SANDRA SCIVOLETTO
Projetos de Pesquisa
Unidades Organizacionais
LIM/21 - Laboratório de Neuroimagem em Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina
23 resultados
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Agora exibindo 1 - 10 de 23
article 1 Citação(ões) na Scopus Educação em psiquiatria do desenvolvimento: resultados preliminares em estudantes de graduação no Brasil(2011) MORAES, Erika Neves de Souza; SCIVOLETTO, Sandra; FOSSALUZA, Vitor; VIEIRA, Joaquim Edson; MIGUEL, Euripedes Constantino; ALVARENGA, Pedro Gomes deBackground: Although knowledge on developmental psychiatry is fundamental for the early recognition, treatment, and prevention of mental disorders, this subject has not been incorporated into the medical curriculum or psychiatric practice in Brazil. Objective: To evaluate the effect of a short course on developmental psychiatry for undergraduate students and to expand education policies concerning developmental psychiatry in Brazil. Methods: Before and after attending an extracurricular 12-hour, 4-day course on the fundamentals of developmental psychiatry, undergraduate health sciences students were tested regarding their knowledge of the subject. The pre-test/post-test included 12 randomly selected multiple-choice questions designed to evaluate knowledge related to developmental psychiatry and was administered together with a questionnaire designed to evaluate students' attitudes. To compare performances between groups, nonparametric analyses of ordinal categorical data were employed. Results: The final sample comprised 43 students. The mean post-test score was significantly higher than the mean pre-test score (65.0% vs 39.9%; p < 0.0001). We found that strongly positive attitudes correlated with better performance. The 3rd and 4th year medical students performed better than the 1st and 2nd year medical students and the non-medical students. Sex differences favoring males were also observed. Conclusion: Our findings encourage additional educational policies related to developmental psychiatry which may result in direct clinical implications.- Community-based global health program for maltreated children and adolescents in Brazil: the equilibrium program(2015) MARQUES, Andrea Horvath; OLIVEIRA, Paula Approbato; SCOMPARINI, Luciana Burim; SILVA, Uiara Maria Rego e; SILVA, Angelica Cristine; DORETTO, Victoria; MEDEIROS FILHO, Mauro Victor de; SCIVOLETTO, SandraThe maltreatment of children and adolescents is a global public health problem that affects high- and low-middle income countries (""LMICs""). In the United States, around 1.2 million children suffer from abuse, while in LMICs, such as Brazil, these rates are much higher (an estimated 28 million children). Exposition to early environmental stress has been associated with suboptimal physical and brain development, persistent cognitive impairment, and behavioral problems. Studies have reported that children exposed to maltreatment are at high risk of behavioral problems, learning disabilities, communication and psychiatric disorders, and general clinical conditions, such as obesity and systemic inflammation later in life. The aim of this paper is to describe The Equilibrium Program (""TEP""), a community-based global health program implemented in Sao Paulo, Brazil to serve traumatized and neglected children and adolescents. We will describe and discuss TEP's implementation, highlighting its innovation aspects, research projects developed within the program as well as its population profile. Finally, we will discuss TEP's social impact, challenges, and limitations. The program's goal is to promote the social and family reintegration of maltreated children and adolescents through an interdisciplinary intervention program that provides multi-dimensional bio-psycho-social treatment integrated with the diverse services needed to meet the unique demands of this population. The program's cost effectiveness is being evaluated to support the development of more effective treatments and to expand similar programs in other areas of Brazil. Policy makers should encourage early evidence-based interventions for disadvantaged children to promote healthier psychosocial environments and provide them opportunities to become healthy and productive adults. This approach has already shown itself to be a cost-effective strategy to prevent disease and promote health.
- Maltreatment and Emotion Recognition Among Brazilian Adolescents(2018) MARTA, Guilherme Rodrigues; DORETTO, Victoria Fogaca; SCIVOLETTO, SandraThe experience of maltreatment can impair child development, including changes in the process of emotions recognition, which may result in impairment of social interactions and behavioral disabilities. In order to measure the association between maltreatment and changes on emotion recognition among Brazilian adolescents, the Emotional Recognition Test on Human Faces (ERTHF) was applied to a sample of 50 adolescents who had suffered different intensities and types of abuse. The social and clinical characteristics of the participants were analyzed and, from ERTHF data, the accuracy and response time for the emotion recognition. Males were 60%, with mean age of 13 years and 3 months; 60% were living in shelters. Emotion recognition changes were associated with intensity and types of maltreatment. Physical neglect (48%) was associated with changes in neutral and negative emotions recognition. Emotional neglect (48%) and emotional abuse (46%) were associated with changes in both positive and negative emotions recognition. Physical abuse (38%) was associated with changes in positive emotion recognition only. False recognition of anger was the most common outcome of maltreatment, being associated with physical neglect (p = 0.015) and emotional neglect (p = 0.047). Our results point out to the need to add emotional and facial recognition's rehabilitation interventions to better attend the specific demands of maltreated children and to increase the chances of social and family reintegration.
- Relação entre abstinência de maconha e fluência da fala em um adolescente com gagueira: implicações para o tratamento fonoaudiológico e psiquiátrico(2014) OLIVEIRA, Christian César Cândido de; SCIVOLETTO, Sandra
- Social skills and psychopathic traits in maltreated adolescents(2016) OMETTO, Mariella; OLIVEIRA, Paula Approbato de; MILIONI, Ana Luiza; SANTOS, Bernardo dos; SCIVOLETTO, Sandra; BUSATTO, Geraldo F.; NUNES, Paula V.; CUNHA, Paulo JannuzziChild maltreatment has frequently been associated with impaired social skills and antisocial features, but there are still controversies about the effect of each type of maltreatment on social behaviour. The aim of this study was to compare the social functioning and psychopathic traits of maltreated adolescents (MTA) with a control group (CG) and to investigate what types of maltreatments and social skills were associated with psychopathic traits in both groups. The types and intensity of maltreatment were evaluated through the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) in 107 adolescents, divided into the MTA group (n = 66) and non-maltreated youths (n = 41), our CG. The Hare Psychopathy Checklist: Youth Version (PCL: YV) and a detailed inventory for evaluation of social skills in adolescents were also applied in all individuals. MTA presented more psychopathic traits than the CG, in all domains measured by PCL: YV, independently of IQ levels and the presence of psychiatric disorders. Interestingly, the groups did not differ significantly from each other on indicators of social skills. Multiple regression analysis revealed that emotional neglect was the only maltreatment subtype significantly associated with psychopathic traits, more specifically with the PCL: YV interpersonal factor (F1), and that some social skills (empathy, self-control and social confidence) were related to specific psychopathic factors. The results highlight that emotional neglect may be more detrimental to social behaviours than physical and sexual abuse, and that neglected children require more specific and careful attention.
- The importance of multidisciplinary evaluation for differentiating between mental retardation and antisocial behavior in sex offenders: a case study(2011) OLIVEIRA, Paula Approbato de; OLIVEIRA, Christian Cesar Candido de; ROCCA, Cristiana Castanho de Almeida; COSTA, Ana Paula Gonzaga; SCIVOLETTO, Sandra
- Methylphenidate use in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(2015) MACHADO, Felipe Salles Neves; CAETANO, Sheila Cavalcante; HOUNIE, Ana Gabriela; SCIVOLETTO, Sandra; MUSZKAT, Mauro; GATTÁS, Ivete Gianfaldoni; CASELLA, Erasmo Barbante; ANDRADE, Ênio Roberto de; POLANCZYK, Guilherme Vanoni; ROSÁRIO, Maria Conceição doA Brazilian Health Technology Assessment Bulletin (BRATS) article regarding scientific evidence of the efficacy and safety of methylphenidate for treating attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has caused much controversy about its methods. Considering the relevance of BRATS for public health in Brazil, we critically reviewed this article by remaking the BRATS search and discussing its methods and results. Two questions were answered: did BRATS include all references available in the literature? Do the conclusions reflect the reviewed articles? The results indicate that BRATS did not include all the references from the literature on this subject and also that the proposed conclusions are different from the results of the articles chosen by the BRATS authors themselves. The articles selected by the BRATS authors showed that using methylphenidate is safe and effective. However, the BRATS final conclusion does not reflect the aforementioned and should not be used to support decisions on the use of methylphenidate.
- Child psychiatry takes to the streets: A developmental partnership between a university institute and children and adolescents from the streets of Sao Paulo, Brazil(2011) SCIVOLETTO, Sandra; SILVA, T'hiago Fernando da; ROSENHECK, Robert AlanObjective: High levels of domestic violence, mental illness, and alienation from authorities are associated with high incidence of children/adolescents living on the streets in low and middle income countries. The Equilibrium Project (Programa Equilibrio) was created to facilitate social reintegration through a virtual partnership between an academic psychiatric institute and highly vulnerable children and adolescents living on the streets, in group shelter with supervision, and in other high risk situations. Methods: Descriptive presentation of qualitative data and analysis of preliminary empirical data collected over a 24-month period. Results: Dialogue between academic professionals, street children, and city officials shaped The Equilibrium Project over the last 2 years. The program has progressively moved from a professional clinic setting to a community-based but protected activity center with recreational and professional services and an emphasis on linkage with social service agencies, city government and law enforcement officials in an academic research context. A total of 351 patients have been served of whom virtually all were neglected by their parents, 58.4% report physical or sexual abuse, 88.89% have been diagnosed with a psychiatric disorder, 40.4% drug use. After 2 years of operation, 63.5% (n = 223) successfully completed or continue in treatment and 34.8% (n = 122) were reunited with their families. Conclusions and Practice implications: Program development guided by consumer input led to a successful program offering professional services in a protected community setting that facilitates social reintegration by providing ""go between"" services integrating relationships between alienated consumers and formal psychiatric, pediatric, social service, and criminal justice systems.
- Association of child maltreatment and psychiatric diagnosis in Brazilian children and adolescents(2013) SCOMPARINI, Luciana Burim; SANTOS, Bernardo dos; ROSENHECK, Robert Alan; SCIVOLETTO, SandraOBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between different types of child maltreatment and the presence of psychiatric disorders in highly vulnerable children and adolescents served by a multidisciplinary program. METHODS: In total, 351 patients with a mean age of 12.47, of whom 68.7% were male and 82.1% lived in shelters, underwent psychiatric evaluations based on the Kiddie-Sads-Present and Lifetime Version. Two different methods were used to evaluate maltreatment: medical records were reviewed to identify previous diagnoses related to socioeconomic and psychosocial circumstances, and the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire was used to obtain a structured history of trauma. Bivariate associations were evaluated between psychiatric disorders and evidence of each type and the frequency of abuse. RESULTS: The most frequent psychiatric diagnoses were substance use disorders, affective disorders and specific disorders of early childhood, whereas 13.67% of the sample had no psychiatric diagnosis. All patients suffered neglect, and 58.4% experienced physical or sexual abuse. The presence of a history of multiple traumas was only associated with a diagnosis of substance use disorder. Mental retardation showed a strong positive association with reported physical abuse and emotional neglect. However, a negative correlation was found when we analyzed the presence of a history of multiple traumas and mental retardation. CONCLUSION: All children living in adverse conditions deserve careful assistance, but we found that physical abuse and emotional neglect were most strongly associated with mental retardation and multiple traumas with substance abuse.
- MadAlegria - Estudantes de medicina atuando como doutores-palhaços: estratégia útil para humanização do ensino médico?(2014) TAKAHAGUI, Flavio Mitio; MORAES, Érika Neves de Souza; BERALDI, Gabriel Henrique; AKAMINE, Guilherme Kenzzo; BASILE, Maria Aparecida; SCIVOLETTO, SandraINTRODUCTION: Historically speaking, medicine reflected human values until scientific and technological bases made significant strides in knowledge, sometimes leaving a human approach to attending patients to take a back seat. It has only been in recent decades, that we come to consider how to combine scientific knowledge with humanitarian care. In this context, students from São Paulo University (Brazil) created ""MadAlegria"", using the role of the ""doutor-palhaço"" [clown-doctor] to develop empathy and attend to adult patients by means of games. METHODS: Dressed as clown-doctors, medical students made voluntary visits to hospitalized patients. In 2011, the project was undertaken by 38 volunteers who made weekly visits to the São Paulo State Cancer Institute (Icesp). In 2012, the initiative was expanded to include other wards of the University of São Paulo Faculty of Medicine (FMUSP) Hospital Complex. Studies were also conducted in order to understand the impact of the clown-doctor character on adult patients, health professionals and the students themselves. RESULTS: Preliminary results suggest that most of the students acquired communication skills and also broadened their vision of the patients. CONCLUSION: Future research may elucidate more details on the benefits of training medical students in mental health.
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