CRISTIANO TEIXEIRA MOSTARDA
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- Autonomic changes in young smokers: acute effects of inspiratory exercise(2013) RODRIGUES, Fernando; ARAUJO, Amanda Aparecida; MOSTARDA, Cristiano Teixeira; FERREIRA, Janaina; SILVA, Michelle Cristina de Barros; NASCIMENTO, Ademir Manoel; LIRA, Fabio Santos; ANGELIS, Katia De; IRIGOYEN, Maria Claudia; RODRIGUES, BrunoOne of the most important consequences of smoking is the development of cardiovascular diseases. However, little is known about the early consequences of smoking and the acute effects of a single inspiratory muscle exercise session (IME). We evaluated the acute effects of an IME on cardiac parameters of young smokers. Twelve nonsmokers (C) and fifteen smokers [S; 2.08 (1.0-3.2) pack-years] underwent an acute IME. We evaluated blood pressure (BP) and lactate, and we recorded RR interval for posterior analysis of heart rate variability (HRV), before and after IME. At baseline, systolic BP and HRV parameters in time and frequency domains were changed in S group in comparison with the C. Following IME, S group reduced systolic BP (-8 %), low frequency band (LF) (-21.4 %), LF/high frequency (HF) (-57 %), as well as increased RR variance (+105 %) and HF band. Our findings indicate that a single session of inspiratory muscle exercise was able to both reduce systolic BP and improve parasympathetic and sympathetic modulations in young smokers. The results of the current study highlight the importance of furthering research on this area to better elucidate the acute and chronic effects of inspiratory muscle training on early cardiovascular and pulmonary changes of cigarette smoking.
- Metabolic, hemodynamic and structural adjustments to low intensity exercise training in a metabolic syndrome model(2013) MORVAN, Eduardo; LIMA, Nathalia Edviges Alves; MACHI, Jacqueline Freire; MOSTARDA, Cristiano; ANGELIS, Katia De; IRIGOYEN, Maria Claudia; WICHI, Rogerio Brandao; RODRIGUES, Bruno; MAIFRINO, Laura Beatriz MesianoBackground: The increase in fructose consumption is paralleled by a higher incidence of metabolic syndrome, and consequently, cardiovascular disease mortality. We examined the effects of 8 weeks of low intensity exercise training (LET) on metabolic, hemodynamic, ventricular and vascular morphological changes induced by fructose drinking in male rats. Methods: Male Wistar rats were divided into (n = 8 each) control (C), sedentary fructose (F) and ET fructose (FT) groups. Fructose-drinking rats received D-fructose (100 g/l). FT rats were assigned to a treadmill training protocol at low intensity (30% of maximal running speed) during 1 h/day, 5 days/week for 8 weeks. Measurements of triglyceride concentrations, white adipose tissue (WAT) and glycemia were carried out together with insulin tolerance test to evaluate metabolic profile. Arterial pressure (AP) signals were directly recorded. Baroreflex sensitivity (BS) was evaluated by the tachycardic and bradycardic responses. Right atria, left ventricle (LV) and ascending aorta were prepared to morphoquantitative analysis. Results: LET reduced WAT (-37.7%), triglyceride levels (-33%), systolic AP (-6%), heart weight/body weight (-20.5%), LV (-36%) and aortic (-76%) collagen fibers, aortic intima-media thickness and circumferential wall tension in FT when compared to F rats. Additionally, FT group presented improve of BS, numerical density of atrial natriuretic peptide granules (+42%) and LV capillaries (+25%), as well as the number of elastic lamellae in aorta compared with F group. Conclusions: Our data suggest that LET, a widely recommended practice, seems to be particularly effective for preventing metabolic, hemodynamic and morphological disorders triggered by MS.
- Interval and continuous aerobic exercise training similarly increase cardiac function and autonomic modulation in infarcted mice(2017) ABAD, Cesar Cavinato Cal; NASCIMENTO, Ademir Manuel do; SANTOS, Leandro Eziquiel dos; FIGUEROA, Diego; RAMONA, Pamella; SARTORI, Michele; SCAPINI, Katie B.; ALBUQUERQUE, Oscar; MORAES-SILVA, Ivana Cinthya; COELHO-JUNIOR, Hello Jose; RODRIGUES, Bruno; MOSTARDA, Cristiano Teixeira; ANGELIS, Katia De; IRIGOYEN, Maria ClaudiaThe present study aimed to compare the effects of moderate-intensity continuous and high-intensity interval exercise training (ET) on exercise tolerance, cardiac morphometry and function, hemodynamic, and cardiac autonomic modulation in myocardial infarcted mice. Wild-type mice (WT) were divided into four groups: sedentary WT (S); WT myocardium infarction sedentary (IS); WT myocardium infarction underwent to moderate-intensity continuous ET (MICT), and WT myocardium infarction underwent to high-intensity interval ET (MIIT). After 60 days of descending coronary artery ligation, moderate-intensity continuous ET consisted of running at 60% of maximum, while the high-intensity interval training consisted of eight sprints of 4 min at 80% of maximum and a 4-min recovery at 40% of maximum. Both exercises were performed 1 hr a day, 5 days a week, during 8 weeks. Results demonstrated that IS showed elevated exercise tolerance, as well as decreased hemodynamic and heart function, and autonomic control. On the other hand, both programs of ET were equally effective to increase all parameters, without further differences between the groups. In conclusion, the results of the present study showed that myocardial infarction leads to damage in both investigated strains and the two types of physical exercise attenuated the major impairments provoked by myocardial infarction in exercise tolerance, cardiac structure, cardiac function, hemodynamic and cardiac autonomic modulation.
- Aerobic Exercise Training Delays Cardiac Dysfunction and Improves Autonomic Control of Circulation in Diabetic Rats Undergoing Myocardial Infarction(2012) RODRIGUES, Bruno; JORGE, Luciana; MOSTARDA, Cristiano T.; ROSA, Kaleizu T.; MEDEIROS, Alessandra; MALFITANO, Christiane; SOUZA JR., Alcione L. de; VIEGAS, Katia Apareceda da Silva; LACCHINI, Silvia; CURI, Rui; BRUM, Patricia C.; ANGELIS, Katia De; IRIGOYEN, Maria ClaudiaBackground: Exercise training (ET) has been used as a nonpharmacological strategy for treatment of diabetes and myocardial infarction (MI) separately. We evaluated the effects ET on functional and molecular left ventricular (LV) parameters as well as on autonomic function and mortality in diabetics after MI. Methods and Results: Male Wistar rats were divided into control (C), sedentary-diabetic infarcted (SDI), and trained-diabetic infarcted (TDI) groups. MI was induced after 15 days of streptozotocin-diabetes induction. Seven days after MI, the trained group underwent ET protocol (90 days, 50-70% maximal oxygen consumption-VO(2)max). LV function was evaluated noninvasively and invasively; baroreflex sensitivity, pulse interval variability, cardiac output, tissue blood flows, VEGF mRNA and protein, HIF1-alpha mRNA, and Ca2+ handling proteins were measured. MI area was reduced in TDI (21 +/- 4%) compared with SDI (38 +/- 4%). ET induced improvement in cardiac function, hemodynamics, and tissue blood flows. These changes were probable consequences of a better expression of Ca2+ handling proteins, increased VEGF mRNA and protein expression as well as improvement in autonomic function, that resulted in reduction of mortality in TDI (33%) compared with SDI (68%) animals. Conclusions: ET reduced cardiac and peripheral dysfunction and preserved autonomic control in diabetic infarcted rats. Consequently, these changes resulted in improved VO(2)max and survival after MI.
- Ventricular and autonomic benefits of exercise training persist after detraining in infarcted rats(2013) BARBOZA, Catarina Andrade; ROCHA, Leandro Yanase; MOSTARDA, Cristiano Teixeira; FIGUEROA, Diego; CAPERUTO, Erico Chagas; ANGELIS, Katia De; IRIGOYEN, Maria Claudia; RODRIGUES, BrunoWe evaluate the effects of detraining (DT, for 1 month) on the left ventricular (LV) remodeling and function, hemodynamic and baroreflex sensitivity (BRS), as well as on mortality rate of infarcted (MI) rats after 3 months of exercise training (ET, 50-70 % of VO2max). Male Wistar rats were divided into five groups: control (C, n = 10), untrained-infarcted (UI, n = 15), trained-infarcted (TI, n = 12), untrained-infarcted plus 1 month (UI-1, n = 15) and detrained-infarcted 1 month (DI-1, n = 15). LV function was evaluated by echocardiography at the initial and final of the protocols. After following, ET and/or DT protocols, hemodynamic and BRS [by tachycardic (TR) and bradycardic (BR) responses] were assessed. TI group displayed increased VO2max in comparison with UI and DI-1 groups; however, DI-1 values remained increased compared to UI-1 group. MI area was reduced by ET and maintained after DT. Ejection fraction (TI = 60 +/- A 2 and DI-1 = 61 +/- A 2 % vs. UI = 41 +/- A 1 and UI-1 = 37 +/- A 3 %), E/A ratio (TI = 1.6 +/- A 0.1 and DI-1 = 1.9 +/- A 0.1 vs. UI = 2.9 +/- A 0.2 and UI-1 = 2.9 +/- A 0.3), TR (TI = 3.3 +/- A 0.3 and DI-1 = 3.3 +/- A 0.4 vs. UI = 1.7 +/- A 0.1 and UI-1 = 1.6 +/- A 0.1 bpm/mmHg) and BR (TI = -2.2 +/- A 0.1 and DI-1 = -2.0 +/- A 0.1 vs. UI = -1.3 +/- A 0.09 and UI-1 = -1.2 +/- A 0.09 bpm/mmHg) were improved by ET and maintained after DT in comparison with untrained rats. These changes resulted in mortality reduction in the TI (8 %) and DI-1 groups (13 %) compared with the UI (46 %) and UI-1 (53 %) groups. These findings indicate that ET is not only an effective tool in the management of cardiovascular and autonomic MI derangements, but also that these positive changes were maintained even after 1 month of DT in rats.
- Interval and continuous aerobic exercise training similarly increase cardiac function and autonomic modulation in infarcted mice (vol 13, pg 257, 2017)(2017) ABAD, Cesar Cavinato Cal; NASCIMENTO, Ademir Manuel do; SOUZA, Leandro Eziquiel de; FIGUEROA, Diego; RAMONA, Pamella; SARTORI, Michele; SCAPINI, Katia B.; ALBUQUERQUE, Oscar; MORAES-SILVA, Ivana Cinthya; COELHO-JUNIOR, Helio Jose; RODRIGUES, Bruno; MOSTARDA, Cristiano Teixeira; ANGELIS, Katia De; IRIGOYEN, Maria Claudia
- Cholinergic stimulation with pyridostigmine improves autonomic function in infarcted rats(2013) FUENTE, Raquel N. de La; RODRIGUES, Bruno; MORAES-SILVA, Ivana C.; SOUZA, Leandro E.; SIRVENTE, Raquel; MOSTARDA, Cristiano; ANGELIS, Katia De; SOARES, Pedro P.; LACCHINI, Silvia; CONSOLIM-COLOMBO, Fernanda; IRIGOYEN, Maria-Claudia1. In the present study we evaluated the effects of shortterm pyridostigmine bromide (0.14 mg/mL) treatment started early after myocardial infarction (MI) on left ventricular (LV) and autonomic functions in rats. 2. Male Wistar rats were divided into control, pyridostigmine, infarcted and infarcted + pyridostigmine-treated groups. Pyridostigmine was administered in the drinking water, starting immediately after MI or sham operation, for 11 days. Left ventricular function was evaluated indirectly by echocardiography and directly by LV catheterization. Cardiovascular autonomic control was evaluated by baroreflex sensitivity (BRS), heart rate variability (HRV) and pharmacological blockade. All evaluations started after 7 days pyridostigmine treatment and were finalized after 11 days treatment. 3. Pyridostigmine prevented the impairment of + dP/dT and reduced the MI area in infarcted + pyridostigmine compared with infarcted rats (7 +/- 3% vs 17 +/- 4%, respectively). Mean blood pressure was restored in infarcted + pyridostigmine compared with infarcted rats (103 +/- 3 vs 94 +/- 3 mmHg, respectively). In addition, compared with the infarcted group, pyridostigmine improved BRS, as evaluated by tachycardic (1.6 +/- 0.2 vs 2.5 +/- 0.2 b. p. m./mmHg, respectively) and bradycardic (-0.42 +/- 0.01 vs -1.9 +/- 0.1 b. p. m./mmHg) responses, and reduced the low frequency/high frequency ratio of HRV (0.81 +/- 0.11 vs 0.24 +/- 0.14, respectively). These improvements are probably associated with increased vagal tone and reduced sympathetic tone in infarcted + pyridostigmine compared with infarcted rats. 4. In conclusion, the data suggest that short-term pyridostigmine treatment started early after MI can improve BRS, HRV and parasympathetic and sympathetic tone in experimental rats. These data may have potential clinical implications because autonomic markers have prognostic significance after MI.
- Low intensity resistance training improves systolic function and cardiovascular autonomic control in diabetic rats(2014) MOSTARDA, Cristiano T.; RODRIGUES, Bruno; MORAES, Oscar Albuquerque de; MORAES-SILVA, Ivana C.; ARRUDA, Paula Barros Olinto; CARDOSO, Ruymar; SCAPINI, Katia Bilhar; SANTOS, Fernando dos; ANGELIS, Katia De; IRIGOYEN, Maria ClaudiaAims: We evaluated the effects of low intensity resistance training (RT) on left ventricular (LV) function, baroreflex sensitivity (BRS), and cardiovascular autonomic control of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Methods: Male Wistar rats were divided into (n = 8 each group): sedentary control (SC), trained control (TC), sedentary diabetic (SD), and trained diabetic (TD). Trained groups underwent low intensity RT (40%-50% 1 repetition maximum) for 10 weeks. Echocardiographic evaluation, arterial pressure (AP), heart rate (HR), BRS, and autonomic measurements were performed. Results: Diabetes induced an increase in glycemia and a reduction in body weight in diabetics when compared with control animals. Diabetic rats displayed cardiac dysfunction, reduced systolic AP and HR, impaired BRS and autonomic derangement when compared to control rats. RT improved ejection fraction (SD: 68% +/- 1.3% vs. TD: 75% +/- 3.0%) and velocity of circumferential fiber shortening (SD: 0.32 +/- 0.02 vs. TD: 0.40 +/- 0.01 circ/seg.10(-4)). Trained diabetic rats presented increased AP (+10.2%), HR (+10.4%), and BRS after RT protocol. Conclusions: Low intensity RT induced an increase in systolic function in diabetic rats. This may be due to positive LV remodeling and BRS improvement, which may have played an important role in the attenuation of hemodynamic impairment and cardiac autonomic neuropathy in streptozotocin-diabetic rats.
- Role of Training and Detraining on Inflammatory and Metabolic Profile in Infarcted Rats: Influences of Cardiovascular Autonomic Nervous System(2014) RODRIGUES, Bruno; SANTANA, Aline Alves; SANTAMARINA, Aline Boveto; OYAMA, Lila Missae; CAPERUTO, Erico Chagas; SOUZA, Claudio Teodoro de; BARBOZA, Catarina de Andrade; ROCHA, Leandro Yanase; FIGUEROA, Diego; MOSTARDA, Cristiano; IRIGOYEN, Maria Claudia; LIRA, Fabio SantosThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of exercise training (ET, 50-70% of VO2max, 5 days/week) and detraining (DT) on inflammatory and metabolic profile after myocardial infarction (MI) in rats. Male Wistar rats were divided into control (C, n = 8), sedentary infarcted (SI, n = 9), trained infarcted (TI, n = 10; 3 months of ET), and detrained infarcted (DI, n = 11; 2 months of ET + 1 month of DT). After ET and DT protocols, ventricular function and inflammation, cardiovascular autonomic modulation (spectral analysis), and adipose tissue inflammation and lipolytic pathway were evaluated. ET after MI improved cardiac and vascular autonomic modulation, and these benefits were correlated with reduced inflammatory cytokines on the heart and adipose tissue. These positive changes were sustained even after 1 month of detraining. No expressive changes were observed in oxidative stress and lipolytic pathway in experimental groups. In conclusion, our results strongly suggest that the autonomic improvement promoted by ET, and maintained even after the detraining period, was associated with reduced inflammatory profile in the left ventricle and adipose tissue of rats subjected to MI. These data encourage enhancing cardiovascular autonomic function as a therapeutic strategy for the treatment of inflammatory process triggered by MI.
- Exercise training prevents diastolic dysfunction induced by metabolic syndrome in rats(2012) MOSTARDA, Cristiano; MORAES-SILVA, Ivana Cinthya; SALEMI, Vera Maria Cury; MACHI, Jacqueline Freire; RODRIGUES, Bruno; ANGELIS, Katia De; FARAH, Vera de Moura Azevedo; IRIGOYEN, Maria ClaudiaOBJECTIVE: High fructose consumption contributes to the incidence of metabolic syndrome and, consequently, to cardiovascular outcomes. We investigated whether exercise training prevents high fructose diet-induced metabolic and cardiac morphofunctional alterations. METHODS: Wistar rats receiving fructose overload (F) in drinking water (100 g/l) were concomitantly trained on a treadmill (FT) for 10 weeks or kept sedentary. These rats were compared with a control group (C). Obesity was evaluated by the Lee index, and glycemia and insulin tolerance tests constituted the metabolic evaluation. Blood pressure was measured directly (Windaq, 2 kHz), and echocardiography was performed to determine left ventricular morphology and function. Statistical significance was determined by one-way ANOVA, with significance set at p<0.05. RESULTS: Fructose overload induced a metabolic syndrome state, as confirmed by insulin resistance (F: 3.6 +/- 0.2 vs. C: 4.5 +/- 0.2 mg/dl/min), hypertension (mean blood pressure, F: 118 +/- 3 vs. C: 104 +/- 4 mmHg) and obesity (F: 0.31 +/- 0.001 vs. C: 0.29 +/- 0.001 g/mm). Interestingly, fructose overload rats also exhibited diastolic dysfunction. Exercise training performed during the period of high fructose intake eliminated all of these derangements. The improvements in metabolic parameters were correlated with the maintenance of diastolic function. CONCLUSION: The role of exercise training in the prevention of metabolic and hemodynamic parameter alterations is of great importance in decreasing the cardiac morbidity and mortality related to metabolic syndrome.