 +/- 3 cm; p < 0.05), had more severe OSA (51 +/- 27 events/h vs. 24 +/- 23 events/h; p < 0.01), and had a larger tongue volume (152 +/- 19 cm(3) v s. 135 +/- 18 cm3; p < 0.01). Mallampati class IV patients also had a larger tongue volume than did Mallampati class III patients (152 +/- 19 cm(3) vs. 135 +/- 13 cm(3); p < 0.05), as well as having a higher tongue to mandible volume ratio (2.5 +/- 0.5 cm(3) vs. 2.1 +/- 0.4 cm(3); p < 0.05). The Mallampati score was associated with the apnea-hypopnea index (r = 0.431, p < 0.001), BMI (r = 0.405, p < 0.001), neck and waist circumference (r = 0.393, p < 0.001), tongue volume (r = 0.283, p < 0.001), and tongue/ mandible volume (r = 0.280, p = 0.012). Conclusions: The Mallampati score appears to be influenced by obesity, tongue enlargement, and upper airway crowding.
- “Benefits of the pedicled osteoplastic flap as a surgical approach of mastoidectomy in cochlear implant surgery”(2022) LOPES, P. T.; BENTO, R. F.; GEBRIM, E. M. Mello Santiago; BECK, R. M. de Oliveira; CARVALLO, R. Mota Memede; SANCHES, S. G. Gandolfi; LESSER, J. C. CisnerosObjective: To evaluate the esthetic and functional results of an osteoplastic flap for mastoid cavity closure in cochlear implant surgery. Study design: Double-blind, prospective, randomized clinical trial. Setting: tertiary referral center. Intervention(s): On hundred and twenty-six patients were randomized in 2 groups for cochlear implant surgery. Cases (n: 63) underwent simple mastoidectomy using an anteriorly pedicled osteoplastic flap for mastoid closure. In controls (n: 63), a traditional periosteal flap was used. Evaluation with the POSAS questionnaire was performed 1 year after surgery to assess surgical wound esthetics. Sixteen patients from each group had postoperative CT-scans and wideband tympanometry to assess mastoid aeration and middle ear absorbance. Gender and time after surgery were correlated. Main outcome measure(s): Evaluation of the quality of the surgical wound with the application of a questionnaire validated in the medical literature and translated into Portuguese language called POSAS, considering the perception of the blinded patient and doctor regarding the surgical technique proceeded. A lower POSAS score suggests better esthetics of the surgical wound. Secondary outcomes are volumetric measurement of aeration inside mastoid cavity using 3D computer tomography exam, which aims to analyze the influence of fibrocicatricial retraction in the surgical wound into the mastoid and the interference of its aeration volume in the absorption of sound in the middle ear, using the wideband tympanometry exam. Results: The POSAS questionnaire in the Case group showed a lower level of local pain and itchiness, a skin color and thickness more similar to the surrounding skin and less irregularity and stiffness, with no influence from time after surgery and gender compared to the Control group. The median tomographic volume was 6.37 cc in the cases and 4.60 cc in controls. Wideband tympanometry showed general smaller sound absorbance in the Case group results, specially, at 1000 Hz frequency. No intraoperative or postoperative complications were observed with the osteoplastic flap. Conclusions: This technique is an effective and safe alternative to alleviate common problems of mastoid surgery for cochlear implantation. In addition to esthetic benefits, it has less interference in middle ear physiology of sound absorbance and less fibrous tissue into the mastoid cavity during the follow-up of more than 1 year.
- Muscle and visceral fat infiltration: A potential mechanism to explain the worsening of obstructive sleep apnea with age(2023) D'ANGELO, Giovanna F.; MELLO, Andre A. F. de; SCHORR, Fabiola; GEBRIM, Eloisa; FERNANDES, Mariana; LIMA, Giovanni F.; GRAD, Gustavo F.; YANAGIMORI, Marcela; LORENZI-FILHO, Geraldo; GENTA, Pedro RodriguesStudy objectives: Aging is a major risk factor for obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) and is associated with increased upper airway collapsibility, but the mechanisms are largely unknown. We hypothesized that the increase in OSA severity and upper airway collapsibility with age are partially mediated by upper airway, visceral and muscle fat infiltration.Methods: Male subjects underwent full polysomnography, upper airway collapsibility determination (Pcrit) after sleep induction with midazolam, upper airway and abdominal computed tomography. Tongue and abdominal muscle fat infiltration were assessed by the determination of muscle attenuation with computed tomography. Results: Eighty-four males with a wide range of age (47 +/- 13 years, range 22-69 years) and apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) (30 [14-60] events/h, range 1-90 events/h), were studied. Younger and older males were grouped according to the mean age. Despite similar body mass-index (BMI), older subjects had higher AHI, higher Pcrit, larger neck and waist circumference, higher visceral and upper airway fat volumes (P < 0.01) as compared to younger subjects. Age was associated with OSA severity, Pcrit, neck and waist circumference, upper airway fat volume and visceral fat (P < 0.05), but not with BMI. Older subjects had lower tongue and abdominal muscle attenuation as compared to younger subjects (P < 0.001). Age was inversely associated with tongue and abdominal muscle attenuation, indicating muscle fat infiltration.Conclusions: The associations between age, upper airway fat volume, visceral and muscle fat infiltration may help to explain the worsening of OSA and increased upper airway collapsibility with aging.(c) 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.