GUILHERME GIANNINI ARTIOLI

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LIM/17 - Laboratório de Investigação em Reumatologia, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina

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  • article 5 Citação(ões) na Scopus
    The effect of carnosine or beta-alanine supplementation on markers of glycaemic control and insulin resistance in human and animal studies: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
    (2020) MATTHEWS, Joseph J.; DOLAN, Eimear; SWINTON, Paul A.; SANTOS, Livia; ARTIOLI, Guilherme G.; TURNER, Mark D.; ELLIOTT-SALE, Kirsty J.; SALE, Craig
    Background Diabetes is a major public health issue and there is a need to develop low-cost, novel interventions to prevent or reduce disease progression. Growing evidence shows that supplementation with carnosine, or its rate-limiting precursor beta-alanine, can ameliorate aspects of the metabolic dysregulation that occurs in diabetes. There is, however, a need to develop a better understanding of the magnitude of effect and the factors associated with positive outcomes. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to evaluate the effect of carnosine or beta-alanine supplementation on markers of glycaemic control and insulin resistance in humans and animals. Methods We will perform a systematic search for randomised and non-randomised controlled trials. Studies will be retrieved by searching electronic databases, clinical trial registers, author review, and cross-referencing. Primary outcomes include changes in (i) fasting glucose, (ii) glycated haemoglobin, and (iii) 2-h glucose following a glucose tolerance test. A set of additional outcomes includes other markers of glycaemic control and insulin resistance. Risk of bias (RoB) will be assessed using the Cochrane RoB 2.0 tool (human studies) and the Systematic Review Centre for Laboratory Animal Experimentation (SYRCLE) RoB tool (animal studies). Confidence in the cumulative evidence will be assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. All meta-analyses will be conducted within a Bayesian framework, providing a flexible modelling approach to account for uncertainty in model parameters and underlying structures within the data. Discussion By including all available human and animal data, we will provide the most comprehensive overview on the topic to date. The results will have implications for those working in prediabetes, diabetes, and metabolic health in general and may lead to the development of new treatment approaches. Dissemination Study results will be presented at a professional conference and published in a peer-reviewed journal. Systematic review registration
  • conferenceObject
    Optimising Sodium Bicarbonate Supplementation: Are Gastro-resistant Capsules The Answer?
    (2018) OLIVEIRA, Luana F.; SAUNDERS, Bryan; YAMAGUCHI, Guilherme; GUALANO, Bruno; ROSCHEL, Hamilton; ARTIOLI, Guilherme G.
  • bookPart 1 Citação(ões) na Scopus
    Biochemistry of buffering capacity and ingestion of buffers in exercise and athletic performance
    (2020) SAUNDERS, B.; ARTIOLI, G. G.; DOLAN, E.; JONES, R. L.; MATTHEWS, J.; SALE, C.
  • article 21 Citação(ões) na Scopus
    Potential of Creatine in Glucose Management and Diabetes
    (2021) SOLIS, Marina Yazigi; ARTIOLI, Guilherme Giannini; GUALANO, Bruno
    Creatine is one of the most popular supplements worldwide, and it is frequently used by both athletic and non-athletic populations to improve power, strength, muscle mass and performance. A growing body of evidence has been identified potential therapeutic effects of creatine in a wide variety of clinical conditions, such as cancer, muscle dystrophy and neurodegenerative disorders. Evidence has suggested that creatine supplementation alone, and mainly in combination with exercise training, may improve glucose metabolism in health individuals and insulin-resistant individuals, such as in those with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Creatine itself may stimulate insulin secretion in vitro, improve muscle glycogen stores and ameliorate hyperglycemia in animals. In addition, exercise induces numerous metabolic benefits, including increases in insulin-independent muscle glucose uptake and insulin sensitivity. It has been speculated that creatine supplementation combined with exercise training could result in additional improvements in glucose metabolism when compared with each intervention separately. The possible mechanism underlying the effects of combined exercise and creatine supplementation is an enhanced glucose transport into muscle cell by type 4 glucose transporter (GLUT-4) translocation to sarcolemma. Although preliminary findings from small-scale trials involving patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus are promising, the efficacy of creatine for improving glycemic control is yet to be confirmed. In this review, we aim to explore the possible therapeutic role of creatine supplementation on glucose management and as a potential anti-diabetic intervention, summarizing the current knowledge and highlighting the research gaps.
  • article 8 Citação(ões) na Scopus
    Insulin does not stimulate beta-alanine transport into human skeletal muscle
    (2020) GONCALVES, Livia de Souza; KRATZ, Caroline; SANTOS, Livia; CARVALHO, Victor Henrique; SALES, Lucas Peixoto; NEMEZIO, Kleiner; LONGOBARDI, Igor; RIANI, Luiz Augusto; LIMA, Marcelo Miranda de Oliveira; SAITO, Tiemi; FERNANDES, Alan Lins; RODRIGUES, Joice; JAMES, Ruth Margaret; SALE, Craig; GUALANO, Bruno; GELONEZE, Bruno; MEDEIROS, Marisa Helena Gennari de; ARTIOLI, Guilherme Giannini
    To test whether high circulating insulin concentrations influence the transport of beta-alanine into skeletal muscle at either saturating or subsaturating beta-alanine concentrations, we conducted two experiments whereby beta-alanine and insulin concentrations were controlled. In experiment 1, 12 men received supraphysiological amounts of beta-alanine intravenously (0.11 g.kg(-1).min(-1) for 150 min), with or without insulin infusion. beta-Alanine and carnosine were measured in muscle before and 30 min after infusion. Blood samples were taken throughout the infusion protocol for plasma insulin and beta-alanine analyses. beta-Alanine content in 24-h urine was assessed. In experiment 2, six men ingested typical doses of beta-alanine (10 mg/kg) before insulin infusion or no infusion. beta-Alanine was assessed in muscle before and 120 min following ingestion. In experiment 1, no differences between conditions were shown for plasma beta-alanine, muscle beta-alanine, muscle carnosine and urinary beta-alanine concentrations (all P > 0.05). In experiment 2, no differences between conditions were shown for plasma beta-alanine or muscle beta-alanine concentrations (all P > 0.05). Hyperinsulinemia did not increase beta-alanine uptake by skeletal muscle cells, neither when substrate concentrations exceed the V-max of beta-alanine transporter TauT nor when it was below saturation. These results suggest that increasing insulin concentration is not necessary to maximize beta-alanine transport into muscle following beta-alanine intake.
  • article 12 Citação(ões) na Scopus
    Histidine dipeptides are key regulators of excitation-contraction coupling in cardiac muscle: Evidence from a novel CARNS1 knockout rat model
    (2021) GONCALVES, Livia de Souza; SALES, Lucas Peixoto; SAITO, Tiemi Raquel; CAMPOS, Juliane Cruz; FERNANDES, Alan Lins; NATALI, Jose; JENSEN, Leonardo; ARNOLD, Alexandre; RAMALHO, Lisley; BECHARA, Luiz Roberto Grassmann; ESTECA, Marcos Vinicius; CORREA, Isis; SANT'ANNA, Diogo; CERONI, Alexandre; MICHELINI, Lisete Compagno; GUALANO, Bruno; TEODORO, Walcy; CARVALHO, Victor Henrique; VARGAS, Bianca Scigliano; MEDEIROS, Marisa Helena Gennari; BAPTISTA, Igor Luchini; IRIGOYEN, Maria Claudia; SALE, Craig; FERREIRA, Julio Cesar Batista; ARTIOLI, Guilherme Giannini
    Histidine-containing dipeptides (HCDs) are abundantly expressed in striated muscles. Although important properties have been ascribed to HCDs, including H+ buffering, regulation of Ca2+ transients and protection against oxidative stress, it remains unknown whether they play relevant functions in vivo. To investigate the in vivo roles of HCDs, we developed the first carnosine synthase knockout (CARNS1-/-) rat strain to investigate the impact of an absence of HCDs on skeletal and cardiac muscle function. Male wild-type (WT) and knockout rats (4 months-old) were used. Skeletal muscle function was assessed by an exercise tolerance test, contractile function in situ and muscle buffering capacity in vitro. Cardiac function was assessed in vivo by echocardiography and cardiac electrical activity by electrocardiography. Cardiomyocyte contractile function was assessed in isolated cardiomyocytes by measuring sarcomere contractility, along with the determination of Ca2+ transient. Markers of oxidative stress, mitochondrial function and expression of proteins were also evaluated in cardiac muscle. Animals were supplemented with carnosine (1.8% in drinking water for 12 weeks) in an attempt to rescue tissue HCDs levels and function. CARNS1-/- resulted in the complete absence of carnosine and anserine, but it did not affect exercise capacity, skeletal muscle force production, fatigability or buffering capacity in vitro, indicating that these are not essential for pH regulation and function in skeletal muscle. In cardiac muscle, however, CARNS1-/- resulted in a significant impairment of contractile function, which was confirmed both in vivo and ex vivo in isolated sarcomeres. Impaired systolic and diastolic dysfunction were accompanied by reduced intracellular Ca2+ peaks and slowed Ca2+ removal, but not by increased markers of oxidative stress or impaired mitochondrial respiration. No relevant increases in muscle carnosine content were observed after carnosine supplementation. Results show that a primary function of HCDs in cardiac muscle is the regulation of Ca2+ handling and excitation-contraction coupling.
  • conferenceObject
    Chronic (24 weeks) Beta-alanine Supplementation Does Not Affect Muscle Taurine Or Blood Clinical Chemistry
    (2018) SAUNDERS, Bryan; FRANCHI, Mariana; OLIVEIRA, Luana F.; PAINELLI, Vitor S.; SILVA, Vinicius E.; SILVA, Rafael P.; COSTA, Luiz A. R.; SALE, Craig; HARRIS, Roger C.; ROSCHEL, Hamilton; ARTIOLI, Guilherme G.; GUALANO, Bruno
  • bookPart 0 Citação(ões) na Scopus
    Creatine supplementation in the aging brain
    (2021) SOLIS, M. Y.; DOLAN, E.; ARTIOLI, G. G.; GUALANO, B.
    Creatine is one of the most popular supplements worldwide, and it is frequently used by both athletic and nonathletic populations to improve power, strength, muscle mass, and performance. However, new uses for creatine are emerging, as it seems to have therapeutic effects in a wide variety of clinical conditions, such as insulin insensitivity, cancer, muscle, bone, and cartilage disorders. Creatine have also been reported to influence the brain and to have therapeutic applications to many neurological disorders such as creatine supplementation has been shown to improve mental fatigue, memory, and attention, to reduce oxidative stress, and to control the progression of some neurodegenerative diseases. The combination of these benefits has made creatine as a strong candidate for therapeutic use against age-related diseases, such as long-term memory impairments, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntington’s disease, and Parkinson’s disease. In this chapter, we explore the therapeutic potential of creatine supplementation to improve diseases and disorders associated with aging brain. © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
  • article 3 Citação(ões) na Scopus
    The role of chronic muscle (in)activity on carnosine homeostasis: a study with spinal cord-injured athletes
    (2021) NEMEZIO, Kleiner; YAMAGUCHI, Guilherme de Carvalho; RAMKRAPES, Ana Paula Boito; SCHULZ, Mariane Leichsenring; BAPTISTA, Igor Luchini; RIANI, Luiz Augusto; GONCALVES, Livia de Souza; SALE, Craig; MEDEIROS, Marisa Helena Gennari de; GUALANO, Bruno; ARTIOLI, Guilherme Giannini
    To examine the role of chronic (in)activity on muscle carnosine (MCarn) and how chronic (in)activity affects MCarn responses to 13-alanine supplementation in spinal cord-injured athletes, 16 male athletes with paraplegia were randomized (2:1 ratio) to receive 13-alanine (n = 11) or placebo (PL, n = 5). They consumed 6.4 g/day of 13-alanine or PL for 28 days. Muscle biopsies of the active deltoid and the inactive vastus lateralis (VL) were taken before and after supplementation. MCarn in the VL was also compared with the VL of a group of individuals without paraplegia (n = 15). MCarn was quantified in whole muscle and in pools of individual fibers by high-performance liquid chromatography. MCarn was higher in chronically inactive VL vs. well-trained deltoid (32.0 +/- 12.0 vs. 20.5 +/- 6.1 mmol/kg DM; P = 0.018). MCarn was higher in inactive vs. active VL (32.0 +/- 12.0 vs. 21.2 +/- 7.5 mmol/kg DM; P = 0.011). In type-I fibers, MCarn was significantly higher in the inactive VL than in the active deltoid (38.3 +/- 4.7 vs. 27.3 +/- 11.8 mmol/kg DM, P = 0.014). MCarn increased similarly between inactive VL and active deltoid in the 13-alanine group (VL: 68.9 +/- 55.1%, P = 0.0002; deltoid: 90.5 +/- 51.4%, P < 0.0001), with no changes in the PL group. MCarn content was higher in the inactive VL than in the active deltoid and the active VL, but this is probably a consequence of fiber type shift (type I to type II) that occurs with chronic inactivity. Chronically inactive muscle showed an increase in MCarn after BA supplementation equally to the active muscle, suggesting that carnosine accretion following 13-alanine supplementation is not influenced by muscle inactivity.
  • article 31 Citação(ões) na Scopus
    A Systematic Risk Assessment and Meta-Analysis on the Use of Oral beta-Alanine Supplementation
    (2019) DOLAN, Eimear; SWINTON, Paul A.; PAINELLI, Vitor de Salles; HEMINGWAY, Benedict Stephens; MAZZOLANI, Bruna; SMAIRA, Fabiana Infante; SAUNDERS, Bryan; ARTIOLI, Guilherme G.; GUALANO, Bruno
    beta-Alanine supplementation is one of the world's most commonly used sports supplements, and its use as a nutritional strategy in other populations is ever-increasing, due to evidence of pleiotropic ergogenic and therapeutic benefits. Despite its widespread use, there is only limited understanding of potential adverse effects. To address this, a systematic risk assessment and meta-analysis was undertaken. Four databases were searched using keywords and Medical Subject Headings. All human and animal studies that investigated an isolated, oral, beta-alanine supplementation strategy were included. Data were extracted according to 5 main outcomes, including 1) side effects reported during longitudinal trials, 2) side effects reported during acute trials, 3) effect of supplementation on circulating health-related biomarkers, 4) effect of supplementation on skeletal muscle taurine and histidine concentration, and 5) outcomes from animal trials. Quality of evidence for outcomes was ascertained using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment Development and Evaluation (GRADE) framework, and all quantitative data were meta-analyzed using multilevel models grounded in Bayesian principles. In total, 101 human and 50 animal studies were included. Paraesthesia was the only reported side effect and had an estimated OR of 8.9 [95% credible interval (CrI): 2.2, 32.6] with supplementation relative to placebo. Participants in active treatment groups experienced similar dropout rates to those receiving the placebo treatment. beta-Alanine supplementation caused a small increase in circulating alanine aminotransferase concentration (effect size, ES: 0.274, CrI: 0.04, 0.527), although mean data remained well within clinical reference ranges. Meta-analysis of human data showed no main effect of beta-alanine supplementation on skeletal muscle taurine (ES: 0.156; 95% CrI: -0.38, 0.72) or histidine (ES: -0.15; 95% CrI: -0.64, 0.33) concentration. A main effect of beta-alanine supplementation on taurine concentration was reported for murine models, but only when the daily dose was >= 3% beta-alanine in drinking water. The results of this review indicate that beta-alanine supplementation within the doses used in the available research designs, does not adversely affect those consuming it.